桂西北地区摩天岭和元宝山花岗岩岩石地球化学及其成因研究
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摘要
研究区位于扬子板块和华南板块边缘。华南扬子地块周边大面积出露新元古代火成岩,尤其桂北地区广泛发育新元古代花岗岩及与之相伴生的镁铁质-超镁铁质岩石,其中镁铁质-超镁铁质岩石在空间上与长英质岩石紧密关联。本文在大量野外地质调查工作的基础上,通过主元素、微量元素和稀土元素地球化研究以及锆石年代学测定,探讨了桂西北地区岩浆岩和变余沉积岩系的岩石地球化学特征和大地构造环境。
桂北中-新元古代时期由于“陆间小洋盆”的俯冲,在扬子板块的东南缘先后形成了“四堡弧”和“龙胜弧”,小洋盆闭合时发生有限的消减作用,然后进入陆内俯冲造山阶段。镁铁质-超镁铁质岩和花岗岩类以及变质岩主元素和微量元素图解,均具有岛弧成因特征,花岗岩同时还具有同碰撞花岗岩成因特征。
镁铁质-超镁铁质岩、花岗闪长岩、黑云母花岗岩和四堡群变质岩具有相同的主元素、稀土元素和微量元素特征,表明岩浆熔体经历了高度的分离结晶作用,推断火成岩可能遭到地壳(四堡群)混染,镁铁质-超镁铁质岩和花岗岩岩浆物质具有同源性。
根据火成岩的侵入关系、造岩矿物和副矿物的组成以及岩石地球化学特征。研究表明本区火成岩成岩序列为:镁铁质-超镁铁质岩→花岗闪长岩→黑云母花岗岩。
丹洲群变余沉积岩系和火成岩稀土元素配分曲线和微量元素标准化图解基本一致,丹洲群的稀土含量高于火成岩。根据丹洲群锆石CL图像和年龄,推断镁铁质-超镁铁质岩,花岗闪长岩和黑云母花岗岩可能是丹洲群的源区岩性。丹洲群的沉积下限年龄不高于766.0±4.4Ma。
The research area is located at the Yangtze plate and South China plate margin. The Neoproterozoic large-area igneous rocks widely spread in Yangtze block of South China. Particularly, the Neoproterozoic granites and associated mafic-ultramafic rocks are widely developed in northern area of Guangxi. There are close links of time and space between mafic rocks and gabbro-intrusions. The northern area of Guangxi are ideal sites of studying relationship between mafic-ultramafic rocks and granitic magmatism. This paper discuss tectonic environment and petrological geochemistry characteristics of igneous rocks and sedimentary rocks from the northern area of Guangxi on the basis of a large number of field geological work and the studies of major elements, trace elements and zircon age.
Due to the the Mesoproterozoic and Neoproterozoic subduction of“the Small Inter- continental Sea Basin”from southestern Guangxi. "Sibao Arc" and " Longsheng Arc" are formed in southern Yangtze plate successively. Limited subduction happens when the small ocean basin closes, and then intracontinental subduction orogeny take palce. Diagrams of major elements and trace elements of mafic- ultramafic rocks, granites and metamorphic rocks show characteristics of the arc genesis and granites have also syn- collisional granite characteristics.
According to the same characteristics of major elements, REE and trace elements among mafic-ultramafic rocks, granites and metamorphic rocks, magmatic melt experiences intensely fractional crystallization. So the igneous rocks may undergo crustal(Sibao Group) contamination, Magma of Mafic-ultramafic rocks and granites show the homology of resource.
In terms of the intrusive relationship, petrological geochemistry characteristics , composition between rock-forming minerals and accessory minerals of igneous rocks, successions of igneous rocks as followed is indicated: Mafic-ultramafic rocks ??→granodiorites ??→biotite granites
REE and tace elements Pattern for Danzhou Group and igneous rocks are same.∑REE of Danzhou Group is higher than that of igneous rocks. According to the CL images and zircon age of Danzhou Group, Inference is reached, mafic-ultramafic rocks, granodiorites and biotite granites may be the source regional rocks. The lowermost sedimentary age of Danzhou Group is no higher than 766.0±4.4Ma.
桂北中-新元古代时期由于“陆间小洋盆”的俯冲,在扬子板块的东南缘先后形成了“四堡弧”和“龙胜弧”,小洋盆闭合时发生有限的消减作用,然后进入陆内俯冲造山阶段。镁铁质-超镁铁质岩和花岗岩类以及变质岩主元素和微量元素图解,均具有岛弧成因特征,花岗岩同时还具有同碰撞花岗岩成因特征。
镁铁质-超镁铁质岩、花岗闪长岩、黑云母花岗岩和四堡群变质岩具有相同的主元素、稀土元素和微量元素特征,表明岩浆熔体经历了高度的分离结晶作用,推断火成岩可能遭到地壳(四堡群)混染,镁铁质-超镁铁质岩和花岗岩岩浆物质具有同源性。
根据火成岩的侵入关系、造岩矿物和副矿物的组成以及岩石地球化学特征。研究表明本区火成岩成岩序列为:镁铁质-超镁铁质岩→花岗闪长岩→黑云母花岗岩。
丹洲群变余沉积岩系和火成岩稀土元素配分曲线和微量元素标准化图解基本一致,丹洲群的稀土含量高于火成岩。根据丹洲群锆石CL图像和年龄,推断镁铁质-超镁铁质岩,花岗闪长岩和黑云母花岗岩可能是丹洲群的源区岩性。丹洲群的沉积下限年龄不高于766.0±4.4Ma。
The research area is located at the Yangtze plate and South China plate margin. The Neoproterozoic large-area igneous rocks widely spread in Yangtze block of South China. Particularly, the Neoproterozoic granites and associated mafic-ultramafic rocks are widely developed in northern area of Guangxi. There are close links of time and space between mafic rocks and gabbro-intrusions. The northern area of Guangxi are ideal sites of studying relationship between mafic-ultramafic rocks and granitic magmatism. This paper discuss tectonic environment and petrological geochemistry characteristics of igneous rocks and sedimentary rocks from the northern area of Guangxi on the basis of a large number of field geological work and the studies of major elements, trace elements and zircon age.
Due to the the Mesoproterozoic and Neoproterozoic subduction of“the Small Inter- continental Sea Basin”from southestern Guangxi. "Sibao Arc" and " Longsheng Arc" are formed in southern Yangtze plate successively. Limited subduction happens when the small ocean basin closes, and then intracontinental subduction orogeny take palce. Diagrams of major elements and trace elements of mafic- ultramafic rocks, granites and metamorphic rocks show characteristics of the arc genesis and granites have also syn- collisional granite characteristics.
According to the same characteristics of major elements, REE and trace elements among mafic-ultramafic rocks, granites and metamorphic rocks, magmatic melt experiences intensely fractional crystallization. So the igneous rocks may undergo crustal(Sibao Group) contamination, Magma of Mafic-ultramafic rocks and granites show the homology of resource.
In terms of the intrusive relationship, petrological geochemistry characteristics , composition between rock-forming minerals and accessory minerals of igneous rocks, successions of igneous rocks as followed is indicated: Mafic-ultramafic rocks ??→granodiorites ??→biotite granites
REE and tace elements Pattern for Danzhou Group and igneous rocks are same.∑REE of Danzhou Group is higher than that of igneous rocks. According to the CL images and zircon age of Danzhou Group, Inference is reached, mafic-ultramafic rocks, granodiorites and biotite granites may be the source regional rocks. The lowermost sedimentary age of Danzhou Group is no higher than 766.0±4.4Ma.
引文
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