企业人力资源投资研究
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摘要
随着知识经济时代和全球经济一体化趋势的到来，企业间的竞争核心转为人才的竞争。人力资源的开发、利用和保留将是制约企业发展的关键因素。人力资源投资与物资投资、资本投资不同，人力资源的投资成本可以用数字来计量，但其产出很难量化。目前，国内对企业人力资源投资的研究还比较少，特别是定量方面的研究，如何评价企业人力资源投资以及规避其投资风险决定了企业在人力资源投资上的成败。
本文内容共7章，第1章导论部分讲述研究的选题意义，研究内容、目的、方法以及要解决的问题。第2章人力资源投资的概述，包括人力资源、人力资源投资的含义；人力资源投资的内容。第3章企业人力资源投资基本分析，主要介绍企业人力资源投资的重要性、投资的内容以及投资的效益。第4章人力资源投资评价体系是整个文章的重点，本文运用投资评价的基本方法，从定性和定量两方面用目标层次分析法建立了企业人力资源投资评价指标体系，采用模糊数学模型来识别和评价企业人力资源投资。第5章企业人力资源的投资风险，本章概述了企业人力资源投资的风险、产生原因以及如何规避风险；第6章通过实证深入研究企业人力资源投资评价以及风险；最后一章是全文的总结、文章的创新点以及对企业人力资源投资的展望。
全文本着务实求新的原则，以理论联系实际，定量和定性结合的研究方法对企业人力资源投资评价和风险进行了较为深入的研究，利用相关理论，建立了企业人力资源投资评价指标体系。
With the change of knowledge-based economy times and global economy integration, the core competitiveness between enterprises has turned into the human resource competition. The human resource development, utilizing, maintain are the key factors in the development of enterprise. The investment of human resource differs from material and capital investment. The cost of human resource can be measured. On the other hand, how to evaluating the outcome of human resource is the question. Currently, research on the investment of human resource does not have the generally accepted conclusion, and research on the investment mode in human resource according to the investment theory is very little. The dissertation focuses on the evaluating indicator and risk of investment of human resource.
In the view of a series of analysis, the dissertation generalizes the concept of investment of enterprise's human resource on the basis of the research conclusions of many scholars and the developing methods of investment of human resource, then brings forward creative views about the evaluative system and model in the investment of enterprise's human resource. The last and also important, the dissertation puts forward a evaluative indicators and vague mathematics model which evaluate investment of human resource. Then, the dissertation analyzes the risk of investment and find out evasive methods which include institution, benefit and emotion.
The author deeply study the investment of human resource based the generalization of correlative theories and demonstration, and the evaluation model of the human resource investment in the dissertation will be benefit the investment of enterprise's human resource to some extent.
本文内容共7章，第1章导论部分讲述研究的选题意义，研究内容、目的、方法以及要解决的问题。第2章人力资源投资的概述，包括人力资源、人力资源投资的含义；人力资源投资的内容。第3章企业人力资源投资基本分析，主要介绍企业人力资源投资的重要性、投资的内容以及投资的效益。第4章人力资源投资评价体系是整个文章的重点，本文运用投资评价的基本方法，从定性和定量两方面用目标层次分析法建立了企业人力资源投资评价指标体系，采用模糊数学模型来识别和评价企业人力资源投资。第5章企业人力资源的投资风险，本章概述了企业人力资源投资的风险、产生原因以及如何规避风险；第6章通过实证深入研究企业人力资源投资评价以及风险；最后一章是全文的总结、文章的创新点以及对企业人力资源投资的展望。
全文本着务实求新的原则，以理论联系实际，定量和定性结合的研究方法对企业人力资源投资评价和风险进行了较为深入的研究，利用相关理论，建立了企业人力资源投资评价指标体系。
With the change of knowledge-based economy times and global economy integration, the core competitiveness between enterprises has turned into the human resource competition. The human resource development, utilizing, maintain are the key factors in the development of enterprise. The investment of human resource differs from material and capital investment. The cost of human resource can be measured. On the other hand, how to evaluating the outcome of human resource is the question. Currently, research on the investment of human resource does not have the generally accepted conclusion, and research on the investment mode in human resource according to the investment theory is very little. The dissertation focuses on the evaluating indicator and risk of investment of human resource.
In the view of a series of analysis, the dissertation generalizes the concept of investment of enterprise's human resource on the basis of the research conclusions of many scholars and the developing methods of investment of human resource, then brings forward creative views about the evaluative system and model in the investment of enterprise's human resource. The last and also important, the dissertation puts forward a evaluative indicators and vague mathematics model which evaluate investment of human resource. Then, the dissertation analyzes the risk of investment and find out evasive methods which include institution, benefit and emotion.
The author deeply study the investment of human resource based the generalization of correlative theories and demonstration, and the evaluation model of the human resource investment in the dissertation will be benefit the investment of enterprise's human resource to some extent.
引文
[1] 韦伯斯特．新世界词典[M]．辽宁教育出版社．1974
[2] 谭崇台．发展经济学[M]．上海人民出版社．1989
[3] 廖泉文著．人力资源管理[M]．同济大学出版社．1991
[4] 西奥多．W．舒尔茨著．论人力资本投资[M]．北京经济学院出版社．1991
[5] 金雪铁．人力资源属性及其价格对人力资源会计的影响[J]．北京财会．2003(3)
[6] 钱锡星．人力资源的投资效益分析[J]．经济师 2004(9)
[7] 刘运国．人力资源投资效益评析[J]．财会月刊．1999(8)
[8] 祝小宁．人力资本投资效益分析[J]．电子科技大学学报(社会科学版)．2001(4)
[9] 徐二明．企业战略管理[M]．中国经济出版社．1992
[10] 李时敏．交易过程与交易成本[M]．财经问题研究．2002
[11] 论市场经济中人的机会主义行为倾向及其制约机制[J]．贵州财经学院学报．1996
[12] 陈飞翔．R&D投入、人力资源开发与跨国公司R&D投资——来自省际数据的实证分析[J]．亚太经济．2006(5)
[13] 喻小军．学习型企业人力资源投资研究[J]．武汉理工大学学报(信息与管理工程版)2006(9)
[14] 王勇．浅析防范人力资源投资风险的几点措施[J]．经济师．2006(9)
[15] 田辉．基于人力资本投资理念的中小企业人力资源管理[J]．江苏商论．2006(7)
[16] 王淑蘋．我国农村人力资源投资初探[J]．太原科技．2006(6)
[17] 吴丹丹．浅论风险投资中的人力资源管理[J]．商场现代化．2006(9)
[18] 陈蓉．新时期我国人力资源投资的战略与途径[J]．科技和产业．2006(6)
[19] 董福荣．广东省人力资源投资状况分析[J]．商讯商业经济文荟．2006(2)
[20] 靳权．试论人力资源与人力投资[J]．科技情报开发与经济．2006(8)
[21] 王菲．企业人力资源投资风险分析[J]．商业时代．2006(9)
[22] 邓位．情报部门人力资源投资决策风险的博弈分析[J]．科技情报开发与经济．2006(5)
[23] 徐立柱．卫生人力资源投资及其存在的问题[J]．中国卫生经济．2006(3)
[24] 张春虎．企业人力资源投资和管理政策的战略选择[J]．现代管理科学．2006(2)
[25] 黄元佗．人力资源投资的博弈分析[J]．柳州师专学报．2005(4)
[26] 朱海鹏．我国国有企业人力资源投资分析[J]．安康师专学报．2005(2)
[27] 钱锡星．人力资源的投资效益分析[J]．经济师．2004(9)
[28] 田辉．基于人力资本投资理念的中小企业人力资源管理[J]．江苏商论．2006(7)
[29] 王浩．人力资源开发与人力资本投资辨析[J]．中国人才．2004(9)
[30] 赵秀清．人力资源投资风险及其规避探讨[J]．科技进步与对策．2004(7)
[31] 莫童．基于模糊的投资银行人力资源评估系统及应用[J]．数量经济技术经济研究2002(11)
[32] 梅琳．浅谈企业人力资源投资[J]．山西财经大学学报．2002(1)
[33] 李磊．新疆人力资源投资分析[J]．人口与经济．2002(1)
[34] 吴春叶．企业人力资源投资效率的评价[J]．山西财经大学学报．1999(1)
[35] 刘运国．人力资源投资效益评析[J]．财会月刊．1999(8)
[36] 杰克·J·菲利普斯．人力资源计分卡[M]．黄成译．人民邮电出版．2006
[37] 舒尔茨．论人力资本投资．吴珠华等译[M]．北京经济学院出版社．1990
[38] 加里·德斯勒．人力资源管理(第六版)．刘昕等译[M]．中国人民大学出版社．2004
[39] 邓明然．公司理财[M]．武汉理工大学出版社．2003
[40] (美)梅洛著．战略人力资源管理．吴雯芳译[M]．中国财政经济出版社．2004
[41] 刘仲文．人力资源会计[M]．首都经济贸易大学出版社2006
[42] 李淘．人力资源投资与城市竞争力[M]．社会科学文献出版社．2006
[43] 企业国际化课题研究组．中小企业人力资源国际化管理[J]．光明日报出版社．2005
[44] 吴国存．企业人力资本投资[M]．经济管理出版社．1999
[45] Invancevich,J.M.Human Resouce Management[M].Chiago:Irwin, 1995
[46] LaPolinte,J.R.Human Resource Performance[J].Indexes.Personnel Journal,No.62,1983
[47] Phillips,Jack J. The Development of a Human Resources effectiveness index[J]. Ph.D.dissertation,April 1988
[48] Casieo,W.F.Managing Human Resources: Productivity, Quality of work life, Profit,4th ed[M].. New York:McGraw-Hill,1993
[49] Pau;y,D.HR: The New Profit[J].Center.Human Resource Executive.August 1993
[50] Kromling,L.K.CalComp Considers HR a Business Unit[J].Personnel Journal.February 1993
[51] Philips, Jack J. Accountability in Human Resource Management[M]. Houston, Tex.: Gulf Publishing, 1996
[52] Kirkpatrick, Donald L. Evaluating Training Programs: The Four Levels[M]. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 1994
[53] Phillips, Jack J. The Consultant's Scorecard:Tracking Six Key Measure for Consulting Projects[J]. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2000
[54] Seimke, R. Cost of Quality: You Can Measure It[J].Training.August 1990
[55] Phillips,J.Return on Investment-Beyoud the Four Levels of Training Criteria: Thirty Years Later[J].Personnel Psychology, Vol. 42,1989
[56] Pine,J,Tingley,J.C.ROI of Soft Skills Training[J].Training,February 1993
[57] Hassert,J.Simplifying ROI[J].Training,.September 1992
[58] Phillips,J.J.Measuring ROI in an Established Program[J].In Action:Measuring Return on Investment,Vol.1． J.J.Philllips(Ed.)Alexandria,Va.:American Society for Training and Development,1994
[59] Denzin,N.K,Lincoln,Y.S.(Eds.)Handbook of Qualitative Research.Thousand Oaks,Calif[M].Sage Publications.1994 [60] Gummesson,E.Qulitative Methods and Management Research(rev.ed.).Thousand Oaks,Calif.[M].Sage Publications,1991
[61] Bader,GE.,Bloom,A.E.,and Chang,R.Y.Measuring Team Performance[J].Irvine,Galif:Richard Chang Associates,1994
[62] Nei wei.Retun on Education in the United States and China-A Functionalist Study of Socilogy[J].ISSUES in higher education,2000(2)
[63] Phillips,J.J.Return on Investment in Training and Performance Improvement Program[M].Houston.Gulf Publishing.1997
[64] Certification Process for Measuring the Return on Investment in Training and Development Workshop.Brochure.Birminggham.Ala.Performance Resources Organization.1997
[2] 谭崇台．发展经济学[M]．上海人民出版社．1989
[3] 廖泉文著．人力资源管理[M]．同济大学出版社．1991
[4] 西奥多．W．舒尔茨著．论人力资本投资[M]．北京经济学院出版社．1991
[5] 金雪铁．人力资源属性及其价格对人力资源会计的影响[J]．北京财会．2003(3)
[6] 钱锡星．人力资源的投资效益分析[J]．经济师 2004(9)
[7] 刘运国．人力资源投资效益评析[J]．财会月刊．1999(8)
[8] 祝小宁．人力资本投资效益分析[J]．电子科技大学学报(社会科学版)．2001(4)
[9] 徐二明．企业战略管理[M]．中国经济出版社．1992
[10] 李时敏．交易过程与交易成本[M]．财经问题研究．2002
[11] 论市场经济中人的机会主义行为倾向及其制约机制[J]．贵州财经学院学报．1996
[12] 陈飞翔．R&D投入、人力资源开发与跨国公司R&D投资——来自省际数据的实证分析[J]．亚太经济．2006(5)
[13] 喻小军．学习型企业人力资源投资研究[J]．武汉理工大学学报(信息与管理工程版)2006(9)
[14] 王勇．浅析防范人力资源投资风险的几点措施[J]．经济师．2006(9)
[15] 田辉．基于人力资本投资理念的中小企业人力资源管理[J]．江苏商论．2006(7)
[16] 王淑蘋．我国农村人力资源投资初探[J]．太原科技．2006(6)
[17] 吴丹丹．浅论风险投资中的人力资源管理[J]．商场现代化．2006(9)
[18] 陈蓉．新时期我国人力资源投资的战略与途径[J]．科技和产业．2006(6)
[19] 董福荣．广东省人力资源投资状况分析[J]．商讯商业经济文荟．2006(2)
[20] 靳权．试论人力资源与人力投资[J]．科技情报开发与经济．2006(8)
[21] 王菲．企业人力资源投资风险分析[J]．商业时代．2006(9)
[22] 邓位．情报部门人力资源投资决策风险的博弈分析[J]．科技情报开发与经济．2006(5)
[23] 徐立柱．卫生人力资源投资及其存在的问题[J]．中国卫生经济．2006(3)
[24] 张春虎．企业人力资源投资和管理政策的战略选择[J]．现代管理科学．2006(2)
[25] 黄元佗．人力资源投资的博弈分析[J]．柳州师专学报．2005(4)
[26] 朱海鹏．我国国有企业人力资源投资分析[J]．安康师专学报．2005(2)
[27] 钱锡星．人力资源的投资效益分析[J]．经济师．2004(9)
[28] 田辉．基于人力资本投资理念的中小企业人力资源管理[J]．江苏商论．2006(7)
[29] 王浩．人力资源开发与人力资本投资辨析[J]．中国人才．2004(9)
[30] 赵秀清．人力资源投资风险及其规避探讨[J]．科技进步与对策．2004(7)
[31] 莫童．基于模糊的投资银行人力资源评估系统及应用[J]．数量经济技术经济研究2002(11)
[32] 梅琳．浅谈企业人力资源投资[J]．山西财经大学学报．2002(1)
[33] 李磊．新疆人力资源投资分析[J]．人口与经济．2002(1)
[34] 吴春叶．企业人力资源投资效率的评价[J]．山西财经大学学报．1999(1)
[35] 刘运国．人力资源投资效益评析[J]．财会月刊．1999(8)
[36] 杰克·J·菲利普斯．人力资源计分卡[M]．黄成译．人民邮电出版．2006
[37] 舒尔茨．论人力资本投资．吴珠华等译[M]．北京经济学院出版社．1990
[38] 加里·德斯勒．人力资源管理(第六版)．刘昕等译[M]．中国人民大学出版社．2004
[39] 邓明然．公司理财[M]．武汉理工大学出版社．2003
[40] (美)梅洛著．战略人力资源管理．吴雯芳译[M]．中国财政经济出版社．2004
[41] 刘仲文．人力资源会计[M]．首都经济贸易大学出版社2006
[42] 李淘．人力资源投资与城市竞争力[M]．社会科学文献出版社．2006
[43] 企业国际化课题研究组．中小企业人力资源国际化管理[J]．光明日报出版社．2005
[44] 吴国存．企业人力资本投资[M]．经济管理出版社．1999
[45] Invancevich,J.M.Human Resouce Management[M].Chiago:Irwin, 1995
[46] LaPolinte,J.R.Human Resource Performance[J].Indexes.Personnel Journal,No.62,1983
[47] Phillips,Jack J. The Development of a Human Resources effectiveness index[J]. Ph.D.dissertation,April 1988
[48] Casieo,W.F.Managing Human Resources: Productivity, Quality of work life, Profit,4th ed[M].. New York:McGraw-Hill,1993
[49] Pau;y,D.HR: The New Profit[J].Center.Human Resource Executive.August 1993
[50] Kromling,L.K.CalComp Considers HR a Business Unit[J].Personnel Journal.February 1993
[51] Philips, Jack J. Accountability in Human Resource Management[M]. Houston, Tex.: Gulf Publishing, 1996
[52] Kirkpatrick, Donald L. Evaluating Training Programs: The Four Levels[M]. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 1994
[53] Phillips, Jack J. The Consultant's Scorecard:Tracking Six Key Measure for Consulting Projects[J]. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2000
[54] Seimke, R. Cost of Quality: You Can Measure It[J].Training.August 1990
[55] Phillips,J.Return on Investment-Beyoud the Four Levels of Training Criteria: Thirty Years Later[J].Personnel Psychology, Vol. 42,1989
[56] Pine,J,Tingley,J.C.ROI of Soft Skills Training[J].Training,February 1993
[57] Hassert,J.Simplifying ROI[J].Training,.September 1992
[58] Phillips,J.J.Measuring ROI in an Established Program[J].In Action:Measuring Return on Investment,Vol.1． J.J.Philllips(Ed.)Alexandria,Va.:American Society for Training and Development,1994
[59] Denzin,N.K,Lincoln,Y.S.(Eds.)Handbook of Qualitative Research.Thousand Oaks,Calif[M].Sage Publications.1994 [60] Gummesson,E.Qulitative Methods and Management Research(rev.ed.).Thousand Oaks,Calif.[M].Sage Publications,1991
[61] Bader,GE.,Bloom,A.E.,and Chang,R.Y.Measuring Team Performance[J].Irvine,Galif:Richard Chang Associates,1994
[62] Nei wei.Retun on Education in the United States and China-A Functionalist Study of Socilogy[J].ISSUES in higher education,2000(2)
[63] Phillips,J.J.Return on Investment in Training and Performance Improvement Program[M].Houston.Gulf Publishing.1997
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