GPS接收机软件的开发与实现
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摘要
全球卫星定位系统(GPS)是新一代精密卫星导航定位系统。它所具有的高精度、全天候、全球覆盖能力等诸多优点是其他导航设备所无法比拟的。正因为如此,GPS现已在军事及民用领域得到极为广泛的应用。而接收设备作为其重要的组成部分更是发展迅速,新技术不断出现,产品升级换代很快。
本文基于GPS用户接收机设备的研制背景,主要着重介绍了接收机的软件实现部分,尤其对通道处理部分做了详细的论述。通道部分是用户接收机的核心部分,它主要完成信号的捕获跟踪、位同步、帧同步,这些都直接关系着接收机的性能。在GPS接收机具体研制中,软件是GPS接收机实现的关键,运行在TI高速DSP芯片TMS320C6713中,定位解算主要通过软件完成。
论文首先从GPS接收机的测距交会定位原理出发,简要介绍了GPS卫星星座的构成、GPS信号构成和GPS导航电文。阐述了接收机软件的整体设计以及软件核心模块在DSP上的实现。对系统的软硬件资源做了规划,设计了软件模块结构图和实时任务的控制及数据流图,然后对其中的关键模块进行了详细的分析和设计。对于接收机中应用到的关键性技术,如信号捕获跟踪、信号同步等进行了深入的分析和讨论。最后通过测试验证了接收机具备了信号捕获跟踪、位同步、帧同步、导航解算功能,达到了设计的要求。
Global Position System (GPS) is a new-generation precise positioning system. It has some advantages that others don't have, such as high precision, all-weather suitability, and total global coverage. GPS is widely used in both military and civil field. In this case, GPS receiver as one of important part of GPS is developing rapidly and new technology upgrade rapidly.
The thesis is based on the background of developing the GPS receiver equipment. The development and the software implementation of the receiver, especially on the channel, are presented. The channel that is the core of the receiver, mainly completes acquisition and tracking, bit/frame synchronization, which are directly related to the receiver. The software is the key to the GPS receiver, because it accomplishes the position computation. The software is running on the TMS320C6713.
In the thesis ,the constitutes of GPS constellation ,WGS-84 coordination system for GPS positioning, and universal GPS timing system are precisely introduced .Then it describes the overall design of receiver software and the core modules of software realize on DSP. Firstly, we assign the software/hardware resource of system and design the software module structure, the control of the real-time tasks and the data flow graph. Then, the significant modules are respectively described. Several key technologies applied in user receiver equipment are researched, including signal acquisition and tracking, signal synchronization, etc. At the last, the equipment is verified by using general test equipment. The test results indicate that the user receiver has the functions of acquisition and tracking, bit/frame synchronization and navigation solution. And the receiver has satisfied the demand of the design.
本文基于GPS用户接收机设备的研制背景,主要着重介绍了接收机的软件实现部分,尤其对通道处理部分做了详细的论述。通道部分是用户接收机的核心部分,它主要完成信号的捕获跟踪、位同步、帧同步,这些都直接关系着接收机的性能。在GPS接收机具体研制中,软件是GPS接收机实现的关键,运行在TI高速DSP芯片TMS320C6713中,定位解算主要通过软件完成。
论文首先从GPS接收机的测距交会定位原理出发,简要介绍了GPS卫星星座的构成、GPS信号构成和GPS导航电文。阐述了接收机软件的整体设计以及软件核心模块在DSP上的实现。对系统的软硬件资源做了规划,设计了软件模块结构图和实时任务的控制及数据流图,然后对其中的关键模块进行了详细的分析和设计。对于接收机中应用到的关键性技术,如信号捕获跟踪、信号同步等进行了深入的分析和讨论。最后通过测试验证了接收机具备了信号捕获跟踪、位同步、帧同步、导航解算功能,达到了设计的要求。
Global Position System (GPS) is a new-generation precise positioning system. It has some advantages that others don't have, such as high precision, all-weather suitability, and total global coverage. GPS is widely used in both military and civil field. In this case, GPS receiver as one of important part of GPS is developing rapidly and new technology upgrade rapidly.
The thesis is based on the background of developing the GPS receiver equipment. The development and the software implementation of the receiver, especially on the channel, are presented. The channel that is the core of the receiver, mainly completes acquisition and tracking, bit/frame synchronization, which are directly related to the receiver. The software is the key to the GPS receiver, because it accomplishes the position computation. The software is running on the TMS320C6713.
In the thesis ,the constitutes of GPS constellation ,WGS-84 coordination system for GPS positioning, and universal GPS timing system are precisely introduced .Then it describes the overall design of receiver software and the core modules of software realize on DSP. Firstly, we assign the software/hardware resource of system and design the software module structure, the control of the real-time tasks and the data flow graph. Then, the significant modules are respectively described. Several key technologies applied in user receiver equipment are researched, including signal acquisition and tracking, signal synchronization, etc. At the last, the equipment is verified by using general test equipment. The test results indicate that the user receiver has the functions of acquisition and tracking, bit/frame synchronization and navigation solution. And the receiver has satisfied the demand of the design.
引文
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[3]Viterbi,Gilhousen,K.S.and Zehavi.E.Soft Handof Extends CDMA CellCo verage and Increases Reverse Link Capacity.I EEE.S elected Areas in Commu n.1994.12(8).1281-1288
[4]孙礼,王银峰等.GPS信号捕获与跟踪策略确定及实现.北京航空航天大学学报.1999年4月 第25卷 第2期134-137
[5]杨列量,李承恕.基于剩余数系统的直接序列扩频多址通信方式及其性能.电子学报.1996.24(7).17-22
[6]Fredrik Johansson GPS Satellite Signal Acquisition and Trackin.August 21.1998
[7]Viterbie to.Large Capacity of a Power Controlled CDMA System.IEEESel ected A reasin Commun.1993.11(6).892-900
[8]L.C.Quynh.S.Prasad.New Class of Sequence Sets with Good Auto-Crosscorrtion Fu nctions.IEEE Proc.1986.133(3).255-278
[9]H.T.Nicholas Ⅲ.H.Samueli.A 150-MHz direct digital frequency synthesizer in 1.25-um CMOS with-90-dBc spurious performance.IEEE J.Solid-State Circuits.Dec.1991.vol.26.No.12.1959-1969
[10]Joseph.Software Radio Architecture:A Mathematical Perspective.IEEE.Joumalon Selected A reasin Communications.19 99,17(4).514-537
[11]Walter.H,WTuttlebee.Software Radio Technology:A European Perspective.IEEE C ommunications Magazines.1999,37(2).118-123
[12]Tom A.D.Riley,Miles A.Copeland,Tad A.Kwasniewski.Delta-Sigma Modulation in Fractional-N Frequency Synthesis.IEEE J.Solid-state Circuits.1993.Vol.28.NO.5.553-559
[13]邱致和,王万义译.GPS原理与应用.北京.电子工业出版社.2002
[14]TMS320C6713 Float-Point Digital Processor.Texas Instruments Incorporated.Nov.2005
[15]TMS320C6x Peripheral Support Library Programmer' s Reference,Texas Instruments Incorporated.July 1998
[16]TMS320C6000 DSP/BIOS User' s Guide.Texas Instruments Incorporated.May 2000
[17]TMS320C6000 DSP Enhanced Direct Memory Access(EDMA)Controller Reference Guide.March 2005
[18]Creating a Second Level Bootloader on TMS320C6000 Platform With CCS.Texas Instruments Incorporated.August 2004
[19]TMS320C6000 Assembly Language Tools v 6.0 Beta User's Guide.Texas Instruments Incorporated.July 2005
[2]Kenneib S.Scbneider.Optimum Detector of Code Division Multiplexed Singnals.IEEET rans.OnA erospacea ndE lectronicS ystems.1979.15(1).181-185
[3]Viterbi,Gilhousen,K.S.and Zehavi.E.Soft Handof Extends CDMA CellCo verage and Increases Reverse Link Capacity.I EEE.S elected Areas in Commu n.1994.12(8).1281-1288
[4]孙礼,王银峰等.GPS信号捕获与跟踪策略确定及实现.北京航空航天大学学报.1999年4月 第25卷 第2期134-137
[5]杨列量,李承恕.基于剩余数系统的直接序列扩频多址通信方式及其性能.电子学报.1996.24(7).17-22
[6]Fredrik Johansson GPS Satellite Signal Acquisition and Trackin.August 21.1998
[7]Viterbie to.Large Capacity of a Power Controlled CDMA System.IEEESel ected A reasin Commun.1993.11(6).892-900
[8]L.C.Quynh.S.Prasad.New Class of Sequence Sets with Good Auto-Crosscorrtion Fu nctions.IEEE Proc.1986.133(3).255-278
[9]H.T.Nicholas Ⅲ.H.Samueli.A 150-MHz direct digital frequency synthesizer in 1.25-um CMOS with-90-dBc spurious performance.IEEE J.Solid-State Circuits.Dec.1991.vol.26.No.12.1959-1969
[10]Joseph.Software Radio Architecture:A Mathematical Perspective.IEEE.Joumalon Selected A reasin Communications.19 99,17(4).514-537
[11]Walter.H,WTuttlebee.Software Radio Technology:A European Perspective.IEEE C ommunications Magazines.1999,37(2).118-123
[12]Tom A.D.Riley,Miles A.Copeland,Tad A.Kwasniewski.Delta-Sigma Modulation in Fractional-N Frequency Synthesis.IEEE J.Solid-state Circuits.1993.Vol.28.NO.5.553-559
[13]邱致和,王万义译.GPS原理与应用.北京.电子工业出版社.2002
[14]TMS320C6713 Float-Point Digital Processor.Texas Instruments Incorporated.Nov.2005
[15]TMS320C6x Peripheral Support Library Programmer' s Reference,Texas Instruments Incorporated.July 1998
[16]TMS320C6000 DSP/BIOS User' s Guide.Texas Instruments Incorporated.May 2000
[17]TMS320C6000 DSP Enhanced Direct Memory Access(EDMA)Controller Reference Guide.March 2005
[18]Creating a Second Level Bootloader on TMS320C6000 Platform With CCS.Texas Instruments Incorporated.August 2004
[19]TMS320C6000 Assembly Language Tools v 6.0 Beta User's Guide.Texas Instruments Incorporated.July 2005