基于委托代理的中医药知识传承影响机理研究
|
摘要
随着知识经济在全球范围内的兴起,知识管理日益成为组织日常管理活动的主题和重点,而医院作为一个典型的知识密集型和人才密集型的知识型组织,有效实施知识管理,提高整个医院的医疗服务质量,已经成为医院管理中的一个重要部分,一直以传统中医药特色为治疗方法的中医院也不例外,中医院应该抓住这一契机,积极地推进中医药知识的传承,将中医药事业发扬光大。
在上述背景下,本文主要采用理论推导与实证研究相结合的方法,对中医药知识传承的影响机理进行了较为深入的研究。论文的研究工作主要包括以下几个方面：(1)通过文献综述,系统地梳理了国内外关于知识转移理论、委托代理理论的研究；(2)运用委托代理理论建立了中医药知识传承的委托代理模型,得出中医药知识传承的影响因素和机理,并进一步提出理论假设；(3)以南京的五家中医院的中医师为调查对象,通过访谈和问卷调查,获取有效问卷207份(4)运用SPSS19.0软件对数据的信度和效度进行检验,并运用LISREL8.70软件建立结构方程模型,以检验实证资料对研究假设的支持程度。
通过上述研究工作,本文证明了传授意愿和继承意愿在其他因素对中医药知识传承作用中的中介效应,并提出中医院要建立学习型组织,提高医务人员参与传承的意愿,同时还要针对中医院内中医药知识转移主体构建激励机制和绩效考核机制,以促进中医院内部知识市场的有效运转,为中医院开展中医药知识传承活动提供了一定的理论和操作层面的参考。
Along with the rising of knowledge-based economy in the word, the knowledge management gradually became the theme and key point of organizations management. Because hospital is a typical knowledge-intensive and talent-intensive knowledge organization, it is especially press for effectively knowledge management to improve the whole hospital medical service quality. Hospital of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is no exception, which should seize this opportunity to promote the knowledge of TCM inheritance and make it carry forward.
In this background, the research mainly adopts the method of theory and empirical study to dig into the impact mechanism of TCM inheritance. The research work includes several aspects:(1) analysize the researchs of domestic and oversea by study the literature review,(2) establish the principal-agent model of TCM inheritance by the principal-agent theory, and get the influence factors and mechanism, then raise theoretical assumption (3) make the doctors in five hospital of TCM in Nanjing as the study object, and the total number of valid questionnaires is207,(4) use the SPSS19.0to evaluation the reliability and validity of the data and use the LISREL8.7to making structure equation model(SEM).
Through the above research, it shows teaching intention and inheritance intention play the roles as intermediary variable in the influence of the knowledge of TCM inheritance. According to the results, the hospital of TCM should establish the learning organization to improve the doctors'will in the inheritance program and establish incentive mechanism and performance evaluation mechanism, which may provide some advice for the development of the hospital of TCM.
在上述背景下,本文主要采用理论推导与实证研究相结合的方法,对中医药知识传承的影响机理进行了较为深入的研究。论文的研究工作主要包括以下几个方面：(1)通过文献综述,系统地梳理了国内外关于知识转移理论、委托代理理论的研究；(2)运用委托代理理论建立了中医药知识传承的委托代理模型,得出中医药知识传承的影响因素和机理,并进一步提出理论假设；(3)以南京的五家中医院的中医师为调查对象,通过访谈和问卷调查,获取有效问卷207份(4)运用SPSS19.0软件对数据的信度和效度进行检验,并运用LISREL8.70软件建立结构方程模型,以检验实证资料对研究假设的支持程度。
通过上述研究工作,本文证明了传授意愿和继承意愿在其他因素对中医药知识传承作用中的中介效应,并提出中医院要建立学习型组织,提高医务人员参与传承的意愿,同时还要针对中医院内中医药知识转移主体构建激励机制和绩效考核机制,以促进中医院内部知识市场的有效运转,为中医院开展中医药知识传承活动提供了一定的理论和操作层面的参考。
Along with the rising of knowledge-based economy in the word, the knowledge management gradually became the theme and key point of organizations management. Because hospital is a typical knowledge-intensive and talent-intensive knowledge organization, it is especially press for effectively knowledge management to improve the whole hospital medical service quality. Hospital of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is no exception, which should seize this opportunity to promote the knowledge of TCM inheritance and make it carry forward.
In this background, the research mainly adopts the method of theory and empirical study to dig into the impact mechanism of TCM inheritance. The research work includes several aspects:(1) analysize the researchs of domestic and oversea by study the literature review,(2) establish the principal-agent model of TCM inheritance by the principal-agent theory, and get the influence factors and mechanism, then raise theoretical assumption (3) make the doctors in five hospital of TCM in Nanjing as the study object, and the total number of valid questionnaires is207,(4) use the SPSS19.0to evaluation the reliability and validity of the data and use the LISREL8.7to making structure equation model(SEM).
Through the above research, it shows teaching intention and inheritance intention play the roles as intermediary variable in the influence of the knowledge of TCM inheritance. According to the results, the hospital of TCM should establish the learning organization to improve the doctors'will in the inheritance program and establish incentive mechanism and performance evaluation mechanism, which may provide some advice for the development of the hospital of TCM.
引文
[1]OECD. The knowledge based economy[C]. Paris: OECD, 1996:12.
[2]Nonaka I. The knowledge-creating company[J]. Harvard Business Review, 1991,69 (6):96-105.
[3]崔庆荣,邓沂.浅谈名老中医临床经验的传承教育[J].卫生职业教育,2005,12：77.
[4]颜巧元,张亮.医院知识管理研究现状及发展分析[J].解放军医院管理杂志,2009,16(11)：1083-1084.
[5]Zazzara P. Operationalizing knowledge management in health care [J].Top Health Inf Manage, 2001,21(3): 1-7.
[6]周典,陈柏钧.医院知识管理与技术创新[J].中华医院管理杂志,2003(4)：193-196.
[7]边瑛,周世伟,李潇潇等.现阶段医院知识管理问题与对策[J].华南国防医学杂志,2008(4)：61-62.
[8]周典,刘心报.基于医院技术创新体系的知识管理模式研究[J].中国科技论坛,2007,11：111-115.
[9]胡西厚,陈树军,王久永等.基于知识转移的医患关系管理[J].中国医院管理,2009,29(3)：44-45.
[10]贺铭珠.基于医生转移意愿的医患知识转移影响机理研究[D].杭州：浙江大学,2010.
[11]宋红,吴海波.浅谈青年医学生如何继承名颜巧元老中1医学术经验[J].中华中医药杂志,2007,增刊：81-82.
[12]王东坡,马燕冬,李宇航等.古代中医传承师徒标准文献研究[J].中医教育ECM,2008,27(])：64-66.
[13]范宇鹏,毛炜等.从隐性知识管理角度探讨名医工作室在中医传承工作中的作用[J].中医药管理杂志,2009,17(3)：193-195.
[14]刘学勤,刘明照,刘静生.中医传承与创新我见[C].中华中医药学会第六届中医体质学术研讨会暨2008年国际传统医药创新与发展态势论坛,2008：9-14.
[15]宋欣阳,徐强.从传播视角对当代中医传承困境的解读[J].中医教育ECM,2010,29(6)：30-32.
[16]赵寿康.浅淡中国文化及中医的传承[C].第十届全国易学与科学学术研讨会论文集,2008：19-21.
[17]赵雪松,杜荣等.师徒模式下隐性知识共享的障碍及解决方案[J].预测,2006,25(5)：35-39.
[18]杨丽丽.师徒模式下个体技能型隐性知识的转移机制探析[J].华东经济管理,2010,24(6)：98-102,
[19]Hedlund G. A model of knowledge management and the N-Form corporation [J]. Strategic Management Journal,1994,15(Summer):73-90.
[20]Leonard B D & Sensiper S. The role of tacit knowledge in group innovation [J]. California Management Review, 1998,40(3):112-132.
[21]Polanyi, M. The tacit dimension [M]. New York:Doubleday & Company Inc.1966:4.
[22]Nonaka I & Takeuchi H. The Knowledge-Creating Company [M].Oxford University Press, New York, 1995:58.
[23]艾钢阳等.医学论[M].北京.科学出版社,1986：21.
[24]刘喜明，苏凤哲，路洁.名老中医经验传承的现状和未来走向[J].世界中西医结合杂志,2009,4(3)：153-155.
[25]徐春波,王思成,贺兴东等.名老中医传承研究模式与研究方法[J].世界中医药,2009,4(6)：342-344.
[26]杨志敏,老膺荣,范宇鹏等.基十中医知识特点,引入知识管理,探索传承新模式[C].2009广州：传统医药国际科技大会暨博览会：59-62.
[27]Teece D. Technology transfer by multinational firms:the resource cost of transferring technological know-how [J].The Economic Journal,1977, (87):242-261.
[28]Szulanski G. Exploring internal stickiness:impediments to the transfer of best practice within the firm [J]. Strategic Management Journal,1996, 17(Win):27-43.
[29]Gilbert M. & Cordey-Hayes. Undemanding the process of knowledge transfer to achieve successful technological innovation [J]. Technovation, 1996, 16(6):301-312.
[30]田慧敏,李南,邓丹.弱连接在促进隐藏隐性知识转移中的作用[J].科技进步与对策,2005,6：18-20
[31]Davenport T H & Prusak L. Working knowledge:how organizations manage what they know [M]. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, MA, 1998:52.
[32]疏礼兵.企业研发团队内部知识转移的过程机制与影响因素研究[M].杭州：浙江大学出版社,2008：87-88.
[33]左美云.知识转移与企业信息化[M].北京：科学出版社,2006(8)：35
[34]张大为,汪克夷.知识转移研究述评与展望[J].科技进步与对策,2009,26(19)：196-200.
[35]Constant D, Kiesler S & Sproull L. What's mine is ours, or is it? A study of attitudes about information sharing [J]. Information system research, 1994, 5(4):400-421.
[36]Wah C Y,Menkhoff T, Loh B,et al. Social capital and knowledge sharing in knowledge-based organizations: An empirical study [J]. International Journal of Knowledge Management, 2007,3(1):29-48
[37]Bock G M, Zmud R W& Kirn Y G, et al. Intention formation in knowledge sharing:examining the Roles of extrinsic motivators, social-psychological forces, and organizational climate [J].MIS Quarterly,2005, 29(1):87-111
[38]Lin H F. Effects of extrinsic and intrinsic motivation on employee knowledge sharing intentions [J]. Journal of Information Science,2007,3(2):135-149.
[39]Von Hippel E. (1987). Cooperation between rivals:Informal know-how trading. Research Policy, 16(6), 291-302.
[40]林昭文,张同健等.基于互惠动机的个体间隐性知识转移研究[J].科研管理,2008.29(4)：28-33.
[41]蒲勇健,刘敬伟等.互惠性偏好、知识转移与知识黑心化的相关性研究[J].科技管理研究,2009,10：412-415
[42]唐炎华,石金涛.我国知识型员工知识转移的动机实定研究[J].管理工程学报，2007,1：29-34
[43]Simonin B L. Ambiguity and the process of knowledge transfer in strategic alliances [J].Strategic Management Journal. 1999,20(7):595-623.
[44]Baughn Denekmp Stevens & Osborn. Protecting intellectual capital in international alliances[J]. Journal of World Business,1997. 32(2):103-117.
[45]周密,姚芳,姚小涛.员工知识共享、知识共享意愿与信任基础[J].软科学,2006,20(3)：109-113.
[46]李一楠.母子公司知识转移研究[D].济南：山东大学,2009.
[47]Cohen W & Levinthal D. Absorptive capacity:a new perspective on learning and innovation [J]. Administrative science quarterly, 1990, 35:128-152.
[48]Cummings J L & Teng B. Transferring R&D knowledge: the key factors affecting knowledge transfer success [J]. Journal of engineering and technology management, 2003, 20:39-68.
[49]Zander U & Kogut B. Knowledge and the speed of transfer and imitation of organizational capabilities:an empirical test [J]. Organization Science, 1995,6(1):76-92.
[50]Galbraith, C S. Transferring core manufacturing technologies in high technology firms [J]. California management review, 1990, 32(4):56-70.
[5l]吴勇慧.组织内个体层面知识转移影响因素研究[D].杭州：浙江大学,2004.
[52]马骏,仲伟周,陈燕.基于知识转移情境的知识转移成本影响因素分析[J].北京工商大学学报,2007,22(3)：102-108.
[53]Ajzen I. The theory of planned behavior:Organizational behavior and human decision processes, 1991, 50:179-2117.
[54]Chini T C. Effective knowledge transfer in multinational corporations [M]. Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan, 2004.
[55]Goh S C. Managing effective knowledge transfer: an integrative framework and some practice implications [J]. Journal of knowledge management, 2002, 6(1):23-30.
[56]薛丽莉.个人向组织知识转移的影响因素研究[D].杭州：浙江工业大学,2008.
[57]潘颖雯,杨静,鄢飞.员工知识共享意愿激励机制概念模型的构建[J].西安工程大学学报,2008,22(6)：779-784.
[58]朱亚丽,徐青,吴旭辉.网络密度对企业间知识转移效果的影响—以转移双方企业转移意愿为中介变量的实证研究.[J].科学学研究,2011,29(3)：427-431
[59]Sappington D. Incentives in principal-agent relationships [J]. Journal of economic perspective,1991, 5(2):45-66.
[60]张维迎.博弈论与信息经济学[M].上海人民出版社,2005：236
[61]穆荣,张同建.隐性知识转移的不完全合约激励措施研究—基于经济人假设与互惠性假设条件下的对比性博弈均衡分析[J].情报理论与实践,2011,34(1)：68-71
[62]徐玖平,陈书建.不对称信息下风险投资的委托代理模型研究[J].系统工程理论与实践,2004,1(1)：19-24.
[63]樊斌,鞠晓峰.不完全信息条件下知识共享激励机制研究[J].科学学研究,2009,27(9)：1365-1368
[64]李文华,韩锋.企业内知识共享的博弈分析与应用[J].西安电子科技大学学报(社会科学版),2009,19(4)：65-70.
[65]Holmstrom B, Milgrom P. Aggregation and linearity in the provision of intertemporal Incentives [J]. Economics and Organization.1987,(55):303-328. 参考文献
[67]Smith C K, Polis E & Hadac R R.Characteristics of the initial medical interview associated with patient
satisfaction and understanding. [J].The Journal of Family Practice, 1981, 12(2)；283—288.
[68]Lane P J & Lubaklkin M.Relative absorptive capacity and interorganizational learning[J].Strategic
Management Journal,1998,19(5):461-477.
[69]顾海.管理学[M].北京中国医药科技出版社,2005：218.
[70]Hansen M. The search transfer problem:the role of weak ties in sharing knowledge across organization[J].
Administrative Science Quarterly,1999.
[71]Connelly.Predictors of employees'perceptions of knowledge sharing cultures[J].Leadership&
Organization Development Journal,2003,24(3):708-711.
[72]Lin H F & Lee G G. Perception of senior managers toward knowledge-sharing behavior [J].Management
decision,2004,42(1):108-125.
[73]Hoof B ＆ Ridder J.Knowledge sharing in context:the influence of organizational commitment,
communication climate and CMC use on knowledge sharing[J].Journal of Knowledge Management, 2004,
8(6):117-130.
[74]王三义,谢铁山.企业间知识转移影响要素分析[J].中州学刊,2007(2)：58-60.
[75]Dixon N M.Common knowledge: how companies thrive by sha ring what they know[M].Boston:
Harvard Business School Press,2000：79.
[76]刘岩芳,张庆普.基于生命周期的大学—企业知识转移过程及其动因研究[J].科技进步与对策,
2011.1,28(2):133-136.
[77]Zarraga C & Bonache J.Assessing the team environment for knowledge sharing:an empirical analysis[J].
International Journal of Human Resource Management, 2003,14(7):1227-1245.
[78]邹艳,王晓新等.共建模式下企业合作创新知识转移影响因素的实证研究[J].科学学研
究,2009,27(4)：617-620.
[79]李怀祖.管理研究方法论(第2版)[M].西安：西安交通大学出版社,2004：146.
[80]张文彤.SPSS11.0 统计分析教程(高级篇)[M].北京: 北京希望电子出版社2002: 192、213.
[81]侯杰泰,温心麟,成子娟.结构方程模型及其应用[M].北京：教育出版社,2004：156.160.
[82陈冰, 张子龙, 赵敏等. 我国中医药立法制约因素浅析[J].医学与社会，2011, 24(7): 73-74.
[2]Nonaka I. The knowledge-creating company[J]. Harvard Business Review, 1991,69 (6):96-105.
[3]崔庆荣,邓沂.浅谈名老中医临床经验的传承教育[J].卫生职业教育,2005,12：77.
[4]颜巧元,张亮.医院知识管理研究现状及发展分析[J].解放军医院管理杂志,2009,16(11)：1083-1084.
[5]Zazzara P. Operationalizing knowledge management in health care [J].Top Health Inf Manage, 2001,21(3): 1-7.
[6]周典,陈柏钧.医院知识管理与技术创新[J].中华医院管理杂志,2003(4)：193-196.
[7]边瑛,周世伟,李潇潇等.现阶段医院知识管理问题与对策[J].华南国防医学杂志,2008(4)：61-62.
[8]周典,刘心报.基于医院技术创新体系的知识管理模式研究[J].中国科技论坛,2007,11：111-115.
[9]胡西厚,陈树军,王久永等.基于知识转移的医患关系管理[J].中国医院管理,2009,29(3)：44-45.
[10]贺铭珠.基于医生转移意愿的医患知识转移影响机理研究[D].杭州：浙江大学,2010.
[11]宋红,吴海波.浅谈青年医学生如何继承名颜巧元老中1医学术经验[J].中华中医药杂志,2007,增刊：81-82.
[12]王东坡,马燕冬,李宇航等.古代中医传承师徒标准文献研究[J].中医教育ECM,2008,27(])：64-66.
[13]范宇鹏,毛炜等.从隐性知识管理角度探讨名医工作室在中医传承工作中的作用[J].中医药管理杂志,2009,17(3)：193-195.
[14]刘学勤,刘明照,刘静生.中医传承与创新我见[C].中华中医药学会第六届中医体质学术研讨会暨2008年国际传统医药创新与发展态势论坛,2008：9-14.
[15]宋欣阳,徐强.从传播视角对当代中医传承困境的解读[J].中医教育ECM,2010,29(6)：30-32.
[16]赵寿康.浅淡中国文化及中医的传承[C].第十届全国易学与科学学术研讨会论文集,2008：19-21.
[17]赵雪松,杜荣等.师徒模式下隐性知识共享的障碍及解决方案[J].预测,2006,25(5)：35-39.
[18]杨丽丽.师徒模式下个体技能型隐性知识的转移机制探析[J].华东经济管理,2010,24(6)：98-102,
[19]Hedlund G. A model of knowledge management and the N-Form corporation [J]. Strategic Management Journal,1994,15(Summer):73-90.
[20]Leonard B D & Sensiper S. The role of tacit knowledge in group innovation [J]. California Management Review, 1998,40(3):112-132.
[21]Polanyi, M. The tacit dimension [M]. New York:Doubleday & Company Inc.1966:4.
[22]Nonaka I & Takeuchi H. The Knowledge-Creating Company [M].Oxford University Press, New York, 1995:58.
[23]艾钢阳等.医学论[M].北京.科学出版社,1986：21.
[24]刘喜明，苏凤哲，路洁.名老中医经验传承的现状和未来走向[J].世界中西医结合杂志,2009,4(3)：153-155.
[25]徐春波,王思成,贺兴东等.名老中医传承研究模式与研究方法[J].世界中医药,2009,4(6)：342-344.
[26]杨志敏,老膺荣,范宇鹏等.基十中医知识特点,引入知识管理,探索传承新模式[C].2009广州：传统医药国际科技大会暨博览会：59-62.
[27]Teece D. Technology transfer by multinational firms:the resource cost of transferring technological know-how [J].The Economic Journal,1977, (87):242-261.
[28]Szulanski G. Exploring internal stickiness:impediments to the transfer of best practice within the firm [J]. Strategic Management Journal,1996, 17(Win):27-43.
[29]Gilbert M. & Cordey-Hayes. Undemanding the process of knowledge transfer to achieve successful technological innovation [J]. Technovation, 1996, 16(6):301-312.
[30]田慧敏,李南,邓丹.弱连接在促进隐藏隐性知识转移中的作用[J].科技进步与对策,2005,6：18-20
[31]Davenport T H & Prusak L. Working knowledge:how organizations manage what they know [M]. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, MA, 1998:52.
[32]疏礼兵.企业研发团队内部知识转移的过程机制与影响因素研究[M].杭州：浙江大学出版社,2008：87-88.
[33]左美云.知识转移与企业信息化[M].北京：科学出版社,2006(8)：35
[34]张大为,汪克夷.知识转移研究述评与展望[J].科技进步与对策,2009,26(19)：196-200.
[35]Constant D, Kiesler S & Sproull L. What's mine is ours, or is it? A study of attitudes about information sharing [J]. Information system research, 1994, 5(4):400-421.
[36]Wah C Y,Menkhoff T, Loh B,et al. Social capital and knowledge sharing in knowledge-based organizations: An empirical study [J]. International Journal of Knowledge Management, 2007,3(1):29-48
[37]Bock G M, Zmud R W& Kirn Y G, et al. Intention formation in knowledge sharing:examining the Roles of extrinsic motivators, social-psychological forces, and organizational climate [J].MIS Quarterly,2005, 29(1):87-111
[38]Lin H F. Effects of extrinsic and intrinsic motivation on employee knowledge sharing intentions [J]. Journal of Information Science,2007,3(2):135-149.
[39]Von Hippel E. (1987). Cooperation between rivals:Informal know-how trading. Research Policy, 16(6), 291-302.
[40]林昭文,张同健等.基于互惠动机的个体间隐性知识转移研究[J].科研管理,2008.29(4)：28-33.
[41]蒲勇健,刘敬伟等.互惠性偏好、知识转移与知识黑心化的相关性研究[J].科技管理研究,2009,10：412-415
[42]唐炎华,石金涛.我国知识型员工知识转移的动机实定研究[J].管理工程学报，2007,1：29-34
[43]Simonin B L. Ambiguity and the process of knowledge transfer in strategic alliances [J].Strategic Management Journal. 1999,20(7):595-623.
[44]Baughn Denekmp Stevens & Osborn. Protecting intellectual capital in international alliances[J]. Journal of World Business,1997. 32(2):103-117.
[45]周密,姚芳,姚小涛.员工知识共享、知识共享意愿与信任基础[J].软科学,2006,20(3)：109-113.
[46]李一楠.母子公司知识转移研究[D].济南：山东大学,2009.
[47]Cohen W & Levinthal D. Absorptive capacity:a new perspective on learning and innovation [J]. Administrative science quarterly, 1990, 35:128-152.
[48]Cummings J L & Teng B. Transferring R&D knowledge: the key factors affecting knowledge transfer success [J]. Journal of engineering and technology management, 2003, 20:39-68.
[49]Zander U & Kogut B. Knowledge and the speed of transfer and imitation of organizational capabilities:an empirical test [J]. Organization Science, 1995,6(1):76-92.
[50]Galbraith, C S. Transferring core manufacturing technologies in high technology firms [J]. California management review, 1990, 32(4):56-70.
[5l]吴勇慧.组织内个体层面知识转移影响因素研究[D].杭州：浙江大学,2004.
[52]马骏,仲伟周,陈燕.基于知识转移情境的知识转移成本影响因素分析[J].北京工商大学学报,2007,22(3)：102-108.
[53]Ajzen I. The theory of planned behavior:Organizational behavior and human decision processes, 1991, 50:179-2117.
[54]Chini T C. Effective knowledge transfer in multinational corporations [M]. Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan, 2004.
[55]Goh S C. Managing effective knowledge transfer: an integrative framework and some practice implications [J]. Journal of knowledge management, 2002, 6(1):23-30.
[56]薛丽莉.个人向组织知识转移的影响因素研究[D].杭州：浙江工业大学,2008.
[57]潘颖雯,杨静,鄢飞.员工知识共享意愿激励机制概念模型的构建[J].西安工程大学学报,2008,22(6)：779-784.
[58]朱亚丽,徐青,吴旭辉.网络密度对企业间知识转移效果的影响—以转移双方企业转移意愿为中介变量的实证研究.[J].科学学研究,2011,29(3)：427-431
[59]Sappington D. Incentives in principal-agent relationships [J]. Journal of economic perspective,1991, 5(2):45-66.
[60]张维迎.博弈论与信息经济学[M].上海人民出版社,2005：236
[61]穆荣,张同建.隐性知识转移的不完全合约激励措施研究—基于经济人假设与互惠性假设条件下的对比性博弈均衡分析[J].情报理论与实践,2011,34(1)：68-71
[62]徐玖平,陈书建.不对称信息下风险投资的委托代理模型研究[J].系统工程理论与实践,2004,1(1)：19-24.
[63]樊斌,鞠晓峰.不完全信息条件下知识共享激励机制研究[J].科学学研究,2009,27(9)：1365-1368
[64]李文华,韩锋.企业内知识共享的博弈分析与应用[J].西安电子科技大学学报(社会科学版),2009,19(4)：65-70.
[65]Holmstrom B, Milgrom P. Aggregation and linearity in the provision of intertemporal Incentives [J]. Economics and Organization.1987,(55):303-328. 参考文献
[67]Smith C K, Polis E & Hadac R R.Characteristics of the initial medical interview associated with patient
satisfaction and understanding. [J].The Journal of Family Practice, 1981, 12(2)；283—288.
[68]Lane P J & Lubaklkin M.Relative absorptive capacity and interorganizational learning[J].Strategic
Management Journal,1998,19(5):461-477.
[69]顾海.管理学[M].北京中国医药科技出版社,2005：218.
[70]Hansen M. The search transfer problem:the role of weak ties in sharing knowledge across organization[J].
Administrative Science Quarterly,1999.
[71]Connelly.Predictors of employees'perceptions of knowledge sharing cultures[J].Leadership&
Organization Development Journal,2003,24(3):708-711.
[72]Lin H F & Lee G G. Perception of senior managers toward knowledge-sharing behavior [J].Management
decision,2004,42(1):108-125.
[73]Hoof B ＆ Ridder J.Knowledge sharing in context:the influence of organizational commitment,
communication climate and CMC use on knowledge sharing[J].Journal of Knowledge Management, 2004,
8(6):117-130.
[74]王三义,谢铁山.企业间知识转移影响要素分析[J].中州学刊,2007(2)：58-60.
[75]Dixon N M.Common knowledge: how companies thrive by sha ring what they know[M].Boston:
Harvard Business School Press,2000：79.
[76]刘岩芳,张庆普.基于生命周期的大学—企业知识转移过程及其动因研究[J].科技进步与对策,
2011.1,28(2):133-136.
[77]Zarraga C & Bonache J.Assessing the team environment for knowledge sharing:an empirical analysis[J].
International Journal of Human Resource Management, 2003,14(7):1227-1245.
[78]邹艳,王晓新等.共建模式下企业合作创新知识转移影响因素的实证研究[J].科学学研
究,2009,27(4)：617-620.
[79]李怀祖.管理研究方法论(第2版)[M].西安：西安交通大学出版社,2004：146.
[80]张文彤.SPSS11.0 统计分析教程(高级篇)[M].北京: 北京希望电子出版社2002: 192、213.
[81]侯杰泰,温心麟,成子娟.结构方程模型及其应用[M].北京：教育出版社,2004：156.160.
[82陈冰, 张子龙, 赵敏等. 我国中医药立法制约因素浅析[J].医学与社会，2011, 24(7): 73-74.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |