大庆林甸农村房屋抗震性能现状调查及振动台试验研究
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摘要
我国广大农村地区房屋抗震性能差,在遭受地震时损毁非常严重,震害损失惨重。震后进行灾后重建,村民建造新的抗震房屋,房屋的抗震性能得到提高和改善,但新建房屋结构抗震仍存在很多问题,如缺乏相应抗震构造措施、房屋抗震能力不足、抗震措施设计不合理,再次遭遇地震时可能导致较大的震害后果,因此,对震后新建农村房屋的抗震性能进行研究尤为重要和紧迫。
2005年大庆林甸县农村地区发生M5.1级地震,本文研究震后新建农村房屋的抗震性能,通过实地房屋现状调查和该地区房屋模型振动台试验对该地区房屋的抗震能力现状进行评估。本文研究工作主要包括以下几方面:
(1)通过对林甸县农村地区房屋抗震性能现状进行了实地调研,给出了该地区农村典型房屋的平立面,调查新建房屋结构形式特点、房屋建筑材料和施工质量以及采取的抗震构造措施,并揭示了该地区房屋抗震存在的问题,给出解决问题的对策和建议。
(2)进行了该地区农村房屋1:2振动台模型试验,输入Taft波、人工波和El Centro波3种地震波,研究结构在不同烈度地震作用下的反应,观察记录试验现象,分析房屋抗震能力。
(3)对试验测得的加速度和位移数据进行分析,研究结构在地震作用下的动力响应,并结合试验现象,找出房屋结构抗震薄弱部位或构件。此外,还进行了结构倒塌试验,研究结构倒塌破坏过程和倒塌失效原因,给出增强房屋抗倒塌能力的建议和措施。
The seismic performance of the houses in the rural areas of our country is so poor that it causes great damage when they are subjected to earthquake ground motion. The farmers built new houses with seismic reinforcement during the reconstruction period. Although the seismic behavior of the new houses is improved, there still remain a lot of problems such as lack of seismic design details, poor seismic capacity and unreasonable reinforcement measures, which may cause great damage if they are to be subjected to another severe earthquake ground motion. Therefore, it is urgent and important to investigate the seismic behavior of the newly-built houses in rural areas.
In 2005, an earthquake struck the rural areas of Lindian in Daqing. This study investigates the seismic behavior of houses in Lindian through field investigation and shaking table test of a local house model. The main contents are presented as follows:
(1) According to the field survey of the seismic performance of these houses, the typical plan and elevation view of the rural house are provided. The characteristics of structures, building materials, construction quality and seismic design details are investigated. Some key problems and suggestions related to seismic design and measures of these houses are presented.
(2) Shaking table test was conducted on a 1:2 scale structural model by using Taft record, manmade record and El Centro record as input ground motion. The seismic response and performance of the structural model under different seismic input and intensities are analyzed.
(3) The acceleration and displacement data obtained from the tests are analyzed to investigate the dynamic responses of the rural houses under earthquake. The weak parts or components of the structure are identified based on the observation. In addition, collapse test was conducted to examine the collapse process and mechanism of rural house. Several measures to enhance the anti-collapse capacity of rural houses are presented.
2005年大庆林甸县农村地区发生M5.1级地震,本文研究震后新建农村房屋的抗震性能,通过实地房屋现状调查和该地区房屋模型振动台试验对该地区房屋的抗震能力现状进行评估。本文研究工作主要包括以下几方面:
(1)通过对林甸县农村地区房屋抗震性能现状进行了实地调研,给出了该地区农村典型房屋的平立面,调查新建房屋结构形式特点、房屋建筑材料和施工质量以及采取的抗震构造措施,并揭示了该地区房屋抗震存在的问题,给出解决问题的对策和建议。
(2)进行了该地区农村房屋1:2振动台模型试验,输入Taft波、人工波和El Centro波3种地震波,研究结构在不同烈度地震作用下的反应,观察记录试验现象,分析房屋抗震能力。
(3)对试验测得的加速度和位移数据进行分析,研究结构在地震作用下的动力响应,并结合试验现象,找出房屋结构抗震薄弱部位或构件。此外,还进行了结构倒塌试验,研究结构倒塌破坏过程和倒塌失效原因,给出增强房屋抗倒塌能力的建议和措施。
The seismic performance of the houses in the rural areas of our country is so poor that it causes great damage when they are subjected to earthquake ground motion. The farmers built new houses with seismic reinforcement during the reconstruction period. Although the seismic behavior of the new houses is improved, there still remain a lot of problems such as lack of seismic design details, poor seismic capacity and unreasonable reinforcement measures, which may cause great damage if they are to be subjected to another severe earthquake ground motion. Therefore, it is urgent and important to investigate the seismic behavior of the newly-built houses in rural areas.
In 2005, an earthquake struck the rural areas of Lindian in Daqing. This study investigates the seismic behavior of houses in Lindian through field investigation and shaking table test of a local house model. The main contents are presented as follows:
(1) According to the field survey of the seismic performance of these houses, the typical plan and elevation view of the rural house are provided. The characteristics of structures, building materials, construction quality and seismic design details are investigated. Some key problems and suggestions related to seismic design and measures of these houses are presented.
(2) Shaking table test was conducted on a 1:2 scale structural model by using Taft record, manmade record and El Centro record as input ground motion. The seismic response and performance of the structural model under different seismic input and intensities are analyzed.
(3) The acceleration and displacement data obtained from the tests are analyzed to investigate the dynamic responses of the rural houses under earthquake. The weak parts or components of the structure are identified based on the observation. In addition, collapse test was conducted to examine the collapse process and mechanism of rural house. Several measures to enhance the anti-collapse capacity of rural houses are presented.
引文
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