粮仓测温系统的开发和应用
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摘要
无线通信,微电子技术,嵌入式及传感器技术的发展,特别是互联网技术的快速发展和应用,为研制低成本、先进的粮仓温度测试方法提供了基础。
本文针对传统粮仓监测方法的不足,提出并设计了一种基于嵌入式WEB服务器的,并将嵌入式技术、无线通信、网络技术应用其中的粮仓无线测温系统。
嵌入式WEB服务器作为系统的主控机,其主控芯片使用集成了以太网和SD/MMC控制器等外设的LPC2468 ARM微控制器,并搭载了无线数据收发模块,实现了数据的无线通讯;主控机软件以Keil RMDK的RTX实时操作系统为平台,建立了WEB服务器,实现多任务调度、实时监测、网络远程在线升级。
以数字温度传感器DS18B20为测温点的测温分机作为系统的数据采集终端,测温分机以LPC932A单片机为控制器,通过I2C接口控制DS2482-800总线转换芯片实现对以1-Wire总线方式连接在一起的测温传感器的测温操作,特别介绍了提高1-Wire总线驱动能力的方法。
测控分机集成了无线数据收发模块SWRF-508,接收来自于主控机的无线测温命令,并将测温分机测量到的温度通过无线方式传送给主控机;测控分机与测温分机之间使用RS485总线通信模式。
用户通过Internet浏览器访问嵌入式WEB服务器,便可方便地获得现场数据和历史数据。管理员可通过浏览器增删账号、修改设置粮仓信息和服务器的相关参数。
With the development of wireless communication, microelectronics, embedded and sensor technology, especially the internet, it becomes possible to design the lower cost and advanced measure method of granary temperature.
A kind of granary temperature measure system based on embedded WEB Server, and combined with wireless , embedded and network technology is designed in this paper.
The embedded WEB server is the Master Controller of the system; its control chip is LPC2468 ARM Microprocessor that incorporates many peripherals such as Ethernet Media Access controller and SD/MMC memory card interface. The Master Controller gets together with Wireless Data transmission module, and implements wireless communication. Its software adopt the RTX real time operation system of Keil RMDK as the platform, build the embedded WEB server, and multi-task switch, real time control and measure, remote update via internet can be realized.
Temperature Measure Controller is the data collection terminal of the system, and it is based on the digital temperature sensor DS18B20. LPC932A MCU is the control chip of the Temperature Measure Controller, and it control the DS2482-800(1-Wire bus to I2C bus transition chip) via the I2C bus, then send the temperature measure command and call back the temperature has been measured. Extraordinary the method of how to enhance the driver capability of the 1-Wire bus was introduced.
Wireless data module SWRF-508 is integrated in the Sub Controller .The Sub Controller receives measure command form Master controller, and send back the temperature values that given by Temperature Measure Controller. RS485 Bus communication mode was adopted between the Sub Controller and the Temperature Measure Controller.
Users access Embedded Server by Internet browser to get loca1e and history Data expedient1y. Administrators can add or delete accounts and modify or set information of granary and Parameters of Embedded server.
本文针对传统粮仓监测方法的不足,提出并设计了一种基于嵌入式WEB服务器的,并将嵌入式技术、无线通信、网络技术应用其中的粮仓无线测温系统。
嵌入式WEB服务器作为系统的主控机,其主控芯片使用集成了以太网和SD/MMC控制器等外设的LPC2468 ARM微控制器,并搭载了无线数据收发模块,实现了数据的无线通讯;主控机软件以Keil RMDK的RTX实时操作系统为平台,建立了WEB服务器,实现多任务调度、实时监测、网络远程在线升级。
以数字温度传感器DS18B20为测温点的测温分机作为系统的数据采集终端,测温分机以LPC932A单片机为控制器,通过I2C接口控制DS2482-800总线转换芯片实现对以1-Wire总线方式连接在一起的测温传感器的测温操作,特别介绍了提高1-Wire总线驱动能力的方法。
测控分机集成了无线数据收发模块SWRF-508,接收来自于主控机的无线测温命令,并将测温分机测量到的温度通过无线方式传送给主控机;测控分机与测温分机之间使用RS485总线通信模式。
用户通过Internet浏览器访问嵌入式WEB服务器,便可方便地获得现场数据和历史数据。管理员可通过浏览器增删账号、修改设置粮仓信息和服务器的相关参数。
With the development of wireless communication, microelectronics, embedded and sensor technology, especially the internet, it becomes possible to design the lower cost and advanced measure method of granary temperature.
A kind of granary temperature measure system based on embedded WEB Server, and combined with wireless , embedded and network technology is designed in this paper.
The embedded WEB server is the Master Controller of the system; its control chip is LPC2468 ARM Microprocessor that incorporates many peripherals such as Ethernet Media Access controller and SD/MMC memory card interface. The Master Controller gets together with Wireless Data transmission module, and implements wireless communication. Its software adopt the RTX real time operation system of Keil RMDK as the platform, build the embedded WEB server, and multi-task switch, real time control and measure, remote update via internet can be realized.
Temperature Measure Controller is the data collection terminal of the system, and it is based on the digital temperature sensor DS18B20. LPC932A MCU is the control chip of the Temperature Measure Controller, and it control the DS2482-800(1-Wire bus to I2C bus transition chip) via the I2C bus, then send the temperature measure command and call back the temperature has been measured. Extraordinary the method of how to enhance the driver capability of the 1-Wire bus was introduced.
Wireless data module SWRF-508 is integrated in the Sub Controller .The Sub Controller receives measure command form Master controller, and send back the temperature values that given by Temperature Measure Controller. RS485 Bus communication mode was adopted between the Sub Controller and the Temperature Measure Controller.
Users access Embedded Server by Internet browser to get loca1e and history Data expedient1y. Administrators can add or delete accounts and modify or set information of granary and Parameters of Embedded server.
引文
[1]徐广文,谢兆鸿,毛哲等.粮仓温度检测无线传输系统的研究[J].粮食储藏,2005,34(5):49-51.
[2]赫振方.粮情测控系统在粮食储藏中的应用[J].粮油食品科技,2001, 3:38-42
[3]张胜全,谢兆鸿.粮库温度集中监测系统的新技术[J].粮油仓储科技通讯,2002,2:15-16.
[4]毛哲,谢兆鸿,张胜全.粮情智能测控系统的研制[J].微计算机信息,2003,19(6):39-40.
[5]郑长征,毛哲,谢兆鸿.多个DS18B20在粮库测温系统中的应用[J].自动化技术与应用,2006,11:87-89.
[6]余笛,王力为,彭兵.分布式粮情检测控制系统的实现[J].计算机系统应用,2005,3:19-21.
[7]徐志远,陆王博,凌志浩.智能无线温度监测系统[J].测试测量技术与仪器,2006,10:34-36.
[8]李善姬,朴相范,金弘哲.粮食温度无线检测系统设计[J].微计算机信息,2005,21(10):93-94.
[9]高珀珀,邵时.低端嵌入式设备WEB服务器的研究与实现[J].计算机工程,2005,31(10):219-221.
[10]仲崇权,鲁辛凯,李卓函,温立群.基于嵌入式Web远程监控的研究与应用[J].仪器仪表学报,2006,27(6):575-579.
[11]方正尔,王燕.嵌入式技术及其应用[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2008:98.
[12] Douglas E.Comer.计算机网络与因特网[M].第三版(影印版).北京:清华大学出版社,1998:3.
[13]李腊元,李春林.计算机网络技术[M].第一版.北京:国防工业出版社,2001:4.
[14]魏景光.在Internet上开发高校图书馆的WWW信息服务系统[J].现代图书馆情报技术,1999,增刊,第72期.112-115.
[15] Jean J.Labrosse.袁勤勇黄绍金唐菁译.嵌入式系统构建[M].第一版.北京:机械工业出版社,2002:2.
[16] [美]Daniel J.Berlin,et a1.精通CGI编程.北京:清华大学出版社,1998:8.
[17]杨虎等.CGI步步高[M].第一版.北京:机械工业出版社,2001:10.
[18]郑伟,徐荣华,王钦若.嵌入式Linux系统CGI程序设计技术[J].单片机及嵌入式系统应用,2004,10:2l.
[19]田泽.嵌入式系统开发与应用[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2005:107.
[20] NRF905 Single Chip 443/868/915 MHz Radio Transceiver. Nordic VLSI ASA,2004.7.6.
[21]朱健春,陈伟.基于nRF905射频收发模块的设计[J].电器技术,2006,6:42-45
[22]郑长征,毛哲,谢兆鸿.nRF903在粮库测温系统中的应用[J].现代电子技术,2006,29(21):100-102.
[23]张晓健,MSP430和nRF905的无线数传系统设计[J].单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2006,2:68-70.
[24]金保华,张用,崔光照.基于nRF905的无线数据多点跳传通信系统[J].仪表技术与传感器,2004,9:39-40.
[25]赏星耀.射频芯片nRF905在无线测温系统中的应用[J].机电工程,2005,22(10):42-45.
[26] uVision3 User Guide. Keil Corporation, January 2007.
[27] RL-ARM User Guide. Keil Corporation, January 2008.
[28] MCB2400 User Guide. Keil Corporation, December 2007.
[29] Introduction to the Real View Compilation Tools for uVision. Keil Corporation, January 2007.
[30] UM10237 LPC24XX User manual Rev.02. NXP Semiconductors, 19 December 2008.
[31] DM9161A 10/100Mbps Fast Ethernet Physical Layer Single Chip Transceiver. DAVICOM Semiconductor Inc,Jan.19.2005.
[32] SWRF-508(V2.1)无线模块使用说明书,上海桑锐电子科技有限公司,2006
[33]马忠梅. ARM体系结构与编程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002:35.
[34]探矽工作室.嵌入式开发圣经[M].北京:中国青年出版社,2002.
[35] PHILIPS单片16/32位微控制器-LPC2101/2102/2103.广州周立功单片机发展有限公司,2004.
[36] RS485选型及应用指南.广州周立功单片机发展有限公司,2004-11-29.
[37] SP3485 High-Fanout RS-485 Transceiver, Sipex Corporation, 2000.
[38] P89LPC932A1 Product data sheet. VERSION 1.3. NXP Semiconductors,2004.8.31.
[39]周立功.LPC900系列Flash单片机应用技术[M].北京:京航空航天大学出版社,2004.
[40] DS2482-800 Eight-Channel 1-Wire Master, AXIM DALLAS Semiconductor, REV 110204, 2008.
[41]李钢,彦峰.1-Wire总线数字温度传感器DS18B20原理及应用[J].现代电子技术,2005,21:7-79.
[42] 1-Wire单总线的基本原理. MAXIM Semiconductor,2000.
[43] DS18B20 Programmable Resolution 1-Wire Digital Thermometer. MAXIM DALLAS Semiconductor,2000.
[44]郑启忠.数字温度传感器DS18B20及无线测温系统设计[J].微型机与应用,2004,11:16-19.
[45] How to Use the DS2482 I2C 1-Wire Master, MAXIM, Dec17, 2008.
[46] The I2C-Bus Specification. Version 2.1,.NXP Semiconductors, January 2000.
[2]赫振方.粮情测控系统在粮食储藏中的应用[J].粮油食品科技,2001, 3:38-42
[3]张胜全,谢兆鸿.粮库温度集中监测系统的新技术[J].粮油仓储科技通讯,2002,2:15-16.
[4]毛哲,谢兆鸿,张胜全.粮情智能测控系统的研制[J].微计算机信息,2003,19(6):39-40.
[5]郑长征,毛哲,谢兆鸿.多个DS18B20在粮库测温系统中的应用[J].自动化技术与应用,2006,11:87-89.
[6]余笛,王力为,彭兵.分布式粮情检测控制系统的实现[J].计算机系统应用,2005,3:19-21.
[7]徐志远,陆王博,凌志浩.智能无线温度监测系统[J].测试测量技术与仪器,2006,10:34-36.
[8]李善姬,朴相范,金弘哲.粮食温度无线检测系统设计[J].微计算机信息,2005,21(10):93-94.
[9]高珀珀,邵时.低端嵌入式设备WEB服务器的研究与实现[J].计算机工程,2005,31(10):219-221.
[10]仲崇权,鲁辛凯,李卓函,温立群.基于嵌入式Web远程监控的研究与应用[J].仪器仪表学报,2006,27(6):575-579.
[11]方正尔,王燕.嵌入式技术及其应用[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2008:98.
[12] Douglas E.Comer.计算机网络与因特网[M].第三版(影印版).北京:清华大学出版社,1998:3.
[13]李腊元,李春林.计算机网络技术[M].第一版.北京:国防工业出版社,2001:4.
[14]魏景光.在Internet上开发高校图书馆的WWW信息服务系统[J].现代图书馆情报技术,1999,增刊,第72期.112-115.
[15] Jean J.Labrosse.袁勤勇黄绍金唐菁译.嵌入式系统构建[M].第一版.北京:机械工业出版社,2002:2.
[16] [美]Daniel J.Berlin,et a1.精通CGI编程.北京:清华大学出版社,1998:8.
[17]杨虎等.CGI步步高[M].第一版.北京:机械工业出版社,2001:10.
[18]郑伟,徐荣华,王钦若.嵌入式Linux系统CGI程序设计技术[J].单片机及嵌入式系统应用,2004,10:2l.
[19]田泽.嵌入式系统开发与应用[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2005:107.
[20] NRF905 Single Chip 443/868/915 MHz Radio Transceiver. Nordic VLSI ASA,2004.7.6.
[21]朱健春,陈伟.基于nRF905射频收发模块的设计[J].电器技术,2006,6:42-45
[22]郑长征,毛哲,谢兆鸿.nRF903在粮库测温系统中的应用[J].现代电子技术,2006,29(21):100-102.
[23]张晓健,MSP430和nRF905的无线数传系统设计[J].单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2006,2:68-70.
[24]金保华,张用,崔光照.基于nRF905的无线数据多点跳传通信系统[J].仪表技术与传感器,2004,9:39-40.
[25]赏星耀.射频芯片nRF905在无线测温系统中的应用[J].机电工程,2005,22(10):42-45.
[26] uVision3 User Guide. Keil Corporation, January 2007.
[27] RL-ARM User Guide. Keil Corporation, January 2008.
[28] MCB2400 User Guide. Keil Corporation, December 2007.
[29] Introduction to the Real View Compilation Tools for uVision. Keil Corporation, January 2007.
[30] UM10237 LPC24XX User manual Rev.02. NXP Semiconductors, 19 December 2008.
[31] DM9161A 10/100Mbps Fast Ethernet Physical Layer Single Chip Transceiver. DAVICOM Semiconductor Inc,Jan.19.2005.
[32] SWRF-508(V2.1)无线模块使用说明书,上海桑锐电子科技有限公司,2006
[33]马忠梅. ARM体系结构与编程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002:35.
[34]探矽工作室.嵌入式开发圣经[M].北京:中国青年出版社,2002.
[35] PHILIPS单片16/32位微控制器-LPC2101/2102/2103.广州周立功单片机发展有限公司,2004.
[36] RS485选型及应用指南.广州周立功单片机发展有限公司,2004-11-29.
[37] SP3485 High-Fanout RS-485 Transceiver, Sipex Corporation, 2000.
[38] P89LPC932A1 Product data sheet. VERSION 1.3. NXP Semiconductors,2004.8.31.
[39]周立功.LPC900系列Flash单片机应用技术[M].北京:京航空航天大学出版社,2004.
[40] DS2482-800 Eight-Channel 1-Wire Master, AXIM DALLAS Semiconductor, REV 110204, 2008.
[41]李钢,彦峰.1-Wire总线数字温度传感器DS18B20原理及应用[J].现代电子技术,2005,21:7-79.
[42] 1-Wire单总线的基本原理. MAXIM Semiconductor,2000.
[43] DS18B20 Programmable Resolution 1-Wire Digital Thermometer. MAXIM DALLAS Semiconductor,2000.
[44]郑启忠.数字温度传感器DS18B20及无线测温系统设计[J].微型机与应用,2004,11:16-19.
[45] How to Use the DS2482 I2C 1-Wire Master, MAXIM, Dec17, 2008.
[46] The I2C-Bus Specification. Version 2.1,.NXP Semiconductors, January 2000.