陕西工业化发展战略研究
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摘要
工业化是推动国家或地区经济增长的主题。陕西属于欠发达地区,正处于工业化中期起步阶段,科学确定其发展战略至关重要。现有的工业化理论和实践,为陕西工业化战略的制定提供了有益借鉴,并启示我们应在遵循工业化基本规律的前提下,综合考虑陕西工业化发展的基础条件和约束条件,包括其特有的发展历史、产业基础、资源环境以及社会文化等,提出符合陕西实际的工业化评价指标体系,按照与现代化总体战略相适应、依托比较优势、重视技术进步、着眼可持续发展、坚持以人为本、注重统筹协调的要求,把区域发展战略、产业发展战略、对外开放战略、科技发展战略、城镇化发展战略作为全面推进陕西工业化的重点,从推进可持续发展、产业集聚、城乡统筹以及科技创新等方面设计陕西工业化发展战略的实现路径,揭示陕西工业化发展的趋势和规律,创新工业化发展战略思维。
During the British Industrial Revolution in the 18th century, the first Industrial Revolution signaled the beginning of the industrialization in human society. The subsequent second and third Industrial Revolution further improved the industrial development all over the world. According to the development process in the world, while all of the developed countries are currently highly industrialized, almost all of the developing countries still stay at a poor level regarding their industrialization. Therefore, industrialization begins to become a primary driver for the national or local economic development. However, for the time being, a lot of problems exist in China, such as the big difference in economic development across regions and poor level of industrialization. Accordingly, how to improve the overall industrialization, especially the industrialization in the western area of China, and how to realize the future prospect of China are now of an increasing interest and need to be answered by Chinese government.
Shaanxi is a highly representative and typical region that locates in the western China. With abundant mineral resources, Shaanxi has experienced "three-line construction," "reform and opening", "Development of West" and other national development strategies. However, the development of industrialization in Shaanxi still relatively lags behind the central and eastern regions of China and even worse, the gap is broadening. Therefore, the development of Shaanxi Province is like a microcosm of the western China's development. To this end, research on Shaanxi's industrialization process has a significant importance on implementing the scientific concept of development, enhancing the western development strategy, coordinating regional development in China, and finally building a well-off society. The current paper therefore seeks to address those problems.
With a focus on the theme of the development strategy of industrialization in Shaanxi, the present study is divided into eight sections, including the following four sections. First section is the review of relevant theories concerning the industrialization, namely, the review of origin and evolution process of theories of domestic and international industrialization. This review summarizes and evaluates the contributions brought by domestic and international economic field on the theoretical research on industrialization from the perspective of influential factors, theoretical support, practical methods, and development strategy. In addition, this review re-defines the concept of industrialization and revealed its meaning and characteristics with the help of relevant research. Second section reviewed the industrial development in Shaanxi Province and examined its current situation. This section is then divided into two subsections. First, through a review of the industrialization development process during the period of "Five-year Plan Period", "reform and opening" and "Development of West", this paper analyzed several basic characteristics, like the dual structure, the heavy industry and so on. Secondly, on the basis of the analysis of the basic evaluation index system of industrialization, this paper builds a comprehensive evaluation index system using the existing theories. Accordingly, this paper conducts a quantitative analysis for the industrialization development of Shaanxi Province and identified the factors that restrict its further development, which provided the practical support for the current paper. The third section covers the discussion of the domestic and international experience and enlightenment regarding the industrialization strategy. In detail, in this section, this paper compared the industrialization development strategy among UK, USA, Germany, Japan, the former Soviet Union and East Asia, took into concern the different geographical characteristics, summarized their development experience, especially their inspiration for Shaanxi’s industrialization development with regard to the prerequisites of industrialization, stage of development, and the choice of appropriate approaches. The fourth section is about the strategic concept of industrialization and its realization in Shaanxi. Specifically, this paper analyzed the subjective and objective conditions of industrialization in Shaanxi in terms of the strengths, weaknesses, and specificity. In addition, this paper absorbed the advanced experience from both domestic and international industrialization, started from the general development model, put forward the guiding ideology and basic principles of industrialization for Shaanxi, and further proposed industrialization development strategy and the emphasis of implementation according to the objective reality of Shaanxi Province. Moreover, this paper designed the path for Shaanxi Province to achieve its industrialization from the perspectives of sustainable development, industrial concentration, urban-rural integration, and the allocation of science and technology resources.
In all, this paper reviewed a comprehensive set of theories regarding industrialization, drew on advanced domestic and international experience, considered the constraints of industrialization in Shaanxi Province, analyzed the industrialization process in Shaanxi with the help of scientific theories and methods, and designed appropriate strategies of industrialization development. Consequently, this paper revealed the trends and patterns of industrialization in Shaanxi and exerted a meaning effect on Shaanxi’s industrialization. Moreover, this paper summarized the previous experience and lessons in development of industrialization, tried to design innovate industrial development strategy, provided ideas for the future theoretical research on China’s industrialization, and eventually yielded both theoretical and practical contributions for the future research.
During the British Industrial Revolution in the 18th century, the first Industrial Revolution signaled the beginning of the industrialization in human society. The subsequent second and third Industrial Revolution further improved the industrial development all over the world. According to the development process in the world, while all of the developed countries are currently highly industrialized, almost all of the developing countries still stay at a poor level regarding their industrialization. Therefore, industrialization begins to become a primary driver for the national or local economic development. However, for the time being, a lot of problems exist in China, such as the big difference in economic development across regions and poor level of industrialization. Accordingly, how to improve the overall industrialization, especially the industrialization in the western area of China, and how to realize the future prospect of China are now of an increasing interest and need to be answered by Chinese government.
Shaanxi is a highly representative and typical region that locates in the western China. With abundant mineral resources, Shaanxi has experienced "three-line construction," "reform and opening", "Development of West" and other national development strategies. However, the development of industrialization in Shaanxi still relatively lags behind the central and eastern regions of China and even worse, the gap is broadening. Therefore, the development of Shaanxi Province is like a microcosm of the western China's development. To this end, research on Shaanxi's industrialization process has a significant importance on implementing the scientific concept of development, enhancing the western development strategy, coordinating regional development in China, and finally building a well-off society. The current paper therefore seeks to address those problems.
With a focus on the theme of the development strategy of industrialization in Shaanxi, the present study is divided into eight sections, including the following four sections. First section is the review of relevant theories concerning the industrialization, namely, the review of origin and evolution process of theories of domestic and international industrialization. This review summarizes and evaluates the contributions brought by domestic and international economic field on the theoretical research on industrialization from the perspective of influential factors, theoretical support, practical methods, and development strategy. In addition, this review re-defines the concept of industrialization and revealed its meaning and characteristics with the help of relevant research. Second section reviewed the industrial development in Shaanxi Province and examined its current situation. This section is then divided into two subsections. First, through a review of the industrialization development process during the period of "Five-year Plan Period", "reform and opening" and "Development of West", this paper analyzed several basic characteristics, like the dual structure, the heavy industry and so on. Secondly, on the basis of the analysis of the basic evaluation index system of industrialization, this paper builds a comprehensive evaluation index system using the existing theories. Accordingly, this paper conducts a quantitative analysis for the industrialization development of Shaanxi Province and identified the factors that restrict its further development, which provided the practical support for the current paper. The third section covers the discussion of the domestic and international experience and enlightenment regarding the industrialization strategy. In detail, in this section, this paper compared the industrialization development strategy among UK, USA, Germany, Japan, the former Soviet Union and East Asia, took into concern the different geographical characteristics, summarized their development experience, especially their inspiration for Shaanxi’s industrialization development with regard to the prerequisites of industrialization, stage of development, and the choice of appropriate approaches. The fourth section is about the strategic concept of industrialization and its realization in Shaanxi. Specifically, this paper analyzed the subjective and objective conditions of industrialization in Shaanxi in terms of the strengths, weaknesses, and specificity. In addition, this paper absorbed the advanced experience from both domestic and international industrialization, started from the general development model, put forward the guiding ideology and basic principles of industrialization for Shaanxi, and further proposed industrialization development strategy and the emphasis of implementation according to the objective reality of Shaanxi Province. Moreover, this paper designed the path for Shaanxi Province to achieve its industrialization from the perspectives of sustainable development, industrial concentration, urban-rural integration, and the allocation of science and technology resources.
In all, this paper reviewed a comprehensive set of theories regarding industrialization, drew on advanced domestic and international experience, considered the constraints of industrialization in Shaanxi Province, analyzed the industrialization process in Shaanxi with the help of scientific theories and methods, and designed appropriate strategies of industrialization development. Consequently, this paper revealed the trends and patterns of industrialization in Shaanxi and exerted a meaning effect on Shaanxi’s industrialization. Moreover, this paper summarized the previous experience and lessons in development of industrialization, tried to design innovate industrial development strategy, provided ideas for the future theoretical research on China’s industrialization, and eventually yielded both theoretical and practical contributions for the future research.
引文
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