复杂流体相关问题理论研究
|
摘要
自上世纪90年代以来,软物质物理(也称复杂流体)已成为国际物理学研究的重要前沿。所辖范围主要为液晶、聚合物、双亲分子、生物膜、胶体、乳液、泡沫、浸润与附着、颗粒介质以及生命体系等主要分支。是涉及物理、化学、生物和材料科学的跨学科研究领域。
本文主要采用理论分析和计算模拟的方法,针对软凝聚态物质中以下三方面理论问题进行了分析研究:磁流体的条纹相基态结构;切向力作用下柱状胶束溶液体系的性质;以及磁性小球环形结构的统计学规律研究。全文内容共分四章,具体内容如下:
第一章的绪论中首先对软物质概念及其主要研究方向作了一个大体的介绍。从第二章开始介绍对铁磁流体系条纹相的一些研究结果。第一节的引言部分介绍了目前世界上对铁磁流条纹相的实验及理论研究进展;第二节讨论了用偶极能量最小化方法的在体系基态研究中的应用;第三节讨论了体系基态的条纹相结构特点以及与试验的比较。第三章主要包括了活性柱状胶束溶液体系在切向力诱导作用下的一些特性研究。第一节的引言中简略介绍了体系的一些主要特征;第二节简要介绍了小角度中子散射实验方法以及在胶束溶液研究中的大体应用;第三节介绍了研究中使用的Levenberg-Marquart最小二乘法的一些基本原理;第四节主要介绍了对柱状胶束溶液的有效系数以及胶束尺度参数的研究。第四章介绍了对磁性小球体系环形结构的统计学规律的研究。第一节的引言中介绍了前人的一些实验结果,指出所有的实验结果中可能存在一种统计规律;第二节介绍了对磁性小球环状结构统计规律所做的一个简单实验;第三节对环状规律进行理论分析,并通过分子动力学与自旋动力学的共同模拟给出了与实验符合很好的理论解释。
"Soft matter" was first pointed out in 1991 by Pierre - Gilles de Gennes in his Nobel prize lecture, instead of the "complex fluids" which prefer to call by Americans. And later "soft condensed matter" was also used in some magzines , this subject based on physics, chemical and biology , studis mainly the state between solid and liquid,including liquid crystals, polymers,surfactant,membrane,colloid,solutions, foam,particle medium, and living system, and it indeed becomes one of the frontier of condensed matter physics in 21st century.This thesis aims mainly at three theoretical problems in soft condensed matter physics, including the stripe phase ground state in ferrofiuids,shear-induced behaior in a solution of cylindrical micelles,and statitic rule about rings structure of magnet-ical ball system,we gave a primary study using theoretical and computer simulation method.This thesis is composed of the following four chapters:Chapter one, Preface. This chapter devoted to exposition of the "soft condensed matter" and the mainly studied areas. Chapter two begain to show the study on stripe phase of ferrofluids. During the first foreword section we give some review of earlier experimental results and some theoretical explains; The second section talks about the rationality of simplify the system using dipole fluids; The third section discussed the characteristics of stripe phase of the system's base state, and give a brief compare with the experiment results. Chapter three studied about the shear-induced behavior of living micelle solutions. The first section is the foreword, which give a brief report of the main charactristic of this system; The second section introduced the small angle neutron scattering experiment method, and the using in living micelle solutions; The third section intrduced the Levenberg-Marquart leaset square method used in our study; The fourth section concentrated on the studies about the effective viscosity and the parameters of the size of cylindrical micelles. Chapter four devoted to the study on rings structure of magnetic particles and their statistic rule. Section one is the foreword, gives a brief review about earlier experiment results, and pointed out a statistic rule in them; Section two presents the eperiment details; section three give a theoretical analysis of the rule, and forword with a MD+SD simulations, which
本文主要采用理论分析和计算模拟的方法,针对软凝聚态物质中以下三方面理论问题进行了分析研究:磁流体的条纹相基态结构;切向力作用下柱状胶束溶液体系的性质;以及磁性小球环形结构的统计学规律研究。全文内容共分四章,具体内容如下:
第一章的绪论中首先对软物质概念及其主要研究方向作了一个大体的介绍。从第二章开始介绍对铁磁流体系条纹相的一些研究结果。第一节的引言部分介绍了目前世界上对铁磁流条纹相的实验及理论研究进展;第二节讨论了用偶极能量最小化方法的在体系基态研究中的应用;第三节讨论了体系基态的条纹相结构特点以及与试验的比较。第三章主要包括了活性柱状胶束溶液体系在切向力诱导作用下的一些特性研究。第一节的引言中简略介绍了体系的一些主要特征;第二节简要介绍了小角度中子散射实验方法以及在胶束溶液研究中的大体应用;第三节介绍了研究中使用的Levenberg-Marquart最小二乘法的一些基本原理;第四节主要介绍了对柱状胶束溶液的有效系数以及胶束尺度参数的研究。第四章介绍了对磁性小球体系环形结构的统计学规律的研究。第一节的引言中介绍了前人的一些实验结果,指出所有的实验结果中可能存在一种统计规律;第二节介绍了对磁性小球环状结构统计规律所做的一个简单实验;第三节对环状规律进行理论分析,并通过分子动力学与自旋动力学的共同模拟给出了与实验符合很好的理论解释。
"Soft matter" was first pointed out in 1991 by Pierre - Gilles de Gennes in his Nobel prize lecture, instead of the "complex fluids" which prefer to call by Americans. And later "soft condensed matter" was also used in some magzines , this subject based on physics, chemical and biology , studis mainly the state between solid and liquid,including liquid crystals, polymers,surfactant,membrane,colloid,solutions, foam,particle medium, and living system, and it indeed becomes one of the frontier of condensed matter physics in 21st century.This thesis aims mainly at three theoretical problems in soft condensed matter physics, including the stripe phase ground state in ferrofiuids,shear-induced behaior in a solution of cylindrical micelles,and statitic rule about rings structure of magnet-ical ball system,we gave a primary study using theoretical and computer simulation method.This thesis is composed of the following four chapters:Chapter one, Preface. This chapter devoted to exposition of the "soft condensed matter" and the mainly studied areas. Chapter two begain to show the study on stripe phase of ferrofluids. During the first foreword section we give some review of earlier experimental results and some theoretical explains; The second section talks about the rationality of simplify the system using dipole fluids; The third section discussed the characteristics of stripe phase of the system's base state, and give a brief compare with the experiment results. Chapter three studied about the shear-induced behavior of living micelle solutions. The first section is the foreword, which give a brief report of the main charactristic of this system; The second section introduced the small angle neutron scattering experiment method, and the using in living micelle solutions; The third section intrduced the Levenberg-Marquart leaset square method used in our study; The fourth section concentrated on the studies about the effective viscosity and the parameters of the size of cylindrical micelles. Chapter four devoted to the study on rings structure of magnetic particles and their statistic rule. Section one is the foreword, gives a brief review about earlier experiment results, and pointed out a statistic rule in them; Section two presents the eperiment details; section three give a theoretical analysis of the rule, and forword with a MD+SD simulations, which
引文
[1] P. G. de Gennes著,孙政民,王新久,编译《液晶物理学》上海翻译出版公司
[2] [英]R.J.扬著,魏月贞,陈庆琰译《聚合物导论》,哈尔滨工业大学出版社
[3] 王国庭著《胶体稳定性》,科学出版社
[4] [美]F.W.毕尔梅耶著,《聚合物科学教程》,科学出版社
[5] [法]P-G德热纳,J.巴杜著,卢定伟,唐玉立,孙大坤译,冯端校,《软物质与硬科学》,湖南教育出版社
[6] 闻建勋著《奇妙的软物质》,上海科技教育出版社
[7] Pierre Gills De Gennes, Nobel Lecture, December 9, 1991, "SOFT MATTER"
[8] 郑忠编《胶体科学导论》,高等教育出版社,1989年
[9] 沈钟,王国庭编著, 《胶体与表面化学》,化学工业出版社,1991年
[10] 赵云鹏《神奇的生物膜》,北京出版社1980年
[11] [美]S.G.舒尔茨著,王子栋,凌少链译,《膜生理学纲要》,科学出版社,1989年
[12] 刘文龙,张志鸿编著,《生物膜与质脂体技术》,湖南科学技术出版社,1989年
[2] [英]R.J.扬著,魏月贞,陈庆琰译《聚合物导论》,哈尔滨工业大学出版社
[3] 王国庭著《胶体稳定性》,科学出版社
[4] [美]F.W.毕尔梅耶著,《聚合物科学教程》,科学出版社
[5] [法]P-G德热纳,J.巴杜著,卢定伟,唐玉立,孙大坤译,冯端校,《软物质与硬科学》,湖南教育出版社
[6] 闻建勋著《奇妙的软物质》,上海科技教育出版社
[7] Pierre Gills De Gennes, Nobel Lecture, December 9, 1991, "SOFT MATTER"
[8] 郑忠编《胶体科学导论》,高等教育出版社,1989年
[9] 沈钟,王国庭编著, 《胶体与表面化学》,化学工业出版社,1991年
[10] 赵云鹏《神奇的生物膜》,北京出版社1980年
[11] [美]S.G.舒尔茨著,王子栋,凌少链译,《膜生理学纲要》,科学出版社,1989年
[12] 刘文龙,张志鸿编著,《生物膜与质脂体技术》,湖南科学技术出版社,1989年