黄土地区大直径超长群桩的室内模型试验研究
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摘要
桩基础的应用有着悠久的历史。近二三十年以来超高层建筑明显增多,针对这些建筑物高、重以及沉降控制严格的特点,大直径超长桩应运而生。
目前对这类桩的荷载传递机理的认识仍处于起步阶段,现行规范关于超长桩设计理论尚未完全建立在其承载变形机理的基础上,往往存在理论与实际之间的矛盾。在黄土地区的超长桩研究中,都是对单桩的,很少对超长群桩进行比较系统的研究。
作者通过收集并阅读大量的参考文献资料、进行模型试验并结合理论分析,对黄土地区大直径群桩基础的沉降规律、荷载传递特性、承台中心下土体附加应力特性、承台—桩—土相互作用做了研究,并在此基础上探讨了地下水的上升对黄土地区超长群桩工作性状的影响。具体包括:
(1)在西安建筑科技大学岩土工程实验室进行了常规和模拟地下水上升两种条件下大直径超长群桩的室内模型试验,并对模型试验所用的各层土进行了室内土工试验,测得了土的各项参数。
(2)通过模型试验,研究了黄土地区大直径超长群桩的沉降规律,分析了地下水上升引起持力层和桩周土层含水量增加对基础沉降特性的影响;对大直径超长桩基的荷载传递特性进行了研究,得出了群桩基础各特征桩的轴力、端阻力及侧摩阻力分布规律并分析了水的上升对荷载传递性质的影响;通过分析试验中测得的大直径超长群桩承台中心下土的附加应力分布,得到了土体中附加应力的分布规律和发展规律以及水对其的影响。
(3)结合试验数据和已有理论,对黄土地区大直径超长群桩的承台—桩—土相互作用进行了初步研究,得到了桩与承台的荷载分担特点、承台底土的附加应力分布特征和其随荷载与沉降的发展规律。
The application of the pile foundation hold a long history .The number of super high-rise buildings is increasing obviously . Aiming at the characteristics of high , heavy and strict control of settlement of these buildings ,large diameter super-long piles has emerged as the times require.
At present, the studies of the load transfer mechanism of the super-long pile are still at the initial stage. The design method of super-long pile in the applicable codes and standards is not based entirely on the mechanism of load-bearing and deformation, the conflict often exist between the theory and the reality. The study of the large-diameter over-length pile in the loess area has been mainly to the single pile, systematic research on the over-length pile group was seldom.
By means of collecting and reading lots of literature, model test and theoretical analysis, this paper has done a series of studies on the settlement rule and the load transfer mechanism of the large diameter pile group foundation of the loess area, the characteristics of additional stress of the soil under the bearing platform, as well as the cap-pile-soil interaction. Basing on these works,this paper have investigated the influence on the working characteristics of the over-length pile group of the loess area when the groundwater rising. Details including:
(1). The model test of the large diameter over-length pile group under the condition of the routine and the groundwater rising has been done in the Geotechnical Engineering Laboratory of the Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, the parameters of the soil which is used in the model test have been measured by the soil test in the laboratory.
(2). By means of model test, this paper studied the settlement rule of the large diameter over-length pile group of the loess area, analyzed the influence on the characteristic of the foundation settlement because of the water content increasing of the bearing stratum and the surrounding soil which is caused by the groundwater rising; By studying of the load transfer mechanism of the super-long pile, this paper gained the distribution law of the axial force, tip resistance and side friction, and researched the influence of the groundwater rising on the load transfer mechanism; According to the test result of the distribution of additional stress under the bearing platform of the lager diameter over-length pile group, this paper got the distribution law and development law of the additional stress of the soil, and also the effecting ofgroundwater on it.
(3). Based on experimental data and existing theory, this paper have done initial research on the cap-pile-soil interaction with the lager diameter over-length pile group in the loess area, obtained the characteristic the load sharing between the pile and the bearing platform, the distribution characteristics of the additional stress of the soil under the bearing platform, and also gained the development law of the additional stress causing by the developing of the load and the settlement.
目前对这类桩的荷载传递机理的认识仍处于起步阶段,现行规范关于超长桩设计理论尚未完全建立在其承载变形机理的基础上,往往存在理论与实际之间的矛盾。在黄土地区的超长桩研究中,都是对单桩的,很少对超长群桩进行比较系统的研究。
作者通过收集并阅读大量的参考文献资料、进行模型试验并结合理论分析,对黄土地区大直径群桩基础的沉降规律、荷载传递特性、承台中心下土体附加应力特性、承台—桩—土相互作用做了研究,并在此基础上探讨了地下水的上升对黄土地区超长群桩工作性状的影响。具体包括:
(1)在西安建筑科技大学岩土工程实验室进行了常规和模拟地下水上升两种条件下大直径超长群桩的室内模型试验,并对模型试验所用的各层土进行了室内土工试验,测得了土的各项参数。
(2)通过模型试验,研究了黄土地区大直径超长群桩的沉降规律,分析了地下水上升引起持力层和桩周土层含水量增加对基础沉降特性的影响;对大直径超长桩基的荷载传递特性进行了研究,得出了群桩基础各特征桩的轴力、端阻力及侧摩阻力分布规律并分析了水的上升对荷载传递性质的影响;通过分析试验中测得的大直径超长群桩承台中心下土的附加应力分布,得到了土体中附加应力的分布规律和发展规律以及水对其的影响。
(3)结合试验数据和已有理论,对黄土地区大直径超长群桩的承台—桩—土相互作用进行了初步研究,得到了桩与承台的荷载分担特点、承台底土的附加应力分布特征和其随荷载与沉降的发展规律。
The application of the pile foundation hold a long history .The number of super high-rise buildings is increasing obviously . Aiming at the characteristics of high , heavy and strict control of settlement of these buildings ,large diameter super-long piles has emerged as the times require.
At present, the studies of the load transfer mechanism of the super-long pile are still at the initial stage. The design method of super-long pile in the applicable codes and standards is not based entirely on the mechanism of load-bearing and deformation, the conflict often exist between the theory and the reality. The study of the large-diameter over-length pile in the loess area has been mainly to the single pile, systematic research on the over-length pile group was seldom.
By means of collecting and reading lots of literature, model test and theoretical analysis, this paper has done a series of studies on the settlement rule and the load transfer mechanism of the large diameter pile group foundation of the loess area, the characteristics of additional stress of the soil under the bearing platform, as well as the cap-pile-soil interaction. Basing on these works,this paper have investigated the influence on the working characteristics of the over-length pile group of the loess area when the groundwater rising. Details including:
(1). The model test of the large diameter over-length pile group under the condition of the routine and the groundwater rising has been done in the Geotechnical Engineering Laboratory of the Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, the parameters of the soil which is used in the model test have been measured by the soil test in the laboratory.
(2). By means of model test, this paper studied the settlement rule of the large diameter over-length pile group of the loess area, analyzed the influence on the characteristic of the foundation settlement because of the water content increasing of the bearing stratum and the surrounding soil which is caused by the groundwater rising; By studying of the load transfer mechanism of the super-long pile, this paper gained the distribution law of the axial force, tip resistance and side friction, and researched the influence of the groundwater rising on the load transfer mechanism; According to the test result of the distribution of additional stress under the bearing platform of the lager diameter over-length pile group, this paper got the distribution law and development law of the additional stress of the soil, and also the effecting ofgroundwater on it.
(3). Based on experimental data and existing theory, this paper have done initial research on the cap-pile-soil interaction with the lager diameter over-length pile group in the loess area, obtained the characteristic the load sharing between the pile and the bearing platform, the distribution characteristics of the additional stress of the soil under the bearing platform, and also gained the development law of the additional stress causing by the developing of the load and the settlement.
引文
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