智能断路器理论方法与关键技术的研究
摘要
断路器是电力系统中重要的控制和保护设备,对维护电力系统的安全、稳定和可靠运行起着重要的作用。如何使断路器高度智能化,并且更安全和可靠,是电力系统保护的发展要求,也是本论文研究的目的。
本论文在深入研究了智能断路器国内外发展状况的基础上,精心设计了以数字信号处理器DSP(Digital Signal Processor)和复杂可编程逻辑器件CPLD(Complex Programable Logic Device)为核心的系统硬件。DSP是智能断路器测控单元的核心器件,它实现断路器的各种保护、报警、显示与控制功能。CPLD完成状态量的监测,以及各种逻辑信号的输出。两种器件相互配合使得断路器系统更加智能化。
本论文研究了断路器测控单元的测量原理及保护算法,并进行了具体的硬件和软件模块的设计,旨在实现断路器的智能保护、远程控制和集中管理。本设计以TI公司的DSP芯片TMS320LF2407为核心。硬件设计主要包括信号调理模块设计、信号采样模块设计、保护执行模块设计、CPLD模块设计和输入输出模块设计。并且利用TMS320LF2407本身具有的CAN(Controller AreaNetwork)2.0模块,通过CAN总线实现断路器和上位机的通信,实现遥测、遥调、遥控、遥信等“四遥”功能。软件采用模块化设计,每一个模块相对独立,完成某个特定功能,便于维护和添加新功能,并且调试灵活方便。文中给出了主程序及各个子程序的流程图,其中子程序有数据采集子程序、FFT(Fast FourierTransform)计算子程序、液晶显示子程序、短路瞬时保护子程序、过载长延时保护子程序、接地故障保护子程序和短路短延时保护子程序等。并且设计中充分考虑了断路器工作环境的恶劣性,分析了各种干扰的来源,并针对各种干扰采取了对应的软件和硬件的抗干扰措施。最后,为了验证全波傅氏算法能否满足电网数据处理精度的要求,利用MATLAB搭建仿真平台,对其进行了仿真。结果表明全波傅氏算法能达到系统的要求。
The circuit breaker is the most important and protective equipment in power system,which plays a very important role in the maintenance of the power system security, economic and reliable operation. How to make the circuit breaker more intelligent,and more secure and reliable,which is requirement for protection in Power System, also is the research background and purpose.
In this paper, on the basis of depth study of the development of intelligent breaker at home and abroad. The hardware of system is made up of circuit cored around DSP(Digital Signal Proeesser) and CPLD(Complex Programable Logic Device).DSP is the core device in circuit breaker system.It takes on many protecting functions such as protection,alarming,show and control. CPLD complete status of the monitoring,and DSP communication, the output signal status. Two devices coordinate with each other makes circuit breaker system more intelligent.
This paper introduces all kinds of measuring and protecting arithmetic about intelligent cireuit breaker.The hardware and software are designd to realize the protection,remote control,centralized mangement of the intelligent cireuit breaker.In this paper,DSP chip TMS320LF2407 produced by TI Corporation is adopted as control center. To use the CAN 2.0 module in the TMS320LF2407, through the CAN Bus circuit breakers can communicate with PC, which can realize the founction of remote test, remote transfer, remote control and remote communication.The hardware design is made up of DSP least system,on-off quantum input circuit, Signal sampling circuit,CPLD circuit, Input and output circuit. Software take module design,It is easy to be expanded, The debug is aqility and convebience.Reliability is greatly improved.The flow charts of main program and the subprograms are expounded.And the subprograms include 3-section current protection program,LCD display program,FFT program,communication program etc. The design takes full account of the circuit breaker of the poor working environment, all of the sources of interference, and interference of all kinds to take the corresponding software and hardware anti-interference measures.Finally,in order to realize the communication between the intelligent release and the PC or between the intelligent release and other control unit,CAN communication are discussed. Finally, in order to verify full-wave Fourier algorithm can meet accuracy requirements of the data-processing in the power system, use MATLAB to structures simulation platform, The simulation results showed that full-wave Fourier algorithm can achieve system requirements.
本论文在深入研究了智能断路器国内外发展状况的基础上,精心设计了以数字信号处理器DSP(Digital Signal Processor)和复杂可编程逻辑器件CPLD(Complex Programable Logic Device)为核心的系统硬件。DSP是智能断路器测控单元的核心器件,它实现断路器的各种保护、报警、显示与控制功能。CPLD完成状态量的监测,以及各种逻辑信号的输出。两种器件相互配合使得断路器系统更加智能化。
本论文研究了断路器测控单元的测量原理及保护算法,并进行了具体的硬件和软件模块的设计,旨在实现断路器的智能保护、远程控制和集中管理。本设计以TI公司的DSP芯片TMS320LF2407为核心。硬件设计主要包括信号调理模块设计、信号采样模块设计、保护执行模块设计、CPLD模块设计和输入输出模块设计。并且利用TMS320LF2407本身具有的CAN(Controller AreaNetwork)2.0模块,通过CAN总线实现断路器和上位机的通信,实现遥测、遥调、遥控、遥信等“四遥”功能。软件采用模块化设计,每一个模块相对独立,完成某个特定功能,便于维护和添加新功能,并且调试灵活方便。文中给出了主程序及各个子程序的流程图,其中子程序有数据采集子程序、FFT(Fast FourierTransform)计算子程序、液晶显示子程序、短路瞬时保护子程序、过载长延时保护子程序、接地故障保护子程序和短路短延时保护子程序等。并且设计中充分考虑了断路器工作环境的恶劣性,分析了各种干扰的来源,并针对各种干扰采取了对应的软件和硬件的抗干扰措施。最后,为了验证全波傅氏算法能否满足电网数据处理精度的要求,利用MATLAB搭建仿真平台,对其进行了仿真。结果表明全波傅氏算法能达到系统的要求。
The circuit breaker is the most important and protective equipment in power system,which plays a very important role in the maintenance of the power system security, economic and reliable operation. How to make the circuit breaker more intelligent,and more secure and reliable,which is requirement for protection in Power System, also is the research background and purpose.
In this paper, on the basis of depth study of the development of intelligent breaker at home and abroad. The hardware of system is made up of circuit cored around DSP(Digital Signal Proeesser) and CPLD(Complex Programable Logic Device).DSP is the core device in circuit breaker system.It takes on many protecting functions such as protection,alarming,show and control. CPLD complete status of the monitoring,and DSP communication, the output signal status. Two devices coordinate with each other makes circuit breaker system more intelligent.
This paper introduces all kinds of measuring and protecting arithmetic about intelligent cireuit breaker.The hardware and software are designd to realize the protection,remote control,centralized mangement of the intelligent cireuit breaker.In this paper,DSP chip TMS320LF2407 produced by TI Corporation is adopted as control center. To use the CAN 2.0 module in the TMS320LF2407, through the CAN Bus circuit breakers can communicate with PC, which can realize the founction of remote test, remote transfer, remote control and remote communication.The hardware design is made up of DSP least system,on-off quantum input circuit, Signal sampling circuit,CPLD circuit, Input and output circuit. Software take module design,It is easy to be expanded, The debug is aqility and convebience.Reliability is greatly improved.The flow charts of main program and the subprograms are expounded.And the subprograms include 3-section current protection program,LCD display program,FFT program,communication program etc. The design takes full account of the circuit breaker of the poor working environment, all of the sources of interference, and interference of all kinds to take the corresponding software and hardware anti-interference measures.Finally,in order to realize the communication between the intelligent release and the PC or between the intelligent release and other control unit,CAN communication are discussed. Finally, in order to verify full-wave Fourier algorithm can meet accuracy requirements of the data-processing in the power system, use MATLAB to structures simulation platform, The simulation results showed that full-wave Fourier algorithm can achieve system requirements.
引文
[1]高平,汪泰宇,肖磊,柴爱军.智能式断路器智能型控制器的发展及技术研究综述.电气制造,2007(3):28-31
[2]孟祥忠.现场供电技术.北京:清华大学出版社,2006:147-158
[3]胡伟红.有关瞬时电流速断保护范围的讨论.西北水力发电,2005(6)增刊:11-13
[4]童雅月.过电流反时限保护的实时控制.河海大学机械学院学报,1997.11(4):21-24.
[5]林国庆,林辛,张冠生.带微机低压断路器三段保护特性的研究.电气开关,1998(1)1-3
[6]王富乐,王家善.智能断路器的电量测量与过载保护算法.仪器仪表学报,2002.23(6)增刊:38-382
[7]王汝文,宋政湘,杨伟.电器智能化原理及应用.北京:电子工业出版社,2003:77-84,116-122
[8]章永孚,程玉彪.ST智能型脱扣器的可靠性措施.低压电器,1998(3):22-25
[9]马永翔,王世荣.电力系统继电保护.北京:中国林业人出版社,2006:5-15
[10]刘幼林,姬劳.基于DSP+CPLD的断路器智能控制单元.产品与技术器件&电路,2005(10):126-128
[11]张俊民,徐国政,钱家骊,窦晓峰.基于CPLD的真空断路器智能控制单元的设计.电工技术杂志,2002(10):38-40
[12]王成海,董建友.AD7865在电网数据采集中的应用.电子技术,2002(8):45-48
[13]张隽,丁仁杰.一种基于DSP和AD7865数据采集卡的设计与实现.电测与仪表,2004(6):37-40
[14]梁锦,奉祖泽.可通信断路器抗干扰软件法.计算机测量与控制,2002.10(5):349-350
[15]苑舜.高压断路器弹簧操动机构.北京:机械工业出版社,2001
[16]林萃.现代高压电器技术.北京:机械工业出版社,2002
[17]赵世廉.TMS32X240X DSP原理及应用开发指南.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2007.12-30
[18]胡正业.智能断路器真正有效值电流的检测.低压电器,2000(4):50-51
[19]章永孚,万绍尤等.万能式断路器用智能控制器软、硬件设计.低压电器,1998(6):19-24
[20]林国庆,张冠生,林辛.一种提高智能断路器电流测量精度的方法.福州大学学报,1998 (1):56-59
[21]元复兴.高压开关现状及中压开关产品发展趋势,2008(1):107
[22]王春梅,赵跃华.液晶显示模块在智能断路器中的应用及软件编程技巧.计算机测量与控制,2004,12(3):264-267
[23]陈德树.计算机继电保护原理与技术.北京:中国电力出版社,1992
[24]阳宪惠.现场总线技术及其运用.北京:清华大学出版社,1999
[25]张学宁.应用计算机软件抗干扰.安全与电磁兼容,2001.8(3):37-40
[26]邬宽明.CAN总线原理和应用系统设计.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,1996
[27]陈曦,陆俭国.智能功率模块的电磁兼容性干扰及其抑制.低压电器,2001.6(3):6、9
[28]王铭,张峰.智能脱扣器的设计及其保护特性的研究.电工技术杂志.2005(2):45-46,49
[29]刘剑.基于DSP和现场总线CAN的智能脱扣器设计.[硕士学位论文].西安:西北工业大学.2006
[30]戴洪海.基于DSP和嵌入式系统的继电保护测试仪研究与实现.[硕士学位论文].武汉:华中科技大学.2006
[31]舒 泓,王 毅.数学形态滤波的电器瞬动保护算法.北京交通大学学报,2007(10):100-104
[32]Shaohua Ma and JimeiWnag,An Approach for intelligent Detection and Fualt Diagnosis of Vacuum Circuit Brekaers,19th ISDEIV Conefrenee,Xi'an,China,September 2000
[33]F.Buret A.Beroual.SF6 dielectric behaviour in a high voltage circuit breaker at low temperature under lighting impulses.IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,Volume 11,Issue 1,Jan.1996 Page(s):267-273
[34]Charles E.McCoy.Short circuit current fundamentals:characterisics/magnitudes/definitions for high voltage circuit breaker duties.Industry Applications Conference,1995.Thirtieth IAS Annual Meeting,IAS 95,Conference Record of the 1995 IEEE Volume 3,8-12 Oct.1995Page(s):1985-1992 vol 1.3
[35]Shaohua,Ma,Li Yu,Zhiyuan Cai and WeiLi.Researeh on the Intelligence High-Voltage Circuit Breaker Based on DSP.2005.IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conferenee &Exhibition.1-5
[36]Li E.P,Chua S.G.Harmonies Measureent and Analysis of power Supply System and Modern Electronic Equipment.Proeeedings of International Power Engineering Conferenee,1995, Singapore
[37]TMS320LF240x DSP Controllers Referenee Guide.Texas Instruments Inc.1996
[38]丁军,闰曙玲.智能型断路器过电流保护特性与运用.电气开关,1999(2):26-29
[39]杨旭雷等.智能型断路器测控单元的软硬件设计.电力自动化设备,2002(7):35-37
[40]诸邦田.电子电路实用抗干扰技术.北京:人民邮电出版社,1994
[41]万绍尤,万里浩.我国万能式断路器市场现状与发展思考.上海电器技术,2005(2):3-8
[42]冯定编.神经网络专家系统.北京:科学出版社,2006
[2]孟祥忠.现场供电技术.北京:清华大学出版社,2006:147-158
[3]胡伟红.有关瞬时电流速断保护范围的讨论.西北水力发电,2005(6)增刊:11-13
[4]童雅月.过电流反时限保护的实时控制.河海大学机械学院学报,1997.11(4):21-24.
[5]林国庆,林辛,张冠生.带微机低压断路器三段保护特性的研究.电气开关,1998(1)1-3
[6]王富乐,王家善.智能断路器的电量测量与过载保护算法.仪器仪表学报,2002.23(6)增刊:38-382
[7]王汝文,宋政湘,杨伟.电器智能化原理及应用.北京:电子工业出版社,2003:77-84,116-122
[8]章永孚,程玉彪.ST智能型脱扣器的可靠性措施.低压电器,1998(3):22-25
[9]马永翔,王世荣.电力系统继电保护.北京:中国林业人出版社,2006:5-15
[10]刘幼林,姬劳.基于DSP+CPLD的断路器智能控制单元.产品与技术器件&电路,2005(10):126-128
[11]张俊民,徐国政,钱家骊,窦晓峰.基于CPLD的真空断路器智能控制单元的设计.电工技术杂志,2002(10):38-40
[12]王成海,董建友.AD7865在电网数据采集中的应用.电子技术,2002(8):45-48
[13]张隽,丁仁杰.一种基于DSP和AD7865数据采集卡的设计与实现.电测与仪表,2004(6):37-40
[14]梁锦,奉祖泽.可通信断路器抗干扰软件法.计算机测量与控制,2002.10(5):349-350
[15]苑舜.高压断路器弹簧操动机构.北京:机械工业出版社,2001
[16]林萃.现代高压电器技术.北京:机械工业出版社,2002
[17]赵世廉.TMS32X240X DSP原理及应用开发指南.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2007.12-30
[18]胡正业.智能断路器真正有效值电流的检测.低压电器,2000(4):50-51
[19]章永孚,万绍尤等.万能式断路器用智能控制器软、硬件设计.低压电器,1998(6):19-24
[20]林国庆,张冠生,林辛.一种提高智能断路器电流测量精度的方法.福州大学学报,1998 (1):56-59
[21]元复兴.高压开关现状及中压开关产品发展趋势,2008(1):107
[22]王春梅,赵跃华.液晶显示模块在智能断路器中的应用及软件编程技巧.计算机测量与控制,2004,12(3):264-267
[23]陈德树.计算机继电保护原理与技术.北京:中国电力出版社,1992
[24]阳宪惠.现场总线技术及其运用.北京:清华大学出版社,1999
[25]张学宁.应用计算机软件抗干扰.安全与电磁兼容,2001.8(3):37-40
[26]邬宽明.CAN总线原理和应用系统设计.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,1996
[27]陈曦,陆俭国.智能功率模块的电磁兼容性干扰及其抑制.低压电器,2001.6(3):6、9
[28]王铭,张峰.智能脱扣器的设计及其保护特性的研究.电工技术杂志.2005(2):45-46,49
[29]刘剑.基于DSP和现场总线CAN的智能脱扣器设计.[硕士学位论文].西安:西北工业大学.2006
[30]戴洪海.基于DSP和嵌入式系统的继电保护测试仪研究与实现.[硕士学位论文].武汉:华中科技大学.2006
[31]舒 泓,王 毅.数学形态滤波的电器瞬动保护算法.北京交通大学学报,2007(10):100-104
[32]Shaohua Ma and JimeiWnag,An Approach for intelligent Detection and Fualt Diagnosis of Vacuum Circuit Brekaers,19th ISDEIV Conefrenee,Xi'an,China,September 2000
[33]F.Buret A.Beroual.SF6 dielectric behaviour in a high voltage circuit breaker at low temperature under lighting impulses.IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,Volume 11,Issue 1,Jan.1996 Page(s):267-273
[34]Charles E.McCoy.Short circuit current fundamentals:characterisics/magnitudes/definitions for high voltage circuit breaker duties.Industry Applications Conference,1995.Thirtieth IAS Annual Meeting,IAS 95,Conference Record of the 1995 IEEE Volume 3,8-12 Oct.1995Page(s):1985-1992 vol 1.3
[35]Shaohua,Ma,Li Yu,Zhiyuan Cai and WeiLi.Researeh on the Intelligence High-Voltage Circuit Breaker Based on DSP.2005.IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conferenee &Exhibition.1-5
[36]Li E.P,Chua S.G.Harmonies Measureent and Analysis of power Supply System and Modern Electronic Equipment.Proeeedings of International Power Engineering Conferenee,1995, Singapore
[37]TMS320LF240x DSP Controllers Referenee Guide.Texas Instruments Inc.1996
[38]丁军,闰曙玲.智能型断路器过电流保护特性与运用.电气开关,1999(2):26-29
[39]杨旭雷等.智能型断路器测控单元的软硬件设计.电力自动化设备,2002(7):35-37
[40]诸邦田.电子电路实用抗干扰技术.北京:人民邮电出版社,1994
[41]万绍尤,万里浩.我国万能式断路器市场现状与发展思考.上海电器技术,2005(2):3-8
[42]冯定编.神经网络专家系统.北京:科学出版社,2006