洛带气田难动用储量动态特征研究及评价
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摘要
储量评价是气田开发设计的基础,储量评价结果直接关系到气田开发规模、各项开发指标预测的可靠性及整体效益,是开发决策的重要依据。洛带气田蓬莱镇组和遂宁组气藏具有低渗、低压、低产能、储量大丰度低、非均质强等特点,属于典型的致密低渗气藏。其天然气探明储量动用难度大,气井的平均单井日产量低、剩余储采比高,如何客观地评价这些难动用探明储量,为开发决策提供可靠依据已成为洛带气田开发过程中一项急需解决的难题。收集整理了洛带气田蓬莱镇组和遂宁组气藏静态地质资料,历年试采资料,压力产能数据、不稳定试井资料,气藏流体分析化验数据,气井压裂资料等,以动态特征研究评价为主,结合气藏静态地质资料,对洛带气田的难动用探明储量进行了综合研究及评价。
通过对气藏地质情况的再认识,得出了结合川西地区低渗致密砂岩气藏的难动用储量的概念;通过对气藏单井目前产能和井口压力与初始值的对比研究,得出了目前气藏产能和压力优势分布区域,对气藏压力和深度关系的研究,得出气藏地层压力;收集了洛带气田蓬莱镇组和遂宁组气藏的104井次的压力恢复资料,并进行了试井解释,结合气田的致密低渗实际,在前人研究基础上,提出了试井解释的近井带渗流模型,储层渗流模型和边界反映段;并对压裂井进行了压裂前后的试井解释,结果对比,加砂压裂投产是洛带气田气井的投产的主要方式,增产效果明显;调研天然气可采储量标定的多种方法,并结合洛带气田实际情况,对方法进行了改进和修正。在此基础上研究了气藏气井产能变化情况,得出气藏气井产量递减类型以指数型为主,并计算出蓬莱镇组68口井和遂宁组气藏7口井单井可采储量;在综合研究气藏各类动态指标基础上,结合气井开采中的3个经济极限值一经济极限产量、经济极限初产量及经济极限可采储量,对洛带气田蓬莱镇组气藏和遂宁组气藏开发前景做了综合对比评价,认为遂宁组气藏较蓬莱镇组气藏具有更好的开采价值。
Gas Reserves Evaluation is the basis of gas field development design. The result of Gas Reserves Evaluation is connected directly with the scale of gas field development and reliability of all kinds of indexes of development and also connected with holistic benefit. The Penglaizhen group gas reservoir and Suining group gas reservoir is typical of low permeability, low pressure, low productivity, large reserves but low abundance, strong heterogeneity gas reservoir. The employment of proved reserves of gas reservoir is difficult, the daily gas rate of well is low, and the ratio of remained reserves and recoverable is high. Then how to evaluate the part of proved reserve and give the foundation of gas field development is the problem for the development of Luodai Gas Field problem. In the research, static geological data, the productive data of reservoirs, the pressure of wells, pressure build-up data for well test, the fiuids(gas, oil and water) produced from reservoirs' analysis and test data and the data of water fractured are collected. Connect with static geological reservoirs data, research and evaluate the hardy employed proved reserves of Luodai Gas Field integrative.By the research of geology of the gas reservoir, induced the concept of hardy employ reserve; by contrast the pressure and productivity of wells with the initial and current, induced predominance distributed area of the high productive ability and high pressure of well; collected 104 wells' pressure build up data of Penglaizhen group and Suining group gas reservoirs and interpreted it by Saphir 2.30. On the basis of research, brought forward well modern, reservoir model and boundary model of well test interpretation; also interpreted the fractured wells' pressure, the result indicates that water fracture is the main development means for Luodai Gas Field. Survey many kinds of methods of calculation for gas reserves, and according to the practice of Luodai Gas Field, the methods are improved and modified. Then calculated the well's recoverable reserve of Penglaizhen group gas reservoir and Suining group gas reservoir. With the detailed research on reservoir dynamic character, combined with economic utmost productivity. And by the integrative evaluation of Penglaizhen group gas reservoir and Suining group gas reservoir, Suining group gas reservoir is better than Penglaizhen group gas reservoir.
通过对气藏地质情况的再认识,得出了结合川西地区低渗致密砂岩气藏的难动用储量的概念;通过对气藏单井目前产能和井口压力与初始值的对比研究,得出了目前气藏产能和压力优势分布区域,对气藏压力和深度关系的研究,得出气藏地层压力;收集了洛带气田蓬莱镇组和遂宁组气藏的104井次的压力恢复资料,并进行了试井解释,结合气田的致密低渗实际,在前人研究基础上,提出了试井解释的近井带渗流模型,储层渗流模型和边界反映段;并对压裂井进行了压裂前后的试井解释,结果对比,加砂压裂投产是洛带气田气井的投产的主要方式,增产效果明显;调研天然气可采储量标定的多种方法,并结合洛带气田实际情况,对方法进行了改进和修正。在此基础上研究了气藏气井产能变化情况,得出气藏气井产量递减类型以指数型为主,并计算出蓬莱镇组68口井和遂宁组气藏7口井单井可采储量;在综合研究气藏各类动态指标基础上,结合气井开采中的3个经济极限值一经济极限产量、经济极限初产量及经济极限可采储量,对洛带气田蓬莱镇组气藏和遂宁组气藏开发前景做了综合对比评价,认为遂宁组气藏较蓬莱镇组气藏具有更好的开采价值。
Gas Reserves Evaluation is the basis of gas field development design. The result of Gas Reserves Evaluation is connected directly with the scale of gas field development and reliability of all kinds of indexes of development and also connected with holistic benefit. The Penglaizhen group gas reservoir and Suining group gas reservoir is typical of low permeability, low pressure, low productivity, large reserves but low abundance, strong heterogeneity gas reservoir. The employment of proved reserves of gas reservoir is difficult, the daily gas rate of well is low, and the ratio of remained reserves and recoverable is high. Then how to evaluate the part of proved reserve and give the foundation of gas field development is the problem for the development of Luodai Gas Field problem. In the research, static geological data, the productive data of reservoirs, the pressure of wells, pressure build-up data for well test, the fiuids(gas, oil and water) produced from reservoirs' analysis and test data and the data of water fractured are collected. Connect with static geological reservoirs data, research and evaluate the hardy employed proved reserves of Luodai Gas Field integrative.By the research of geology of the gas reservoir, induced the concept of hardy employ reserve; by contrast the pressure and productivity of wells with the initial and current, induced predominance distributed area of the high productive ability and high pressure of well; collected 104 wells' pressure build up data of Penglaizhen group and Suining group gas reservoirs and interpreted it by Saphir 2.30. On the basis of research, brought forward well modern, reservoir model and boundary model of well test interpretation; also interpreted the fractured wells' pressure, the result indicates that water fracture is the main development means for Luodai Gas Field. Survey many kinds of methods of calculation for gas reserves, and according to the practice of Luodai Gas Field, the methods are improved and modified. Then calculated the well's recoverable reserve of Penglaizhen group gas reservoir and Suining group gas reservoir. With the detailed research on reservoir dynamic character, combined with economic utmost productivity. And by the integrative evaluation of Penglaizhen group gas reservoir and Suining group gas reservoir, Suining group gas reservoir is better than Penglaizhen group gas reservoir.
引文
1.曹伟、刘纪常,成都洛带气田蓬莱镇组储层特征,石油与天然气地质[J]。1999.20(1),78-81
2.罗金丽,张国东,川西致密砂岩气藏试井曲线特征分析,致密岩石气藏勘探与开发[J],2001(4).42-48
3.曹伟、陈伟明,金堂-新都-广汉-德阳地区浅层天然气综合评价及储量计算,地质科技通报[J].2002,22(3).66-68
4.冯文光,污染引起的渗流异常机理与SLUG试井分析原理,成都科技大学出版社,1999
5.舒文培等,新场气田应力场与储层断裂裂缝发育特征研究,2000
6.王东旭等,长庆气田难采储量动用程度评价,天然气工业,2000(5).
7.李涛等,新场气田沙溪庙组储层弹性特征及地应力研究,西南石油局测井站,1999.
8.冯文光,葛家理:单一介质、双重介质中非定常达西低速渗流问题,石油勘探与开发,1985(1),56-62.
9.郝玉鸿.关于气田动态储量.试采技术,1999;(2)
10.焦李成.神经网络系统理论[M1.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,1995。
11.童宪章,陈元千.利用压力恢复曲线确定油井控制储量的通式及其应用条件[J].石油学报,1981,2(1):49 陈元千.油、气藏的物质平衡方程式及其应用[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1979
12.杨宇,开发早期岩性气藏动态描述[博士论文].成都:成都理工大学,2005.
13.曾炎,黎华继,杨宇,洛带气田浅层常压低渗砂岩气藏的开发,天然气工业[J].2002,22(3).66-68
14.曾炎,开发早期致密低渗气藏研究[硕士论文].成都:成都理工学院,2002.
15.孟宪军,曲寿利,洛带气田蓬莱镇组含气储集层描述研究,石油勘探与开发[J],2000,27(6).77-78
16.刘能强,实用现代试井解释方法[M],北京,石油工业出版社,1992
17.陈元千,油气藏工程计算方法[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1996。
18.王鸣华、何晓东,一种计算气井控制储量的新方法,天然气工业.[J],1996,16(4).50-53.
19..徐过盛,油气工业技术经济评价方法及应用[M],成都:电子科技大学出版社,2001
20.张箭,洛带气田蓬莱镇组气藏开发部署优化研究,矿物岩石[J].2002,22(4)。83-86。
21.胡建国、陈元千,预测油气田产量和可采储量新模型,石油规划设计[J].1999,10(6).11-12.A. C. Gringarten, unsteady-state pressure distribution dreated by a well with a single infinite -conductivity vertical fracture, SPE, 1974.
22. S. Hegeman, D. L. Halford, well test analysis with changing wellbore storage", SPE, 1991.
23. H. Cinco-Ley, pressure transient analysis of wells with finite conductivity bertical fracturesin double porosity reservoirs, SPE, 1991
24. Warren J E. Root J(1963), Behavior of naturally fractured reservoirs, Soc. Pet. Eng. J. (Sept), 245-255, Frons, AIME, 228(8. 1:8. 2. 1).
25. Roland N. horne. Modern Well Test Analysis, Stanford University, 1990.
26. J. J Hopfield.. D. W. Tank. neural computation of decision in optimization problems. Biological Cybernetics, 1985
27. Homer D R(1951), Pressure build-up in wells. Proc. Third World Pet. Cong. The Hague sec. Ⅱ503-523. (4. 6. 3)
28. Gringgarten A. C., A: Comparsion Between Different Skin and Wellbore Type-Curve for Early Time Transien Analysis, SPE8205.
29. Bourdet D.:A New Set of type Curves Simplifies Well Test Analysis, World Oil, 1983, 95-106
2.罗金丽,张国东,川西致密砂岩气藏试井曲线特征分析,致密岩石气藏勘探与开发[J],2001(4).42-48
3.曹伟、陈伟明,金堂-新都-广汉-德阳地区浅层天然气综合评价及储量计算,地质科技通报[J].2002,22(3).66-68
4.冯文光,污染引起的渗流异常机理与SLUG试井分析原理,成都科技大学出版社,1999
5.舒文培等,新场气田应力场与储层断裂裂缝发育特征研究,2000
6.王东旭等,长庆气田难采储量动用程度评价,天然气工业,2000(5).
7.李涛等,新场气田沙溪庙组储层弹性特征及地应力研究,西南石油局测井站,1999.
8.冯文光,葛家理:单一介质、双重介质中非定常达西低速渗流问题,石油勘探与开发,1985(1),56-62.
9.郝玉鸿.关于气田动态储量.试采技术,1999;(2)
10.焦李成.神经网络系统理论[M1.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,1995。
11.童宪章,陈元千.利用压力恢复曲线确定油井控制储量的通式及其应用条件[J].石油学报,1981,2(1):49 陈元千.油、气藏的物质平衡方程式及其应用[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1979
12.杨宇,开发早期岩性气藏动态描述[博士论文].成都:成都理工大学,2005.
13.曾炎,黎华继,杨宇,洛带气田浅层常压低渗砂岩气藏的开发,天然气工业[J].2002,22(3).66-68
14.曾炎,开发早期致密低渗气藏研究[硕士论文].成都:成都理工学院,2002.
15.孟宪军,曲寿利,洛带气田蓬莱镇组含气储集层描述研究,石油勘探与开发[J],2000,27(6).77-78
16.刘能强,实用现代试井解释方法[M],北京,石油工业出版社,1992
17.陈元千,油气藏工程计算方法[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1996。
18.王鸣华、何晓东,一种计算气井控制储量的新方法,天然气工业.[J],1996,16(4).50-53.
19..徐过盛,油气工业技术经济评价方法及应用[M],成都:电子科技大学出版社,2001
20.张箭,洛带气田蓬莱镇组气藏开发部署优化研究,矿物岩石[J].2002,22(4)。83-86。
21.胡建国、陈元千,预测油气田产量和可采储量新模型,石油规划设计[J].1999,10(6).11-12.A. C. Gringarten, unsteady-state pressure distribution dreated by a well with a single infinite -conductivity vertical fracture, SPE, 1974.
22. S. Hegeman, D. L. Halford, well test analysis with changing wellbore storage", SPE, 1991.
23. H. Cinco-Ley, pressure transient analysis of wells with finite conductivity bertical fracturesin double porosity reservoirs, SPE, 1991
24. Warren J E. Root J(1963), Behavior of naturally fractured reservoirs, Soc. Pet. Eng. J. (Sept), 245-255, Frons, AIME, 228(8. 1:8. 2. 1).
25. Roland N. horne. Modern Well Test Analysis, Stanford University, 1990.
26. J. J Hopfield.. D. W. Tank. neural computation of decision in optimization problems. Biological Cybernetics, 1985
27. Homer D R(1951), Pressure build-up in wells. Proc. Third World Pet. Cong. The Hague sec. Ⅱ503-523. (4. 6. 3)
28. Gringgarten A. C., A: Comparsion Between Different Skin and Wellbore Type-Curve for Early Time Transien Analysis, SPE8205.
29. Bourdet D.:A New Set of type Curves Simplifies Well Test Analysis, World Oil, 1983, 95-106