钢筋混凝土空心剪力墙刚度退化试验研究及框—剪结构中应用方法分析
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摘要
上个世纪九十年代以来，随着安居工程的实施和小康住宅的推进，我国居民对住宅的需要量急剧增加；同时，由于可持续发展战略的全面开展，在建筑领域内正在进行墙体改革与建筑节能。从我国今后住宅体系的走势来看，采用框架-剪力墙或剪力墙体系的小高层住宅是较为合理的。传统的现浇钢筋混凝土剪力墙承受竖向荷载的能力比较容易满足，但一般认为延性较差，属于脆性破坏，并且在保温隔热等方面远不能满足建筑节能要求。钢筋混凝土空心剪力墙正是在这种情况下研制的，它既有自重轻、刚度小、延性好的特点，又有较好的节能保温性能，是一种有着良好节能性的“延性剪力墙”结构。
本课题为钢筋混凝土空心剪力墙刚度退化试验研究及其在框-剪结构中应用方法分析。主要分为三部分：(1)钢筋混凝土空心剪力墙片的静力试验研究。本课题的试验目的是在先前所做的剪跨比小于1的低矮钢筋混凝土空心剪力墙的基础上，对剪跨比大于1且小于2的中高空心剪力墙有一系统的认识和了解，通过试验掌握中高空心剪力墙在低周反复水平荷载作用下的强度、变形、能量方面的特征。试验结果表明：与普通实心剪力墙相比，钢筋混凝土空心剪力墙的承载力、延性等能力有所提高。(2)研究钢筋混凝土空心剪力墙刚度的退化。在试验得到的数据和以前所做试验的基础上，对空心剪力墙的等效刚度、卸载刚度的退化进行分析，得到刚度退化公式，同时也确定了特征点刚度的计算公式和恢复力模型的确定方法，对空心剪力墙结构进行全过程分析具有重要的参考价值。(3)考虑钢筋混凝土空心剪力墙刚度退化，即进入弹塑性阶段后，框-剪结构地震作用的确定。本文利用试验中得出的空心剪力墙的刚度退化系数，并根据传统的框-剪结构弹性计算方法，建立了弹塑性阶段框架-剪力墙结构的简化计算方法，为有钢筋混凝土空心剪力墙的框-剪结构地震作用的确定提供了参考。
Since 1990s, our country's people have been requiring more and more dwelling houses because of the performance of the settling residence project and the developing of the comfortable residence. At the same time, the Sustainable Development is fully carried out, so material reform on walls and energy saving construction has been performing in the civil engineering field. Based on the current of the dwelling houses' development in the future, it's proposed that sub-high rise residences, whose structure models are either frame-shear wall or all shear wall, will be more reasonable than other types. The traditional R.C. shear walls can meet the capability of bearing vertical loads, but they have very poor ductility, and belong to brittle structure. Besides, they are not fit to the standard of energy saving. Under these reasons, the hollow shear walls of reinforced concrete are advanced. They are one kinds of energy saving and ductile shear wall structures, for they have a few virtues, such as good energy saving c
apacity, small self-weight, small stiffness and good ductility.
This subject focuses on the stiffness degeneration's experimental study and application method's analysis in frame-shear wall structure on hollow shear wall of reinforced concrete, and includes three aspects. First, it studies the static experimental study on hollow shear walls of reinforced concrete. Its aim is to know hollow shear-walls' performance whose ratio of shear span to effective depth of section is between 1 with 2, based on the studies of ones whose ratio of shear span to effective depth of section is between less than 1. By low-cycle and reverse horizontal loading test, their properties, including with strength property, deformation property and energy property, are studied. The result is that R.C. hollow shear-walls' bearing capacity and ductility property are improved, compared with the traditional R.C. shear walls. Second, R.C. hollow shear-walls' stiffness degeneration is studied. Through the data obtained from the experiments, hollow shear-walls' equivalent stiffness degeneration and remove
stiffness degeneration formulas are advanced. At the same time, formulas to calculate character stiffness and method to confirm restoring force model also be proposed. These are important references to the
whole process analysis of R.C. hollow shear-wall structure. Third, in elastic-plastic phase, taken into account R.C. hollow shear walls' stiffness degeneration, seismic action of frame-shear wall is made certain. This paper presents a method for calculating frame-shear wall structure in elastic-plastic phase based on traditional elastic calculating method. The reference is advanced to make sure the earthquake action of frame-shear wall structure with R.C. hollow shear-walls.
本课题为钢筋混凝土空心剪力墙刚度退化试验研究及其在框-剪结构中应用方法分析。主要分为三部分：(1)钢筋混凝土空心剪力墙片的静力试验研究。本课题的试验目的是在先前所做的剪跨比小于1的低矮钢筋混凝土空心剪力墙的基础上，对剪跨比大于1且小于2的中高空心剪力墙有一系统的认识和了解，通过试验掌握中高空心剪力墙在低周反复水平荷载作用下的强度、变形、能量方面的特征。试验结果表明：与普通实心剪力墙相比，钢筋混凝土空心剪力墙的承载力、延性等能力有所提高。(2)研究钢筋混凝土空心剪力墙刚度的退化。在试验得到的数据和以前所做试验的基础上，对空心剪力墙的等效刚度、卸载刚度的退化进行分析，得到刚度退化公式，同时也确定了特征点刚度的计算公式和恢复力模型的确定方法，对空心剪力墙结构进行全过程分析具有重要的参考价值。(3)考虑钢筋混凝土空心剪力墙刚度退化，即进入弹塑性阶段后，框-剪结构地震作用的确定。本文利用试验中得出的空心剪力墙的刚度退化系数，并根据传统的框-剪结构弹性计算方法，建立了弹塑性阶段框架-剪力墙结构的简化计算方法，为有钢筋混凝土空心剪力墙的框-剪结构地震作用的确定提供了参考。
Since 1990s, our country's people have been requiring more and more dwelling houses because of the performance of the settling residence project and the developing of the comfortable residence. At the same time, the Sustainable Development is fully carried out, so material reform on walls and energy saving construction has been performing in the civil engineering field. Based on the current of the dwelling houses' development in the future, it's proposed that sub-high rise residences, whose structure models are either frame-shear wall or all shear wall, will be more reasonable than other types. The traditional R.C. shear walls can meet the capability of bearing vertical loads, but they have very poor ductility, and belong to brittle structure. Besides, they are not fit to the standard of energy saving. Under these reasons, the hollow shear walls of reinforced concrete are advanced. They are one kinds of energy saving and ductile shear wall structures, for they have a few virtues, such as good energy saving c
apacity, small self-weight, small stiffness and good ductility.
This subject focuses on the stiffness degeneration's experimental study and application method's analysis in frame-shear wall structure on hollow shear wall of reinforced concrete, and includes three aspects. First, it studies the static experimental study on hollow shear walls of reinforced concrete. Its aim is to know hollow shear-walls' performance whose ratio of shear span to effective depth of section is between 1 with 2, based on the studies of ones whose ratio of shear span to effective depth of section is between less than 1. By low-cycle and reverse horizontal loading test, their properties, including with strength property, deformation property and energy property, are studied. The result is that R.C. hollow shear-walls' bearing capacity and ductility property are improved, compared with the traditional R.C. shear walls. Second, R.C. hollow shear-walls' stiffness degeneration is studied. Through the data obtained from the experiments, hollow shear-walls' equivalent stiffness degeneration and remove
stiffness degeneration formulas are advanced. At the same time, formulas to calculate character stiffness and method to confirm restoring force model also be proposed. These are important references to the
whole process analysis of R.C. hollow shear-wall structure. Third, in elastic-plastic phase, taken into account R.C. hollow shear walls' stiffness degeneration, seismic action of frame-shear wall is made certain. This paper presents a method for calculating frame-shear wall structure in elastic-plastic phase based on traditional elastic calculating method. The reference is advanced to make sure the earthquake action of frame-shear wall structure with R.C. hollow shear-walls.
引文
[1] 胡红梅．墙体材料改革的必要性和改革趋向．工业建筑．1995．25(6)
[2] 朱军强．大型工业厂房纵向框架-剪力墙结构体系上午抗震性能试验研究．西安建筑科技大学硕士学位论文．2000
[3] Peter EAdams & James GMacgregor. Plastic Design of Coupled Frame Shear Wall Stmctures,Journal of the Structural division,ASCE. 1970.9
[4] IKUO Yamayuchi, Shunsuke Sugano, Yasuo Higashibata & Toshio Wagashima. Inelastic Cyclic Behavior of Reinforcement Concrete Frame-Wall Structures Subjected to Later Forces. Proceeding of the Seventh World Conference on Earthquake, Engineering vol. 17,Stmcture Aspects part4
[5] M. Fintel & S.K.Ghosh. Design of Walled Structures for Earthquke Loading, Non-Liner Design of concrete structures.
[6] 小池健仁，耐震壁连成效果关研究．大材组技术研究报．1979(18)
[7] TPaulay, M.J.N. Priestly, A.J.Synge. Ductility in eaethquake resisting squat shear-wall. Journel ACI. 1982(4)
[8] 张锐．空心钢筋混凝土剪力墙结构抗震性能试验研究．西安建筑科技大学硕士学位论文．2003
[9] 王琼梅．小高层钢筋混凝土空心剪力墙结构抗震性能试验研究．西安建筑科技大学硕士学位论文．2003
[10] 武敏刚．钢筋混凝土空心剪力墙板的试验研究与理论分析．西安建筑科技大学硕士学位论文，2001
[11] 石林．钢筋混凝土空心剪力墙板的试验研究与可行性分析．西安建筑科技大学硕士学位论文．2001
[12] 郭子雄．钢筋混凝土低矮剪力墙受剪承载力实用计算．《工程力学》增刊．1996
[13] 郭子雄，童岳生．钢筋混凝土低矮剪力墙性能研究，《工程力学》增刊．1995
[14] 刘航，蓝宗建等．劲性钢筋混凝土底剪力墙抗震性能试验研究．工业建筑．1997．27(5)
[15] 孙金樨，关启勋．钢筋混凝土有边框柱剪力墙的强度与变形性能．建筑结构学报．1988．(6)
[16] 过镇海．钢筋混凝土原理．清华大学出版社，1999
[17] 郭子雄，童岳生，钱国芳．RC低矮抗震墙的变形性能及恢复力模型研究．西安建筑科技大学学报．1998．30(1)
[18] 丁大钧．现代混凝土结构学．中国建筑工业出版社，2000
[19] 胡庆昌．建筑结构抗震设计与研究。中国建筑工业出版社，1999
[20] 孙香红等．大型工业厂房纵向框架。剪力墙结构的拟动力试验研究．西安建筑科技大学学报．2002．34(2)
[21] 朱伯龙．结构抗震试验．地震出版社，1989
[22] 邱法维，钱稼茹，陈志鹏．结构抗震实验方法．科学出版社，2000
[23] 郭继武．建筑抗震设计．中国建筑工业出版社，2002
[24] 刘建新．考虑剪力墙刚度退化时高层框-剪结构框架地震内力的实用确定方法．建筑结构．1997．(10)
[25] 高小旺等．建筑抗震设计规范理解与应用．中国建筑工业出版社，2002
[26] 徐有邻等．混凝土结构设计规范理解与应用．中国建筑工业出版社，2002
[27] 武藤清．结构物动力设计。中国建筑工业出版社，1984
[28] 刘大海，杨翠如，钟锡根．高层建筑抗震设计。中国建筑工业出版社，1996
[29] R.Park, T.Paulay. Reinforced concrete of structures. New York:John Wiley & Sons, 1975
[30] 钢筋混凝土空心剪力墙试验研究报告．西安建筑科技大学，乌鲁木齐市建委，2003
[31] 包世华．高层建筑结构设计．清华大学出版社，1990
[32] 许淑芳等．空心钢筋混凝土剪力墙抗震性能试验研究．西安建筑科技大学学报．2002．34(2)
[33] 许淑芳等．带缝空心钢筋混凝土剪力墙的抗震性能试验研究．西安建筑科技大学学报．2002．34(2)
[34] 赵西安．高层建筑结构实用设计方法．同济大学出版社，1998
[35] 沈聚敏，周锡元等．抗震工程学．中国建筑工业出版社，2000
[36] 高层建筑混凝土结构技术规程(JGJ3-2002，J186-2002)
[37] 曹资，朱志达．建筑抗震理论与设计．北京工业大学出版社，1998
[38] 杨翠如等．抗震墙的刚度退化对高层框-剪结构地震内力的影响，土木工程学报．1988．6
[39] 郑山锁．底部框架砖房框剪层和砖混层的恢复力特性研究．西安建筑科技大学学报．1999．31(3)
[40] 石启印，范旭红等．格构式复合墙板恢复力特性研究．陕西工学院学报．1999．1
[41] 复合墙板试验研究报告．中建新建筑体系有限公司，西安建筑科技大学结构工程所
[42] 戴航，关国雄．一种新型带缝钢筋砼高剪力墙的抗震性能分析和设计(Ⅰ)，建筑结构．1997．3
[43] 戴航，关国雄．一种新型带缝钢筋砼高剪力墙的抗震性能分析和设计(Ⅱ)．建筑结构．1997．8
[44] 曹万林，张建伟等．钢筋混凝土有边框带双层暗支撑剪力墙抗震性能试验研究．世界地震工程．2000．16(4)
[45] 蒋欢军，吕西林．沿竖向耗能剪力墙滞回特性的计算方法．同济大学学报．1999．12
[46] 董宏英．带暗支撑双肢剪力墙抗震性能试验及设计·理论研究．北京工业大学博士学位论文．2002
[47] 李永国．框架-剪力墙结构弹塑性性能研究．西安建筑科技大学硕士学位论文
[48] 陈存思等．框剪结构在水平作用下的一种算法．建筑结构．1997．(1)
[2] 朱军强．大型工业厂房纵向框架-剪力墙结构体系上午抗震性能试验研究．西安建筑科技大学硕士学位论文．2000
[3] Peter EAdams & James GMacgregor. Plastic Design of Coupled Frame Shear Wall Stmctures,Journal of the Structural division,ASCE. 1970.9
[4] IKUO Yamayuchi, Shunsuke Sugano, Yasuo Higashibata & Toshio Wagashima. Inelastic Cyclic Behavior of Reinforcement Concrete Frame-Wall Structures Subjected to Later Forces. Proceeding of the Seventh World Conference on Earthquake, Engineering vol. 17,Stmcture Aspects part4
[5] M. Fintel & S.K.Ghosh. Design of Walled Structures for Earthquke Loading, Non-Liner Design of concrete structures.
[6] 小池健仁，耐震壁连成效果关研究．大材组技术研究报．1979(18)
[7] TPaulay, M.J.N. Priestly, A.J.Synge. Ductility in eaethquake resisting squat shear-wall. Journel ACI. 1982(4)
[8] 张锐．空心钢筋混凝土剪力墙结构抗震性能试验研究．西安建筑科技大学硕士学位论文．2003
[9] 王琼梅．小高层钢筋混凝土空心剪力墙结构抗震性能试验研究．西安建筑科技大学硕士学位论文．2003
[10] 武敏刚．钢筋混凝土空心剪力墙板的试验研究与理论分析．西安建筑科技大学硕士学位论文，2001
[11] 石林．钢筋混凝土空心剪力墙板的试验研究与可行性分析．西安建筑科技大学硕士学位论文．2001
[12] 郭子雄．钢筋混凝土低矮剪力墙受剪承载力实用计算．《工程力学》增刊．1996
[13] 郭子雄，童岳生．钢筋混凝土低矮剪力墙性能研究，《工程力学》增刊．1995
[14] 刘航，蓝宗建等．劲性钢筋混凝土底剪力墙抗震性能试验研究．工业建筑．1997．27(5)
[15] 孙金樨，关启勋．钢筋混凝土有边框柱剪力墙的强度与变形性能．建筑结构学报．1988．(6)
[16] 过镇海．钢筋混凝土原理．清华大学出版社，1999
[17] 郭子雄，童岳生，钱国芳．RC低矮抗震墙的变形性能及恢复力模型研究．西安建筑科技大学学报．1998．30(1)
[18] 丁大钧．现代混凝土结构学．中国建筑工业出版社，2000
[19] 胡庆昌．建筑结构抗震设计与研究。中国建筑工业出版社，1999
[20] 孙香红等．大型工业厂房纵向框架。剪力墙结构的拟动力试验研究．西安建筑科技大学学报．2002．34(2)
[21] 朱伯龙．结构抗震试验．地震出版社，1989
[22] 邱法维，钱稼茹，陈志鹏．结构抗震实验方法．科学出版社，2000
[23] 郭继武．建筑抗震设计．中国建筑工业出版社，2002
[24] 刘建新．考虑剪力墙刚度退化时高层框-剪结构框架地震内力的实用确定方法．建筑结构．1997．(10)
[25] 高小旺等．建筑抗震设计规范理解与应用．中国建筑工业出版社，2002
[26] 徐有邻等．混凝土结构设计规范理解与应用．中国建筑工业出版社，2002
[27] 武藤清．结构物动力设计。中国建筑工业出版社，1984
[28] 刘大海，杨翠如，钟锡根．高层建筑抗震设计。中国建筑工业出版社，1996
[29] R.Park, T.Paulay. Reinforced concrete of structures. New York:John Wiley & Sons, 1975
[30] 钢筋混凝土空心剪力墙试验研究报告．西安建筑科技大学，乌鲁木齐市建委，2003
[31] 包世华．高层建筑结构设计．清华大学出版社，1990
[32] 许淑芳等．空心钢筋混凝土剪力墙抗震性能试验研究．西安建筑科技大学学报．2002．34(2)
[33] 许淑芳等．带缝空心钢筋混凝土剪力墙的抗震性能试验研究．西安建筑科技大学学报．2002．34(2)
[34] 赵西安．高层建筑结构实用设计方法．同济大学出版社，1998
[35] 沈聚敏，周锡元等．抗震工程学．中国建筑工业出版社，2000
[36] 高层建筑混凝土结构技术规程(JGJ3-2002，J186-2002)
[37] 曹资，朱志达．建筑抗震理论与设计．北京工业大学出版社，1998
[38] 杨翠如等．抗震墙的刚度退化对高层框-剪结构地震内力的影响，土木工程学报．1988．6
[39] 郑山锁．底部框架砖房框剪层和砖混层的恢复力特性研究．西安建筑科技大学学报．1999．31(3)
[40] 石启印，范旭红等．格构式复合墙板恢复力特性研究．陕西工学院学报．1999．1
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