基于汽车再制造工程的汽车零部件可再制造性的分析与评估
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摘要
在步入21世纪的今天,随着科学技术的发展,人类创造了大量的物质财富,但是与此同时的是：我们消耗了大量的自然资源,并且还污染了我们赖以生存的生态环境。据统计,全球有70%的污染物来自于我们的制造业,这就对我们制造业的循环经济以及绿色制造提出了更高的要求,并且进一步的制造加工不仅仅浪费了我们有限的原材料资源,还浪费了我们的能源,而再制造工程作为一种既符合可持续发展战略又与循环经济和绿色制造相切合的工程技术也应运而生了。
再制造工程主要是通过再制造技术(各种修复技术)将具有可再制造性的产品恢复到新产品一样,并且使得其在各功能性以及耐用度等指标上至少保持与原产品的同样水平。本文研究了再制造的由来以及其在国内外的发展现状,提出了符合再制造的可再制造性的评价指标,进一步建立起汽车零部件的可再制造性的评价体系,对典型的汽车零部件进行相关的可再制造性分析。
本文首先对再制造的概念进行相关的阐述,并对其与维修做出区分,分析国内外再制造产业的现状,提出了发展再制造产业的必须性。
其次,进一步分析汽车再制造产业的现状及其相关的主要流程,提出以往的汽车零部件可再制造性的评估方法。
再次,提出一种基于模糊多属性决策的汽车再制造工程汽车零部件可再制造性的评估方法并且建立起评价模型。
针对具体的汽车相关重要磨损零部件(如汽车转向器和汽车发动机活塞)进行相应的可再制造性评估。
最后,对评估后的汽车零部件进行总结分析,并且提出一些后续的指导意见。
When we entered the 21st century, as the development of science and technology, mankind have created a lot of material wealth, but at the same time, we also have consumed natural resources and polluted the ecological environment we live. According to the statics, 70% of our pollutants are from manufacturing industry, which we should put forward higher requirement in circular economy of manufacturing and green manufacturing sector. And further the manufacturing process is not only a waste of our limited material resources, but also a waste of our energy. Re-manufacturing, as a engineering technology which meet the strategy of sustainable development and suit to the recycling economy and green manufacturing phase come.
Re-manufacturing is a technology that can repair a product with being re-manufacturing back to a new one which keep its functionality, durability and also other indicators, at least, at the same level of the original product. This paper has a research on the origin of re-manufacturing and its current development at home and abroad, put forward evaluation index of being re-manufacturing with which consistent, and further establish evaluation system of automotive parts'being re-manufacturing, also make a analysis related to some typical automotive parts'being re-manufacturing.
At the beginning, it has an elaboration of the re-manufacturing concept, and make a distinction between re-manufacturing and repairing. It also analyze the present situation of this industry and put forward the necessity of developing re-manufacturing industry.
Further, it analyzes the status of automotive re-manufacturing industry and some related key processes, put forwards the past method about automotive parts'being re-manufacturing. And then, it presents a new assessment method of automotive parts' being re-manufacturing based on fuzzy multi-attribute decision and establishes an evaluation model.
It specifically has a related assessment of automotive important wear parts' re-manufacturing (such as automotive steering and the piston of automotive engine). Finally, having an analysis and summary to the auto parts which have assessed is necessary. After that, it is crucial to give some follow-up guidance.
再制造工程主要是通过再制造技术(各种修复技术)将具有可再制造性的产品恢复到新产品一样,并且使得其在各功能性以及耐用度等指标上至少保持与原产品的同样水平。本文研究了再制造的由来以及其在国内外的发展现状,提出了符合再制造的可再制造性的评价指标,进一步建立起汽车零部件的可再制造性的评价体系,对典型的汽车零部件进行相关的可再制造性分析。
本文首先对再制造的概念进行相关的阐述,并对其与维修做出区分,分析国内外再制造产业的现状,提出了发展再制造产业的必须性。
其次,进一步分析汽车再制造产业的现状及其相关的主要流程,提出以往的汽车零部件可再制造性的评估方法。
再次,提出一种基于模糊多属性决策的汽车再制造工程汽车零部件可再制造性的评估方法并且建立起评价模型。
针对具体的汽车相关重要磨损零部件(如汽车转向器和汽车发动机活塞)进行相应的可再制造性评估。
最后,对评估后的汽车零部件进行总结分析,并且提出一些后续的指导意见。
When we entered the 21st century, as the development of science and technology, mankind have created a lot of material wealth, but at the same time, we also have consumed natural resources and polluted the ecological environment we live. According to the statics, 70% of our pollutants are from manufacturing industry, which we should put forward higher requirement in circular economy of manufacturing and green manufacturing sector. And further the manufacturing process is not only a waste of our limited material resources, but also a waste of our energy. Re-manufacturing, as a engineering technology which meet the strategy of sustainable development and suit to the recycling economy and green manufacturing phase come.
Re-manufacturing is a technology that can repair a product with being re-manufacturing back to a new one which keep its functionality, durability and also other indicators, at least, at the same level of the original product. This paper has a research on the origin of re-manufacturing and its current development at home and abroad, put forward evaluation index of being re-manufacturing with which consistent, and further establish evaluation system of automotive parts'being re-manufacturing, also make a analysis related to some typical automotive parts'being re-manufacturing.
At the beginning, it has an elaboration of the re-manufacturing concept, and make a distinction between re-manufacturing and repairing. It also analyze the present situation of this industry and put forward the necessity of developing re-manufacturing industry.
Further, it analyzes the status of automotive re-manufacturing industry and some related key processes, put forwards the past method about automotive parts'being re-manufacturing. And then, it presents a new assessment method of automotive parts' being re-manufacturing based on fuzzy multi-attribute decision and establishes an evaluation model.
It specifically has a related assessment of automotive important wear parts' re-manufacturing (such as automotive steering and the piston of automotive engine). Finally, having an analysis and summary to the auto parts which have assessed is necessary. After that, it is crucial to give some follow-up guidance.
引文
[1]庄品,周跟然,张明宝.现代制造系统[M].北京：科学出版社,2005：270-288
[2]R.Lund. Remanufacturing [J]. Technology Review,1984.87(2):18-23
[3]吴季松.循环经济概论[M].北京：北京航空航天大学,2008：13-15
[4]Robert T.Lund Remanufacturing.The Experience of the USA and Implications for the Developing Countries [N]. World Bank Technical Paper:ISSN0253-7494 No.31,1984
[5]徐滨士等.装备再制造工程的理论与技术[M].北京：国防工业出版社,2007：1-5
[6]徐滨士等.面向21世纪的绿色再制造[J].中国表面工程,1999,45(4)：1-4
[7]何伊丽.卡特彼勒再制造技术的发展状况[J].建设机械技术与管理,2010,10：61-62
[8]李健.汽车再制造工程及其部件再制造技术的研究[D].武汉理工大学,2009
[9]刘跃峰.法士特首台再制造的变速器成功下线[N].商用汽车报,2010,11,15：1
[10]张国庆.零件剩余疲劳寿命预测方法与产品再制造性评估研究[D].上海交通大学,2007
[11]王肃.我国再制造产业发展瓶颈与对策分析[J].黑龙江对外经贸,2010,196(10)：49-50
[12]房巧红.发展我国再制造产业的意义及必要性[J].物流科技,2009(4)
[13]王琰,关强,买勇.基于循环经济理念的汽车零部件再制造工程[J].森林工程,2007,23(5)
[14]唐良福.我国再制造产业法规与标准初探[J].标准科学,2009(10)：11-12
[15]V. D. R. Guide Jr. Production planning Control for Remanufacturing[J]. Industry practice and Research Needs. Journal of Operations Management,2000,18:467-483
[16]V. D. R. Guide, V. Jayaraman, R. Srivastava, W. C. Benton. Supply-chain management for recoverable manufacturing systems[J]. Interfaces,2000,30(3):126-142
[17]钟俊杰,范世东,姚玉南等.再制造性综合评估研究[J].中国机械工程,2003,14(24)：2110-2113
[18]赵涛,徐凤君.循环经济概论[M].天津：天津大学出版社,2008：56-73
[19]周凯,刘成颖.现代制造系统[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2005：105-112
[20]孔峰.模糊多属性决策理论方法极其应用[M].北京：中国农业科学技术出版社,2008：75-101
[21]冯保成.模糊数学实用集萃[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,1991：72-75
[22]龚金元.汽车驾驶常识图解[M].北京：金盾出版社,2006：26-38
[23]刘惟信.汽车设计[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2001：606-620
[24]李松和.转阀动力转向器的常见故障与排除[J].汽车技术,1999,6：36-38
[25]周祥基.汽车转向器传动机构和类型分析与优化设计[D].东南大学,2005
[26]何英.汽车转向器易损的原因[J].农机使用与维修,2008,6：69-70
[27]明平顺,袁建新.汽车构造[M].武汉：武汉理工大学出版社,2009：1-72
[28]崔树平.汽车发动机构造与维修[M].武汉：武汉理工大学出版社,2008：7-8
[29]蔡兴旺.汽车构造与原理[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2010：40-41
[30]黄立新,郭青.汽车发动机构造与维修[M].上海：上海科学技术出版社,2010：20-50
[2]R.Lund. Remanufacturing [J]. Technology Review,1984.87(2):18-23
[3]吴季松.循环经济概论[M].北京：北京航空航天大学,2008：13-15
[4]Robert T.Lund Remanufacturing.The Experience of the USA and Implications for the Developing Countries [N]. World Bank Technical Paper:ISSN0253-7494 No.31,1984
[5]徐滨士等.装备再制造工程的理论与技术[M].北京：国防工业出版社,2007：1-5
[6]徐滨士等.面向21世纪的绿色再制造[J].中国表面工程,1999,45(4)：1-4
[7]何伊丽.卡特彼勒再制造技术的发展状况[J].建设机械技术与管理,2010,10：61-62
[8]李健.汽车再制造工程及其部件再制造技术的研究[D].武汉理工大学,2009
[9]刘跃峰.法士特首台再制造的变速器成功下线[N].商用汽车报,2010,11,15：1
[10]张国庆.零件剩余疲劳寿命预测方法与产品再制造性评估研究[D].上海交通大学,2007
[11]王肃.我国再制造产业发展瓶颈与对策分析[J].黑龙江对外经贸,2010,196(10)：49-50
[12]房巧红.发展我国再制造产业的意义及必要性[J].物流科技,2009(4)
[13]王琰,关强,买勇.基于循环经济理念的汽车零部件再制造工程[J].森林工程,2007,23(5)
[14]唐良福.我国再制造产业法规与标准初探[J].标准科学,2009(10)：11-12
[15]V. D. R. Guide Jr. Production planning Control for Remanufacturing[J]. Industry practice and Research Needs. Journal of Operations Management,2000,18:467-483
[16]V. D. R. Guide, V. Jayaraman, R. Srivastava, W. C. Benton. Supply-chain management for recoverable manufacturing systems[J]. Interfaces,2000,30(3):126-142
[17]钟俊杰,范世东,姚玉南等.再制造性综合评估研究[J].中国机械工程,2003,14(24)：2110-2113
[18]赵涛,徐凤君.循环经济概论[M].天津：天津大学出版社,2008：56-73
[19]周凯,刘成颖.现代制造系统[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2005：105-112
[20]孔峰.模糊多属性决策理论方法极其应用[M].北京：中国农业科学技术出版社,2008：75-101
[21]冯保成.模糊数学实用集萃[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,1991：72-75
[22]龚金元.汽车驾驶常识图解[M].北京：金盾出版社,2006：26-38
[23]刘惟信.汽车设计[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2001：606-620
[24]李松和.转阀动力转向器的常见故障与排除[J].汽车技术,1999,6：36-38
[25]周祥基.汽车转向器传动机构和类型分析与优化设计[D].东南大学,2005
[26]何英.汽车转向器易损的原因[J].农机使用与维修,2008,6：69-70
[27]明平顺,袁建新.汽车构造[M].武汉：武汉理工大学出版社,2009：1-72
[28]崔树平.汽车发动机构造与维修[M].武汉：武汉理工大学出版社,2008：7-8
[29]蔡兴旺.汽车构造与原理[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2010：40-41
[30]黄立新,郭青.汽车发动机构造与维修[M].上海：上海科学技术出版社,2010：20-50