矿用千伏级四组合磁力起动器测控系统的研究
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摘要
随着采煤自动化技术的迅速发展，煤矿井下用电设备逐渐向大型化、连续化和自动化方向发展，对电动机的保护系统也提出了越来越高的要求。组合式磁力起动器是矿井综合机械化采煤工作面对采煤机、刮板输送机、破碎机、转载机等负载进行集中控制与保护的电控设备，其性能优劣直接关系着设备供电的连续性，关系着电动机运行的可靠性和安全性。长期以来，我国煤矿井下采用单体磁力起动器对各负载进行控制，存在着保护原理简单、可靠性低、稳定性差等问题，严重制约了我国煤炭工业的发展。因此，研究智能化组合式磁力控制站测控系统对于保障煤矿企业安全高效生产具有重要的现实意义和应用价值。
针对我国煤矿井下磁力起动器所存在的问题，本课题旨在实现对高产高效综合自动化采煤工作面大型电动机的集中控制与保护，设计了基于交流采样的保护功能齐全、性能可靠、显示界面直观的千伏级四组合磁力控制站测控系统。主要研究内容如下：
根据综采工作面现场实际情况及对测控系统的功能要求，设计了系统的整体方案及CPU控制系统，提出了测控系统的保护功能和技术指标。
针对磁力控制站的现场运行情况，全面地分析了被控负载的常见故障及故障时各种电参量的变化情况，确定了保护原理，提出了基于零序功率方向的选择性漏电保护方案。
设计了以SIEMENS CPU226为核心的主控制与保护系统，实现了对被控负载的可靠保护和控制。
开发了以Intel 80C196KB为中央控制单元的数据采集系统，采用模块化程序设计方法设计了数据采集系统各功能模块程序及软件流程图，在傅立叶算法的基础上，推导了能够有效滤除衰减直流分量的修正傅立叶电流算法并根据交流采样算法编制了简洁高效的计算程序。
针对测控系统的显示需求，开发了以单片机AT89C52为核心的显示通讯系统，分别设计了显示系统的硬件电路、通信协议及软件流程，编制了软件程序。
试验结果表明：测控系统运行稳定、动作可靠，各项性能指标均能够满足设计要求。
With the rapid development of mining automatic technology, electrical equipments in underground distribution networks tend to become large-scale, HV level, continuous operation and automatic control, which consequently raised higher and higher requirements to fulfill the protection and control of large loads. Combined magnetic switchgears are electrical equipments which could carry out the function of centralized control and protection of the loads, such as shearer, armoured flexible conveyor, crusher and stage loader in fully mechanized heading faces. Meanwhile, the performances of electrical equipments do directly bring serious effects on the continuity of power supply as well as the reliability and security of the electromotor operation. For a long time, single magnetic starter used in underground existed serious problems, such as simple in protection principle, low in reliability and worse in stability, which severely limit the development of domestic coal industry. It, therefore, is great important in practice and high value in application to develop the measurement and control system of combined magnetic switchgears.
The emphasis in this thesis is put on the realization of centralized control and integrated protection of electromotors in fully mechanized working faces to overcome the disadvantages of domestic single magnetic starters. The measurement and control system of 4 set magnetic switchgear based on AC sampling in underground 1140V distribution network has been developed, which is equipped with complete protections, reliable performances and intuitionistic display interface. The main works have been done as follows:
According to the field condition and requirements of measurement and control system, the general scheme has been proposed, the CPU control system has been designed and the technical targets have been established.
In accordance with the practical operation of magnetic switchgears, the ordinary faults of controlled loads and the variety of the electric parameters have been comprehensively analyzed, the protection principles are put forward and the selective leakage protection scheme based on zero-sequence power direction is proposed.
Main control and protection system based on SIEMENS CPU226 has been developed to complete the reliable protection of controlled loads.
Signal sampling system controlled by Intel 80C196KB has been designed, at the same time, block design method is adopted to compile the program. Based on Fourier algorithm, the modified current algorithm which could effectively eliminate the influence of attenuation DC quantity is brought forward, at the same time, the calculation procedures according to AC sampling has been worked out.
In accordance with the display requirements, the display system has been completed, besides, the hardware circuit has been designed, the communication protocols and the software flow have been worked out as well.
It has been proved by experiments that the measurement and control system is stable in operation and reliable in function, in addition, its technical specifications have fully met the requirements proposed in this thesis.
针对我国煤矿井下磁力起动器所存在的问题，本课题旨在实现对高产高效综合自动化采煤工作面大型电动机的集中控制与保护，设计了基于交流采样的保护功能齐全、性能可靠、显示界面直观的千伏级四组合磁力控制站测控系统。主要研究内容如下：
根据综采工作面现场实际情况及对测控系统的功能要求，设计了系统的整体方案及CPU控制系统，提出了测控系统的保护功能和技术指标。
针对磁力控制站的现场运行情况，全面地分析了被控负载的常见故障及故障时各种电参量的变化情况，确定了保护原理，提出了基于零序功率方向的选择性漏电保护方案。
设计了以SIEMENS CPU226为核心的主控制与保护系统，实现了对被控负载的可靠保护和控制。
开发了以Intel 80C196KB为中央控制单元的数据采集系统，采用模块化程序设计方法设计了数据采集系统各功能模块程序及软件流程图，在傅立叶算法的基础上，推导了能够有效滤除衰减直流分量的修正傅立叶电流算法并根据交流采样算法编制了简洁高效的计算程序。
针对测控系统的显示需求，开发了以单片机AT89C52为核心的显示通讯系统，分别设计了显示系统的硬件电路、通信协议及软件流程，编制了软件程序。
试验结果表明：测控系统运行稳定、动作可靠，各项性能指标均能够满足设计要求。
With the rapid development of mining automatic technology, electrical equipments in underground distribution networks tend to become large-scale, HV level, continuous operation and automatic control, which consequently raised higher and higher requirements to fulfill the protection and control of large loads. Combined magnetic switchgears are electrical equipments which could carry out the function of centralized control and protection of the loads, such as shearer, armoured flexible conveyor, crusher and stage loader in fully mechanized heading faces. Meanwhile, the performances of electrical equipments do directly bring serious effects on the continuity of power supply as well as the reliability and security of the electromotor operation. For a long time, single magnetic starter used in underground existed serious problems, such as simple in protection principle, low in reliability and worse in stability, which severely limit the development of domestic coal industry. It, therefore, is great important in practice and high value in application to develop the measurement and control system of combined magnetic switchgears.
The emphasis in this thesis is put on the realization of centralized control and integrated protection of electromotors in fully mechanized working faces to overcome the disadvantages of domestic single magnetic starters. The measurement and control system of 4 set magnetic switchgear based on AC sampling in underground 1140V distribution network has been developed, which is equipped with complete protections, reliable performances and intuitionistic display interface. The main works have been done as follows:
According to the field condition and requirements of measurement and control system, the general scheme has been proposed, the CPU control system has been designed and the technical targets have been established.
In accordance with the practical operation of magnetic switchgears, the ordinary faults of controlled loads and the variety of the electric parameters have been comprehensively analyzed, the protection principles are put forward and the selective leakage protection scheme based on zero-sequence power direction is proposed.
Main control and protection system based on SIEMENS CPU226 has been developed to complete the reliable protection of controlled loads.
Signal sampling system controlled by Intel 80C196KB has been designed, at the same time, block design method is adopted to compile the program. Based on Fourier algorithm, the modified current algorithm which could effectively eliminate the influence of attenuation DC quantity is brought forward, at the same time, the calculation procedures according to AC sampling has been worked out.
In accordance with the display requirements, the display system has been completed, besides, the hardware circuit has been designed, the communication protocols and the software flow have been worked out as well.
It has been proved by experiments that the measurement and control system is stable in operation and reliable in function, in addition, its technical specifications have fully met the requirements proposed in this thesis.
引文
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[2] Allenwest. Load Control Center user manual. Allenwest Inc. Oct. 2005
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[5] Freund Arthur GT. Total Motor Protection. ECM Electr Contr Maint. Sep 1987. May. 86 (9): 68～73
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[18] 刘伟良，黄纯，向为．基于线性内点法的高中压配电网电压无功优化．电力系统及其自动化学报．2004．16 (06)：84～89
[19] 黄纯，潘华，江亚群．消除非周期分量的采样数据修正法．继电器．2001．29 (8)：10～12
[20] 黄纯，潘华，王联群．电力电容器的微机保护方法研究．湖南大学学报．2001．28 (4)：69～73
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[28] Fu Ziyi, Wang Xin, Liu Cunsheng etc. Research on the overload protection of the mini-flameproof switch by microcomputer. In Proceedings in Mining Science and Safety Technology. Proceedings in Mining Science and Safety Technology. Science Press. 2002. 572～575
[29] 李海英．基于PLC控制的真空磁力控制站测控系统的研究．[学位论文]．太原理工大学．太原理工大学．2002
[30] 曹花荣．基于80C196KB单片机控制的磁力控制站测控系统的研究．[学位论文]．太原理工大学．太原理工大学．2003
[31] 宋建成，翟生勤，范世民等．矿井低压电网漏电保护技术的发展．电网技术．2001．25 (10)
[32] 游国栋．基于PLC控制的3.3kV移动变电站测控系统的研究．[学位论文]．太原理工大学．太原理工大学．2004
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[35] 高建平．带电查找故障点的直流接地检测方法．电世界．2000．12
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[37] DCZB-X系列微电脑程序控制高压开关综合保护器使用说明书．北京顺城电子技术公司．1999．7
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[53] 李海英．基于PLC控制的真空磁力控制站测控系统的研究．[学位论文]．太原理工大学．太原理工大学．2002
[2] Allenwest. Load Control Center user manual. Allenwest Inc. Oct. 2005
[3] Paoletti Gabriel J, Rose Alex. Improving existing motor protection for medium voltage motors. IEEE Transactions on Industry Application. 1989. 25 (3): 456～464
[4] Wood H, Higgins CF, Heaton G etc. Effective management and control of mining electrical power distribution network. Mining Technology. Jul 1985. 66 (777): 227～231
[5] Freund Arthur GT. Total Motor Protection. ECM Electr Contr Maint. Sep 1987. May. 86 (9): 68～73
[6] 李海英，郝俊芳，宋建成等．矿用隔爆本质安全型磁力控制站测控系统研究．太原理工大学学报．2001．32 (6)：580～584
[7] 周凤鸣．DQZBH-300／1140型真空磁力起动器的故障分析．电气开关．1996．(6)：14～16
[8] 仁志盛，范仪龙．QJZ-2×400／1140型矿用真空电磁启动器国家技术鉴定．河北煤炭．1999．(2)：73
[9] 陆建国，潘妙琼．ZK80八回路矿用隔爆型组合开关．防爆电器．1998．(2)：36～41
[10] 忻贤同．工作面升压是采掘机械化的动力保证．煤矿机电．2000．(5)：71～72
[11] 池艾文．基于多CPU控制的3.3kV组合磁力控站测控系统的研究．[学位论文]．太原理工大学．太原理工大学．2004
[12] Farag Wael A, Kamel Mahmoud I. Microprocessor-based protection system for three-phase induction motors. Electric Machines and Power Systems. May 1999. 27 (5): 453-464
[13] Farag S FJ, haveri Mike. Intelligent microprocessor based devices provides advanced motor protection, flexible control, and communication in paper mills. In Proceedings of the 1996 IEEE Annual Pulp and Paper Industry Technical Conference. IEEE. IEEE Conference Record of Annual Pulp and Paper Industry Technical Conference. IEEE, Piscataway, NJ, USA. 1996. 176～184
[14] 胡学林．可编程控制器教程．北京．电子工业出版社．2003
[15] SIEMENS. SIMATIC S7-200可编程控制器系统手册．2000．6
[16] 刘俊峰，李雪松．基于单片机的电力监控系统交流采样技术的实现．应用天 地．2001．(6)：67～70
[17] 磨少清．交流采样电量变送器工业实用技术探讨．[学位论文]．广西大学．广西大学．2002
[18] 刘伟良，黄纯，向为．基于线性内点法的高中压配电网电压无功优化．电力系统及其自动化学报．2004．16 (06)：84～89
[19] 黄纯，潘华，江亚群．消除非周期分量的采样数据修正法．继电器．2001．29 (8)：10～12
[20] 黄纯，潘华，王联群．电力电容器的微机保护方法研究．湖南大学学报．2001．28 (4)：69～73
[21] 邓则明，邝穗芳，程良伦．电器与可编程控制器应用技术．北京．机械工业出版社．第二版．1997
[22] 孙涵芳．Intel 16位单片机．北京．航空航天大学出版社．1995
[23] Atmel Corporation. AT89C52 User Guider. 1999
[24] 李光琦．电力系统暂态分析．第二版．北京．中国电力出版社．1985
[25] Chowdhury S P Dr, Banerjee Sunetra. Microcomputer aided development of motor starting characteristics for its protection. Modelling, Measurement & Control A: General Physics, Electronics, Electrical Engineering. 1993. 53 (4): 35～39
[26] 汤蕴蓼，史乃．电机学．北京．机械工业出版社．2001．4
[27] Zocholl, Stanley E. motor analysis and thermal protection. IEEE Trans. on Power Delirery. July 1990. 5 (3): 1275～1280
[28] Fu Ziyi, Wang Xin, Liu Cunsheng etc. Research on the overload protection of the mini-flameproof switch by microcomputer. In Proceedings in Mining Science and Safety Technology. Proceedings in Mining Science and Safety Technology. Science Press. 2002. 572～575
[29] 李海英．基于PLC控制的真空磁力控制站测控系统的研究．[学位论文]．太原理工大学．太原理工大学．2002
[30] 曹花荣．基于80C196KB单片机控制的磁力控制站测控系统的研究．[学位论文]．太原理工大学．太原理工大学．2003
[31] 宋建成，翟生勤，范世民等．矿井低压电网漏电保护技术的发展．电网技术．2001．25 (10)
[32] 游国栋．基于PLC控制的3.3kV移动变电站测控系统的研究．[学位论文]．太原理工大学．太原理工大学．2004
[33] 张文勤．电力系统基础．第二版．华北电力大学．1998．11
[34] 宋建成，谢恒堃，杨同敏等．基于零序电流方向的选择性漏电保护系统的研究．电网技术．1998．22 (9)：53～54
[35] 高建平．带电查找故障点的直流接地检测方法．电世界．2000．12
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