微光像增强器信噪比测试技术研究
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摘要
微光像增强器是微光夜视产品的核心器件,它能够将微弱的光图像增强到足够的亮度,从而被广泛地应用于微光夜视技术、光辐射测量、摄像器件等各个领域。信噪比是像增强器的一个重要性能参数指标,本文围绕像增强器信噪比测试中荧光屏修正系数(信噪比校正系数)的测试技术和数据库编程展开研究。
荧光屏修正系数产生的主要原因是受到像增强器系统低通滤波特性的影响,因而可以将系统等效为一个线性低通滤波器模型,通过傅立叶变换方法分析模型的功率谱可以等效分析出系统的功率衰减,因此荧光屏修正系数的测试只需在原有信噪比测试的基础上直接对输出信号进行计算,不需增加任何硬件。
为便于对测试数据的管理,在原有的信噪比测试软件的基础上加入了数据库功能,采用Access数据库和ODBC访问方式对微光像增强器信噪比测试过程中的测试时间、型号、序列号、信噪比、荧光屏修正系数等参数以数据库方式进行管理,提供了刷新、删除、修改、添加和查询记录等功能。
通过实验验证,荧光屏修正系数测试方案可行,测试结果与像增强器生产商提供的数据基本一致,有较强的稳定性和较高的精度。增加的数据库功能也为实际测试工作中的数据管理提供了极大的方便。
The L.L.L.image intensifier is the key sensor of a L.L.L.night vision.It can increase the brightness of the faint image to be seen.The L.L.L.image intensifier is applied te many fields such as the L.L.L night vision,the ray radiation test,the photography,and se on.The S/N ratio is a very important performance specification for a L.L.L.image intensifier.This article is about the programming for the database and the test skills for the screen correction coefficient after the S/N ratio is test.
The wave-filtrated Characteristic that the low-frequency can only pass for a L.L.L. image intensifier system mainly results in the screen correction coefficient,so the system can be regarded as a model of the linear low-frequency-pass filter.For this model,we can know the decreased power of the system by analyzing the power chart of the model with Fourier transform.Calculating the output signals can get the screen correction coefficient besides the original the S/N ratio test without any hardware added.
In order to manage the database of the S/N ratio,a database has been used besides the previous software for the S/N ratio test.By Access database and ODBC visit,all the parameters,including time,type,serial number,S/N ratio,screen correction coefficient and so on,can be organized in a database.Some functions,such as canceling,refreshing, correcting,inserting,searching and so on,can be supplied.
The experiment has proved the method for testing the screen correction coefficient. The test result is very close to what the manufacturer shows.This test method is very precise and reliable.Moreover,the added database is very convenient for the practical test.
荧光屏修正系数产生的主要原因是受到像增强器系统低通滤波特性的影响,因而可以将系统等效为一个线性低通滤波器模型,通过傅立叶变换方法分析模型的功率谱可以等效分析出系统的功率衰减,因此荧光屏修正系数的测试只需在原有信噪比测试的基础上直接对输出信号进行计算,不需增加任何硬件。
为便于对测试数据的管理,在原有的信噪比测试软件的基础上加入了数据库功能,采用Access数据库和ODBC访问方式对微光像增强器信噪比测试过程中的测试时间、型号、序列号、信噪比、荧光屏修正系数等参数以数据库方式进行管理,提供了刷新、删除、修改、添加和查询记录等功能。
通过实验验证,荧光屏修正系数测试方案可行,测试结果与像增强器生产商提供的数据基本一致,有较强的稳定性和较高的精度。增加的数据库功能也为实际测试工作中的数据管理提供了极大的方便。
The L.L.L.image intensifier is the key sensor of a L.L.L.night vision.It can increase the brightness of the faint image to be seen.The L.L.L.image intensifier is applied te many fields such as the L.L.L night vision,the ray radiation test,the photography,and se on.The S/N ratio is a very important performance specification for a L.L.L.image intensifier.This article is about the programming for the database and the test skills for the screen correction coefficient after the S/N ratio is test.
The wave-filtrated Characteristic that the low-frequency can only pass for a L.L.L. image intensifier system mainly results in the screen correction coefficient,so the system can be regarded as a model of the linear low-frequency-pass filter.For this model,we can know the decreased power of the system by analyzing the power chart of the model with Fourier transform.Calculating the output signals can get the screen correction coefficient besides the original the S/N ratio test without any hardware added.
In order to manage the database of the S/N ratio,a database has been used besides the previous software for the S/N ratio test.By Access database and ODBC visit,all the parameters,including time,type,serial number,S/N ratio,screen correction coefficient and so on,can be organized in a database.Some functions,such as canceling,refreshing, correcting,inserting,searching and so on,can be supplied.
The experiment has proved the method for testing the screen correction coefficient. The test result is very close to what the manufacturer shows.This test method is very precise and reliable.Moreover,the added database is very convenient for the practical test.
引文
1.向世明,倪国强.光电子成像器件原理.北京:国防工业出版社,1999
2.方如章,刘玉凤.光电器件.北京:国防工业出版社,1988
3.王君容,薛召南等.光电子器件.北京:国防工业出版社,1982
4.A.H.萨默.光电发射材料—制备、特性与应用.北京:科学出版社,1979
5.刘元震,王仲春,董亚强.电子发射与光电阴极.北京:北京理工大学出版社,1995
6.张鸣平,张敬贤,李玉丹.夜视技术.北京:北京理工大学出版社,1993
7.潘万聪主编.国外军用微光夜视器材手册.北京:兵器工业出版社,1991
8.白廷柱,阎广建.像管的信噪比传递函数及静态分析.北京理工大学学报.1997,Vol.17(1):31-35
9.刘宇,马月琴.一种新的微光像增强器综合测试系统.应用光学.1997,Vol.18(3):17-22
10.车晶,扬伟毅,李晓峰,常本康.二代像增强器MCP的XPS分析.南京理工大学学报.1998,Vol.21(2):149-152
11.常本康,雷远清,车晶,郭良,崔开源.Ⅱ代像增强器等效背景噪声特性的研究.兵工学报.2001,Vol.22(2):199-200
12.车晶,房春光,左晓强,常本康.温差法降低碱金属对倒像管玷污的研究.真空科学与技术.2001,Vol.21(6):478-480
13.雷远清.降低二代微光像增强器噪声的理论与实践研究.硕士学位论文.南京理工大学.1999.1
14.J.C.Lupo.The theory and measurement of the signal-to-noise ratio of second generation image intensifiers.Optica Acta.1972,Vo1.19(8):651-656
15.S.D.Avdeev and E.V.Gritskevich.Procedure for calculating signal-to-noise ratio in a image intensifiers tube.Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii.1988,Vol.31(11):73-77
16.常本康.多碱光电阴极—机理、特性与应用.北京:机械工业出版社,1995
17.薛增泉.碱金属锑化物光电阴极的结构和发展机理.无线电电子学汇刊.1986(4):54-61
18.吴全德.银氧铯和多碱光电阴极的若干问题.红外技术.1979(4):1-25
19.常本康.碱金属对光电成像器件污染的探讨.应用光学.1983(4):1-5
20.常本康,刘元震,谷文胜.多碱光电阴极光吸收系数的研究.光学学报.1992,12(1):87-91
21.常本康.New S25与LEP光电阴极光谱响应特性的研究.光学学报.1994,14(5):465-468
22.宗志园,常本康.S25系列光电阴极的光谱响应计算机拟合研究.南京理工大学学报,1998,Vol.22(3):228-231
23.Jacques Dupuy,Joost Schrijvers,Gerard Wolzak.XX1610 the "Super second generation" image intensifier.Proc SPIE Image Intensification.1989,1072:13-18
24.Pierre Dolizy.Optical methods for investigating alkali antimonide photocathodes.Vacuun.1980,30(11/12):489-495
25.Pierre dolizy,Olympio De Luca,Marie-Anne Deloron.锑、钠、钾、铯型多碱锑化物的光电发射.高鲁山等译.红外技术.1985 7(1):50-53:(2):42-48;(3):61-64;(4):58-63:(5)49-58
26.J.J.Scheer and J.Vanlaar.GaAs-Cs:a new type of photoemitter.Solid State Communications 1965,Vol.3:189-193
27.W.A.Gutierrez and H.D.Pommerrenig.High-sensitivity transmission-mode GaAs photocathode.Applied PhysicsLetters.1973,Vol.22(6):292-293
28.GW.A.Gutierrez,H.L.Wilson and E.M.Yee.GaAs transmission photocathode grown by hybrid epitaxy.Applied Physics Letters.1974,Vol.25(9):482-483
29.J.P.Andre,P.Giittard,J.Hallais and C.Piaget.GaAs photocathodes for low light level imaging Journal of Crystal Growth.1981,Vol.55:235-245
30.J.C.Richard and E.Roaux.Low light level imaging tube with GaAs photocathode.Vacuum.1980,Vol.30(11/12):549-550
31.A.A.Turnbull and G.B.Evans.Photoemission from GaAs-Cs-O.Journal of Physics D:Applied Physics.1968,Vol.1:155-160
32.C.Y.Su,I.Lindau and W.E.Spicer.Photoemission studies of the oxidation of Cs identification of the multiple structures of oxygen species.Chemical Physics Letters.1982,Vol.87(6):523-527
33.G.A.Allen.The performance of negative electron affinity photocathode.Journal of Physics D:Applied Physics.1971,Vol.4:308-317
34.宁克明,李志强.信号分析的数据采集.北京:国防工业出版社,1992
35.王世一.数字信号处理.北京:北京理工大学出版社,2000.
36.董绍平,王洋,陈世耕.数字信号处理基础.哈尔滨工业大学出版社,1992
37.特雷尔(英)等.数字滤波器引论.北京:清华大学出版社,1992
38.博格纳(英)等.数字滤波器导论.北京:国防工业出版社,1990
39.拉姆(美)等.模拟和数字滤波器的设计和实现.北京:人民邮电出版社,1985
40.黄席椿,高顺泉编著.滤波器综合法设计原理.北京:人民邮电出版社,1978
41.滤波器综合法设计原理.北京:人民邮电出版社,1978
42.Michael.J.Young(美)等.Visual C++6.0从入门到精通.北京:电子工业出版社,1998
43.Jesse Liberty(美)著.C++编程实例详解.北京:电子工业出版社,2001
44.胡哲源。掌握Visual C++:MFC程序设计与剖析.北京:清华大学出版社,2001
45.罗晓沛.数据库技术.北京:清华大学出版社1999
46.梁灿,赵艳铎.Access数据库应用基础教程.北京:清华大学出版社2005
2.方如章,刘玉凤.光电器件.北京:国防工业出版社,1988
3.王君容,薛召南等.光电子器件.北京:国防工业出版社,1982
4.A.H.萨默.光电发射材料—制备、特性与应用.北京:科学出版社,1979
5.刘元震,王仲春,董亚强.电子发射与光电阴极.北京:北京理工大学出版社,1995
6.张鸣平,张敬贤,李玉丹.夜视技术.北京:北京理工大学出版社,1993
7.潘万聪主编.国外军用微光夜视器材手册.北京:兵器工业出版社,1991
8.白廷柱,阎广建.像管的信噪比传递函数及静态分析.北京理工大学学报.1997,Vol.17(1):31-35
9.刘宇,马月琴.一种新的微光像增强器综合测试系统.应用光学.1997,Vol.18(3):17-22
10.车晶,扬伟毅,李晓峰,常本康.二代像增强器MCP的XPS分析.南京理工大学学报.1998,Vol.21(2):149-152
11.常本康,雷远清,车晶,郭良,崔开源.Ⅱ代像增强器等效背景噪声特性的研究.兵工学报.2001,Vol.22(2):199-200
12.车晶,房春光,左晓强,常本康.温差法降低碱金属对倒像管玷污的研究.真空科学与技术.2001,Vol.21(6):478-480
13.雷远清.降低二代微光像增强器噪声的理论与实践研究.硕士学位论文.南京理工大学.1999.1
14.J.C.Lupo.The theory and measurement of the signal-to-noise ratio of second generation image intensifiers.Optica Acta.1972,Vo1.19(8):651-656
15.S.D.Avdeev and E.V.Gritskevich.Procedure for calculating signal-to-noise ratio in a image intensifiers tube.Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii.1988,Vol.31(11):73-77
16.常本康.多碱光电阴极—机理、特性与应用.北京:机械工业出版社,1995
17.薛增泉.碱金属锑化物光电阴极的结构和发展机理.无线电电子学汇刊.1986(4):54-61
18.吴全德.银氧铯和多碱光电阴极的若干问题.红外技术.1979(4):1-25
19.常本康.碱金属对光电成像器件污染的探讨.应用光学.1983(4):1-5
20.常本康,刘元震,谷文胜.多碱光电阴极光吸收系数的研究.光学学报.1992,12(1):87-91
21.常本康.New S25与LEP光电阴极光谱响应特性的研究.光学学报.1994,14(5):465-468
22.宗志园,常本康.S25系列光电阴极的光谱响应计算机拟合研究.南京理工大学学报,1998,Vol.22(3):228-231
23.Jacques Dupuy,Joost Schrijvers,Gerard Wolzak.XX1610 the "Super second generation" image intensifier.Proc SPIE Image Intensification.1989,1072:13-18
24.Pierre Dolizy.Optical methods for investigating alkali antimonide photocathodes.Vacuun.1980,30(11/12):489-495
25.Pierre dolizy,Olympio De Luca,Marie-Anne Deloron.锑、钠、钾、铯型多碱锑化物的光电发射.高鲁山等译.红外技术.1985 7(1):50-53:(2):42-48;(3):61-64;(4):58-63:(5)49-58
26.J.J.Scheer and J.Vanlaar.GaAs-Cs:a new type of photoemitter.Solid State Communications 1965,Vol.3:189-193
27.W.A.Gutierrez and H.D.Pommerrenig.High-sensitivity transmission-mode GaAs photocathode.Applied PhysicsLetters.1973,Vol.22(6):292-293
28.GW.A.Gutierrez,H.L.Wilson and E.M.Yee.GaAs transmission photocathode grown by hybrid epitaxy.Applied Physics Letters.1974,Vol.25(9):482-483
29.J.P.Andre,P.Giittard,J.Hallais and C.Piaget.GaAs photocathodes for low light level imaging Journal of Crystal Growth.1981,Vol.55:235-245
30.J.C.Richard and E.Roaux.Low light level imaging tube with GaAs photocathode.Vacuum.1980,Vol.30(11/12):549-550
31.A.A.Turnbull and G.B.Evans.Photoemission from GaAs-Cs-O.Journal of Physics D:Applied Physics.1968,Vol.1:155-160
32.C.Y.Su,I.Lindau and W.E.Spicer.Photoemission studies of the oxidation of Cs identification of the multiple structures of oxygen species.Chemical Physics Letters.1982,Vol.87(6):523-527
33.G.A.Allen.The performance of negative electron affinity photocathode.Journal of Physics D:Applied Physics.1971,Vol.4:308-317
34.宁克明,李志强.信号分析的数据采集.北京:国防工业出版社,1992
35.王世一.数字信号处理.北京:北京理工大学出版社,2000.
36.董绍平,王洋,陈世耕.数字信号处理基础.哈尔滨工业大学出版社,1992
37.特雷尔(英)等.数字滤波器引论.北京:清华大学出版社,1992
38.博格纳(英)等.数字滤波器导论.北京:国防工业出版社,1990
39.拉姆(美)等.模拟和数字滤波器的设计和实现.北京:人民邮电出版社,1985
40.黄席椿,高顺泉编著.滤波器综合法设计原理.北京:人民邮电出版社,1978
41.滤波器综合法设计原理.北京:人民邮电出版社,1978
42.Michael.J.Young(美)等.Visual C++6.0从入门到精通.北京:电子工业出版社,1998
43.Jesse Liberty(美)著.C++编程实例详解.北京:电子工业出版社,2001
44.胡哲源。掌握Visual C++:MFC程序设计与剖析.北京:清华大学出版社,2001
45.罗晓沛.数据库技术.北京:清华大学出版社1999
46.梁灿,赵艳铎.Access数据库应用基础教程.北京:清华大学出版社2005