电渗析技术在糠醛废水处理中的应用研究
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摘要
电渗析技术是分离电解质和非电解质的有效方法之一,利用这个方法来分离糠醛废水中的醋酸,不仅可处理糠醛废水,而且可回收醋酸资源,这个过程一直受到人们的重视。本文主要开展了以下研究工作:
(1)操作参数对电渗析法处理糠醛废水影响因素的研究
研究了电压、温度、料液流速、料液醋酸浓度等因素对电渗析法处理糠醛废水过程中醋酸去除率、电流效率的影响,通过正交实验确定了影响醋酸去除率的主要因素和次要因素,选择了最佳操作条件,为电渗析法处理糠醛废水提供了理论依据。
(2)电渗析技术在糠醛废水处理中的应用研究
在最佳操作条件下研究了电渗析法处理糠醛废水的过程中醋酸浓度、电导率、电流密度、能耗等变化规律,以及不同的运行方式对处理效果的影响。
研究结果表明,应用电渗析法处理糠醛废水是一种高效的处理方法,该方法工艺简单,灵活性大,适应性强,能量消耗低,是比较理想的醋酸分离方法。
Furfural cannot be synthesized by petrochemical material but produced by scraps of plant fibers, as an important organic chemical material. It is used widely in the callings of foundry, medicament, chemical industry, pesticide, petroleum, synthetic resin, and foodstuff. Because of its simple production technology, less investment and abundance materials , after several decades development our country has already became one of most important furfural produced and exported country of the world. But due to the wastewater of furfural companies could not reached let standard in our country, which increase the conflict between economy development and environment protection. Therefore, to grope for an applied and accord with the situation of our country furfural wastewater treatment method is necessary, it has practical significance to the furfural enterprise development and national economy .
In this thesis, we discuss the pivotal problems of electrodialysis techniques which existed in furfural waste water treatment process by electrodialysis and rectify method .
The results demonstrated effects of voltage, flow rate, temperature, acetic acid concentration of solution on acetic acid movement, that voltage and flow rate have more impact . By taguchi experiment finds that increase voltage、 temperature and flow rate acetic acid movement increased, when voltage、temperature、acetic acid concentration of solution、flow rate are corresponding 20V、40℃、1%、60L/h the acetic acid movement is the highest.
The results with different furfural waste water treatment modes indicate that under optimal condition, electrodialysis technology is a useful method to remove acetic acid from furfural waste water, acetic acid concentration decrease from 1.45% to 0.08%, furthermore the volume of diluted solution change a little. Compare two different operated mode(concentrated、diluted solution circulate and concentrated solution unchanged ), the result of concentration keep unchanged mode is better, has higher current efficiency and the volume of diluted solution changed less.
(1)操作参数对电渗析法处理糠醛废水影响因素的研究
研究了电压、温度、料液流速、料液醋酸浓度等因素对电渗析法处理糠醛废水过程中醋酸去除率、电流效率的影响,通过正交实验确定了影响醋酸去除率的主要因素和次要因素,选择了最佳操作条件,为电渗析法处理糠醛废水提供了理论依据。
(2)电渗析技术在糠醛废水处理中的应用研究
在最佳操作条件下研究了电渗析法处理糠醛废水的过程中醋酸浓度、电导率、电流密度、能耗等变化规律,以及不同的运行方式对处理效果的影响。
研究结果表明,应用电渗析法处理糠醛废水是一种高效的处理方法,该方法工艺简单,灵活性大,适应性强,能量消耗低,是比较理想的醋酸分离方法。
Furfural cannot be synthesized by petrochemical material but produced by scraps of plant fibers, as an important organic chemical material. It is used widely in the callings of foundry, medicament, chemical industry, pesticide, petroleum, synthetic resin, and foodstuff. Because of its simple production technology, less investment and abundance materials , after several decades development our country has already became one of most important furfural produced and exported country of the world. But due to the wastewater of furfural companies could not reached let standard in our country, which increase the conflict between economy development and environment protection. Therefore, to grope for an applied and accord with the situation of our country furfural wastewater treatment method is necessary, it has practical significance to the furfural enterprise development and national economy .
In this thesis, we discuss the pivotal problems of electrodialysis techniques which existed in furfural waste water treatment process by electrodialysis and rectify method .
The results demonstrated effects of voltage, flow rate, temperature, acetic acid concentration of solution on acetic acid movement, that voltage and flow rate have more impact . By taguchi experiment finds that increase voltage、 temperature and flow rate acetic acid movement increased, when voltage、temperature、acetic acid concentration of solution、flow rate are corresponding 20V、40℃、1%、60L/h the acetic acid movement is the highest.
The results with different furfural waste water treatment modes indicate that under optimal condition, electrodialysis technology is a useful method to remove acetic acid from furfural waste water, acetic acid concentration decrease from 1.45% to 0.08%, furthermore the volume of diluted solution change a little. Compare two different operated mode(concentrated、diluted solution circulate and concentrated solution unchanged ), the result of concentration keep unchanged mode is better, has higher current efficiency and the volume of diluted solution changed less.
引文
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[2] 杨金贤,张军良,叶彦春. 双极性膜电渗析技术及应用[J]. 化工新型材料,2004,12(7):34-39
[3] 王振堃，张怀明，孙立成. 电渗析和反渗透[J]. 电化学,1981,11(7):76-77
[4] 唐宇,王晓琳,龚燕. 双极膜电渗析理论与应用的研究进展[J]. 化工进展,2004,10(12):56-60
[5] 徐铜文. 双极膜的理论及应用展望[J]. 水处理技术,1998,24(1):20-25
[6] 廖尚志,莫剑雄. 双极膜的发展和应用[J]. 水处理技术,1995,21(6):311-318
[7] 于万波. 等电流电渗析模型脱盐实验[J]. 水处理技术,2004,8(9):34-39
[8] Ed M .van der Ent,Tom P. H . Thielen,and Jos T. F. Keurentjes. Electrodialysis System for Large-Scale Enantiomer Separation. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res, 2001, 4(5):6021-6027
[9] 孙继辉. 世界糠醛生产与消费概况[J]. 化工设计, 1995,6 (4): 52.-54
[10] 于景明. 糠醛深加工初探[J]. 天津化工,1997,2:7-10
[11] 东北师范大学环境科学研究所.北京燕联乾安化工有限公司年产 3000 吨糠醛项目环境影响报告书
[12] 东北师范大学环境科学研究所.梅河口市鑫晟原化工有限公司年产 2500 吨糠醛项目环境影响报告书
[13] 东北师范大学环境科学研究所. 吉林圣泉倍进化工有限公司年产 5000 吨糠醛建设项目环境影响报告书
[14] 欧阳玉祝. 铁屑微电解法预处理酿酒废水的研究[J]. 工业水处理,2001,21(10):16-18
[15] Chin-Pao Huang, Huang-Wen Wang, Pei-Chun Chin. Nitrate reduction by metallic iron[J]. Wat. Res , 1998,32(8):2257-2264
[16] 栗勇田,许明等. 糠醛废水处理工程实例[J]. 矿业与地质, 2005,19(6):735-737
[17] 何成达,王永广等.内电解厌氧工艺处理染料化工废水的研究[J]. 工业水处理,2001,21(11):14-16
[18] 黄玉茹. 内电解法处理糠醛废水的工程应用研究[J]. 江苏环境科技 2006,19(2):17-18
[19] 陈水平. 铁屑内电解法处理船舶含油废水的研究[J]. 水处理技术 1999,25(5):303-306
[20] 曹加胜. 零价铁还原降解活性染料[J]. 环境化学,1999,18(2):152-156
[21] Arnold W.A.et al .Pathways and kinetics of chlorinated ethylene and chlorinated acetylene reaction with Fe particles[J]. Environ.Sci.&Technol 200,34(9):1794-1801
[22] 周丹娜. 不同铁盐的光解对水溶性染料溶液的脱色研究[J]. 水处理技术,1998,24(3):157-161
[23] 白天雄. 碱性和弱酸性染料混合废水处理方法[J]. 化工环保,2000,20(3):21-23
[24] 杨玉杰. 铁屑法处理活性艳红废水动力学模型[J]. 化工环保,1996,16(3):137-141
[25] 程沧沧,胡德文等. 微电解—光催化氧化法处理印染废水[J]. 水处理技术,2005,31(7):46-47
[26] 刘红丽,邹联沛等. 微电解-UASB-MBR 法联用处理抗生素废水的实验研究[J]. 化学工程师,2005,116(15):1-4
[27] 余宗学. 微电解处理间二硝基苯生产废水的研究[J]. 环境科学与技术,2004,27(3)68-69
[28] 姚杏明. 微电解催化氧化处理对二硝基苯胺系列废水的研究[J]. 环境工程,2001,19(3):26-27
[29] 史敬伟,杨晓东等. 铁炭微电解法预处理制药废水的研究[J]. 辽宁化工,2006,35(4):211-213
[30] 任伟,内电解-厌氧-好氧工艺处理高浓度糠醛废水[J]. 环境污染治理技术与设备,2005,6(4):70-72
[31] 刘汝鹏,于水利等. 双氧水强化微电解法深度处理造纸中段废水的研究[J]. 工业给排水,2006,32(3):48-51
[32] 郭中权等. 铁炭微电解—ClO2 催化氧化处理酮康唑废水[J]. 环境污染治理技术与设备,2005,30(4):71-73
[33] 姜波,杨丽等. 铁炭微电解 Fenton 试剂法在炼油厂脱硫废碱液预处理中的应用[J]. 辽宁师范大学学报(自然科学版)2006,29(1):77-79
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