企业集成创新网络构建及机制研究
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摘要
技术创新是企业生命力的源泉,但由于面临复杂多变的竞争环境、技术创新周期日益缩短以及不断涌现的非连续技术变化,传统的技术创新模式已经不能适应当今时代的需要,因此需要用一种集成的和有机的方法来对创新进行思考,而不是孤立地看待创新问题。这需要面向战略需求的技术集成创新,把新知识、新技术、企业价值观集成起来,通过跨学科合作的创新行为,形成核心竞争力,从而实现企业经营目标。集成创新从企业层次讲,是提高核心竞争力和保持持续竞争优势的关键。那么如何才能实现基于企业层面的集成创新呢?集成创新不仅局限于企业内部,而更多的建立在组织和组织间的网络联系以整合资源。集成创新的组织运作在兼顾“内部组织集成”与“外部组织集成”的同时,综合起来就是着力企业集成创新网络的构建与应用。
本文在综合评述国内外集成创新和创新网络相关领域的研究成果基础上,提出了企业集成创新网络的命题,对企业集成创新网络构建及机制进行深入系统的研究。论文首先通过对组织理论、交易费用理论、价值链理论、企业核心能力理论的综述与分析,从不同的角度阐述了企业集成创新网络产生和发展的必然性,从理论的角度论证了在集成创新网络这种崭新的创新模式下,可以把不同组织的核心能力进行有效整合,实现优势资源互补和相互学习,减少交易成本,以较小的代价和在较短的时间内提高原有的和培育出新的核心竞争力,赢得持续竞争优势和巩固竞争地位,为企业集成创新网络的构建提供了理论支撑。在此基础上,从集成创新的外部网络联结和内部要素集成创新实践的两个层面界定了企业集成创新网络的概念、内涵和特征,突破了以往学者对网络概念的定义,从网络的结点与链条形成了企业集成创新网络的基本架构,建立了企业集成创新网络的概念体系,同时通过对集成创新网络的核心结点与价值网络中的供应商结点之间的竞争与合作博弈分析,论证了企业集成创新网络的有效性。
然后,基于企业集成创新网络的构建与运行这一主线,本文探讨了企业集成创新网络的构建机制。首先提出了企业集成创新网络的构建原则,从集成创新网络的集成方式、合作伙伴选择、集成平台建设和组织结构设计等四个方面论述了企业集成创新网络的构建机制;在网络的构建过程中研究了企业集成创新网络的网络合作伙伴选择方法,提出了一种新的伙伴选择三阶段模型及其实现方法,为企业集成创新网络的构建提供了有益的启示。
接着,本文运用集成理论的思想,从目标集成、信息集成、资源集成、知识集成、文化集成、过程集成等方面研究了企业集成创新网络的要素集成机制及模型。通过这些要素的集成,从而实现组织集成,形成一个多企业的集成体---集成创新网络,而基于价值网的过程集成像一条红线,将网络资源、信息、知识、活动和结点企业串起来,成为一个跨组织边界的价值创造系统。
高效的运行机制是企业集成创新网络成功运作的保障。本文从新经济社会学的互动整合机理入手,结合网络互动整合的过程和效应,设计了基于互动整合机理的企业集成创新网络运行机制,并构建了企业集成创新网络的运行模型,为企业集成创新网络运作机制的设计提供了有建设性的参考。
最后对本文企业集成创新网络、企业集成创新能力以及企业创新绩效的理论关系进行实证检验,实证研究的结果显示,企业通过与包括相关企业、大学、政府等外部组织的联结建立的企业集成创新网络能够极大地促进企业集成创新能力的提高,进而提高企业的创新绩效。
本论文注重理论研究与实证研究的紧密结合,强调实用性,为我国理论界和企业界对企业集成创新网络的构建及机制作进一步深入研究提供了理论支撑和实践的借鉴。
Technological innovation is the source of the vitality of enterprises, but because of facing the complex and ever-changing competitive environment, the shortening of cycle of technological innovation day by day, as well as emerging discontinuous technological change, the traditional model of grated and organic approach to think about innovation, rather than view problems of innovation in isolation. This requires strategic needs for technology integrated innovation, the integration of the new knowledge, technologies and corporation values, through the innovation behavior of interdisciplinary cooperation, the formation of core competitiveness in order to achieve business targets. From the enterprise level, the integrated innovation is the key to improve the core competitiveness and maintain sustainable competitive advantages. So how are we to achieve the enterprise level based on the integrated innovation? Integrated innovation is not limited to the enterprise, while the more established in organizations and inter-organizational networking in order to consolidate resources. Integrated innovation organizations operating in both "the internal organization of integration" and "integration of external organizations," the combined enterprise integration is to focus on building innovation networks and applications.
In this paper, firstly through the overview and analysis of organizational theory, transaction cost theory, the value chain theory, core competence theory, it expatiates on the inevitability of the producing and development of the integrated innovation networks of enterprises in different perspectives, and demonstrates this new enterprise organization mode of the integrated innovation networks conceptually, the core competencies of different enterprises can be integrated effectively, then to achieve the complement of advantaged resources and learn from each other, to reduce transaction costs, to raise the original core competitiveness and produce new core competitiveness by a smaller price in a relatively short time, to win sustainable competitive advantage and consolidate the competitive position, then provides the theoretical support for building the enterprise integrated innovation networks. On this basis, from two levels including the external network link of integrated innovation of and the practice of integrated innovation to define the concept、content and features of Enterprise integrated innovation networks, breakthrough the definition of the concept of network by scholars, it forms the basic framework of from the node and link of network, establishes the concept of system of the enterprise integration innovation network. Meanwhile, by way of the Game Analysis of competition and cooperation enterprise integration between the integrated innovation of the core network node and the value of provider network nodes, it proves the effectiveness of innovation integrated networks.
Then, on the basis of the construction and operation of integrated innovation network, it discusses the construction mechanisms of the integrated innovation network of enterprise. Firstly, it analyses the construction principles. Then the paper demonstrates the construction process of enterprise integrated innovation network from the integration manner, choice of the cooperation partners, integration platform construction, organization structure design; on the process of the construction of network, it researches the selected methods of network corporation partners of integrated innovation network of enterprise, and proposes the tri-phases mode and realizing methods of the selections of new partners so that it provides a useful apocalypse for the construction of integrated innovation network of enterprise.
Then, the paper studies the elements integrated mechanisms and model of enterprise integrated innovation network from the goal of integration, information integration, resource integration, knowledge integration,cultural integration, process integration and so on, to bring about the organizational integration by the integration of these elements, and then to form a multi-enterprise integration - the integrated innovation network, and the value network-based process integrated as a red line, the supply chain resources, information, knowledge, activities and enterprises node string into an the value creation system of inter-organizational boundaries.
Efficient operational mechanism is the security of successful operation of the enterprise integrated innovation networks, proceeding from the mechanism of the interaction conformity of enterprise integrated innovation networks, and combining the process and effect of the interaction conformity , the paper designs the operational mechanism of enterprise integrated innovation networks. Meanwhile, the paper forms the operational pattern of enterprise integrated innovation networks in view of the mechanism of the interaction conformity . It provides a constructive reference for the design of operational mechanisms of enterprise integrated innovation networks.
This paper makes an empirical testing of theoretical relationship among the structure of enterprise integrated innovation networks、the capability of enterprise integrated innovation and the Innovation Performance, the empirical studies indicates that enterprise integrated innovation networks which linked by enterprises and the external organizations including related businesses, universities, government and so on can contribute greatly to the promotion of enterprise integrated innovation capabilities, thus improving the innovation performance of enterprises.
This paper focuses on the closely integration of theoretical research and empirical studies, and emphasizes on practice. it provides a theoretical support and practice draw for China's business community and theoretical circles to the further in-depth study of the construction of enterprise integrated innovation networks and operational mechanism.
本文在综合评述国内外集成创新和创新网络相关领域的研究成果基础上,提出了企业集成创新网络的命题,对企业集成创新网络构建及机制进行深入系统的研究。论文首先通过对组织理论、交易费用理论、价值链理论、企业核心能力理论的综述与分析,从不同的角度阐述了企业集成创新网络产生和发展的必然性,从理论的角度论证了在集成创新网络这种崭新的创新模式下,可以把不同组织的核心能力进行有效整合,实现优势资源互补和相互学习,减少交易成本,以较小的代价和在较短的时间内提高原有的和培育出新的核心竞争力,赢得持续竞争优势和巩固竞争地位,为企业集成创新网络的构建提供了理论支撑。在此基础上,从集成创新的外部网络联结和内部要素集成创新实践的两个层面界定了企业集成创新网络的概念、内涵和特征,突破了以往学者对网络概念的定义,从网络的结点与链条形成了企业集成创新网络的基本架构,建立了企业集成创新网络的概念体系,同时通过对集成创新网络的核心结点与价值网络中的供应商结点之间的竞争与合作博弈分析,论证了企业集成创新网络的有效性。
然后,基于企业集成创新网络的构建与运行这一主线,本文探讨了企业集成创新网络的构建机制。首先提出了企业集成创新网络的构建原则,从集成创新网络的集成方式、合作伙伴选择、集成平台建设和组织结构设计等四个方面论述了企业集成创新网络的构建机制;在网络的构建过程中研究了企业集成创新网络的网络合作伙伴选择方法,提出了一种新的伙伴选择三阶段模型及其实现方法,为企业集成创新网络的构建提供了有益的启示。
接着,本文运用集成理论的思想,从目标集成、信息集成、资源集成、知识集成、文化集成、过程集成等方面研究了企业集成创新网络的要素集成机制及模型。通过这些要素的集成,从而实现组织集成,形成一个多企业的集成体---集成创新网络,而基于价值网的过程集成像一条红线,将网络资源、信息、知识、活动和结点企业串起来,成为一个跨组织边界的价值创造系统。
高效的运行机制是企业集成创新网络成功运作的保障。本文从新经济社会学的互动整合机理入手,结合网络互动整合的过程和效应,设计了基于互动整合机理的企业集成创新网络运行机制,并构建了企业集成创新网络的运行模型,为企业集成创新网络运作机制的设计提供了有建设性的参考。
最后对本文企业集成创新网络、企业集成创新能力以及企业创新绩效的理论关系进行实证检验,实证研究的结果显示,企业通过与包括相关企业、大学、政府等外部组织的联结建立的企业集成创新网络能够极大地促进企业集成创新能力的提高,进而提高企业的创新绩效。
本论文注重理论研究与实证研究的紧密结合,强调实用性,为我国理论界和企业界对企业集成创新网络的构建及机制作进一步深入研究提供了理论支撑和实践的借鉴。
Technological innovation is the source of the vitality of enterprises, but because of facing the complex and ever-changing competitive environment, the shortening of cycle of technological innovation day by day, as well as emerging discontinuous technological change, the traditional model of grated and organic approach to think about innovation, rather than view problems of innovation in isolation. This requires strategic needs for technology integrated innovation, the integration of the new knowledge, technologies and corporation values, through the innovation behavior of interdisciplinary cooperation, the formation of core competitiveness in order to achieve business targets. From the enterprise level, the integrated innovation is the key to improve the core competitiveness and maintain sustainable competitive advantages. So how are we to achieve the enterprise level based on the integrated innovation? Integrated innovation is not limited to the enterprise, while the more established in organizations and inter-organizational networking in order to consolidate resources. Integrated innovation organizations operating in both "the internal organization of integration" and "integration of external organizations," the combined enterprise integration is to focus on building innovation networks and applications.
In this paper, firstly through the overview and analysis of organizational theory, transaction cost theory, the value chain theory, core competence theory, it expatiates on the inevitability of the producing and development of the integrated innovation networks of enterprises in different perspectives, and demonstrates this new enterprise organization mode of the integrated innovation networks conceptually, the core competencies of different enterprises can be integrated effectively, then to achieve the complement of advantaged resources and learn from each other, to reduce transaction costs, to raise the original core competitiveness and produce new core competitiveness by a smaller price in a relatively short time, to win sustainable competitive advantage and consolidate the competitive position, then provides the theoretical support for building the enterprise integrated innovation networks. On this basis, from two levels including the external network link of integrated innovation of and the practice of integrated innovation to define the concept、content and features of Enterprise integrated innovation networks, breakthrough the definition of the concept of network by scholars, it forms the basic framework of from the node and link of network, establishes the concept of system of the enterprise integration innovation network. Meanwhile, by way of the Game Analysis of competition and cooperation enterprise integration between the integrated innovation of the core network node and the value of provider network nodes, it proves the effectiveness of innovation integrated networks.
Then, on the basis of the construction and operation of integrated innovation network, it discusses the construction mechanisms of the integrated innovation network of enterprise. Firstly, it analyses the construction principles. Then the paper demonstrates the construction process of enterprise integrated innovation network from the integration manner, choice of the cooperation partners, integration platform construction, organization structure design; on the process of the construction of network, it researches the selected methods of network corporation partners of integrated innovation network of enterprise, and proposes the tri-phases mode and realizing methods of the selections of new partners so that it provides a useful apocalypse for the construction of integrated innovation network of enterprise.
Then, the paper studies the elements integrated mechanisms and model of enterprise integrated innovation network from the goal of integration, information integration, resource integration, knowledge integration,cultural integration, process integration and so on, to bring about the organizational integration by the integration of these elements, and then to form a multi-enterprise integration - the integrated innovation network, and the value network-based process integrated as a red line, the supply chain resources, information, knowledge, activities and enterprises node string into an the value creation system of inter-organizational boundaries.
Efficient operational mechanism is the security of successful operation of the enterprise integrated innovation networks, proceeding from the mechanism of the interaction conformity of enterprise integrated innovation networks, and combining the process and effect of the interaction conformity , the paper designs the operational mechanism of enterprise integrated innovation networks. Meanwhile, the paper forms the operational pattern of enterprise integrated innovation networks in view of the mechanism of the interaction conformity . It provides a constructive reference for the design of operational mechanisms of enterprise integrated innovation networks.
This paper makes an empirical testing of theoretical relationship among the structure of enterprise integrated innovation networks、the capability of enterprise integrated innovation and the Innovation Performance, the empirical studies indicates that enterprise integrated innovation networks which linked by enterprises and the external organizations including related businesses, universities, government and so on can contribute greatly to the promotion of enterprise integrated innovation capabilities, thus improving the innovation performance of enterprises.
This paper focuses on the closely integration of theoretical research and empirical studies, and emphasizes on practice. it provides a theoretical support and practice draw for China's business community and theoretical circles to the further in-depth study of the construction of enterprise integrated innovation networks and operational mechanism.
引文
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