临近空间大倾角遥感图像几何校正方法研究
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摘要
随着卫星技术和计算机技术的飞速发展,数字遥感卫星影像已经在各行各业中发挥着越来越大的作用。从遥感影像中提取地球空间信息,需要把遥感影像投影在某一固定的参照系统中并修正原始影像所存在的几何变形,以便进行影像信息的几何量测、相互比较和复合分析。如何将遥感影像精确地投影到规定的参照系统中、准确消除原始影像所存在的几何变形是遥感影像处理和应用的一项关键技术。临近空间,是对海拔20千米到100千米空间范围的一个通用性称谓。长期以来,各国军方大都忽视了临近空间的军事价值,近年来却纷纷开始重视起来,开展了对临近空间的相关技术研究,临近空间大倾角遥感图像几何校正就是其中之一。
本文针对临近空间大倾角遥感图像几何校正技术中的难点问题进行了深入研究,提出了分段多项式校正模型,并通过迭代去除错误控制点算法和均匀分布算法优化了SIFT兴趣算子自动选取控制点的过程,实现了全自动几何校正。
本文首先研究了产生遥感图像几何失真的原因,总结出六方面的因素:传感器成像方式,传感器外方位元素,地形起伏,地球曲率,大气折光和地球自转,并得出了在临近空间条件下图像分辨率随倾角的变化规律。
接下来本文对几何校正模型进行了研究,首先比较了仿射变换校正模型和一般多项式模型,介绍了几何校正的原理和步骤,接着分析了3种重采样算法的优点和不足。最后针对临近空间大倾角失真遥感图像提出了一种分段多项式几何校正方法,取得了理想的校正精度。
在几何校正过程中,控制点的自动选取和准确匹配是影响校正精度的关键。本文在最后研究了几何校正过程中控制点选取的方法,并重点研究了控制点自动选取算法。首先分析了控制点数量对校正模型精度的影响,接着比较了Forstner兴趣算子和SIFT兴趣算子,并研究了错误控制点的迭代去除算法和均匀分布算法。通过迭代去除错误控制点对和均匀分布算法,控制点得到了优化,校正精度得到了显著的提高,并将其利用于分段多项式几何校正算法,达到了亚像元的校正精度。
With the great development of satellites and computer technology, digital remote sensing image is taking a more and more important place in many fields. For geometrical measuring, reciprocal comparison, image compound analysis and etc., the remote sensing images always need to be expressed at a certain projection reference system and eliminate geometric distortion of imagery. How to project remote sensing images onto a certain reference system and keep geometrical position, shape, dimension and orientation of objects unchanged, namely geometrical rectification of remote sensing images, is an essential process in remote sensing image's processing and application. Near space is the space scope from altitude 20km to 100km. For a long time, most countries’military ignored the military value of near space. However, they have begun to pay attention to it, and make scientific researches on technology in near space, the research on geometric correction of near space oblique remote sensing images is one of them.
In this dissertation, an in-depth study of the theory of near space remote sensing image geometric correction is performed. For geometric correction of oblique remote sensing images, the piecewise polynomial correction model is studied, then use the technique of iterative error control points removal and the technique of uniform distribution to optimize the process of control points selection using SIFT operator, and achieve the automatic geometric correction .
This dissertation first studies how the remote sensing picture geometry is distorted, and the dissertation summarizes that there are six aspects. They are sensor imagery mode, sensor element of exterior orientation, hypsography, curvature of the earth, atmosphere refraction and earth rotation, and obtains the image resolution with the changes of angle in the near space conditions.
Then the dissertation studies the geometric correction models. First, compares the affine transformation model and the general polynomial correction model, introduce the principle and steps of the geometric correction method, and analyses the strengths and weaknesses of the three kinds of interpolation methods. Finally, for geometric correction of near space oblique remote sensing images, a piecewise polynomial geometric correction method is studied, and achieved the desired accuracy of calibration.
Detecting control points automatically and accurate matching are the two crucial steps in geometric correction. Finally, the dissertation studies how to choose control points, especially the automatic geometric correction. How the number of control points impact the accuracy of geometrical rectification is studied, then compares Forstner operator and SIFT operator. After that, use the technique of iterative error control points removal and the technique of uniform distribution to optimize the process of control points selection, the accuracy of the correction has been improved, and achieve the sub-pixel accuracy of the correction using these techniques and the piecewise polynomial geometric correction method.
本文针对临近空间大倾角遥感图像几何校正技术中的难点问题进行了深入研究,提出了分段多项式校正模型,并通过迭代去除错误控制点算法和均匀分布算法优化了SIFT兴趣算子自动选取控制点的过程,实现了全自动几何校正。
本文首先研究了产生遥感图像几何失真的原因,总结出六方面的因素:传感器成像方式,传感器外方位元素,地形起伏,地球曲率,大气折光和地球自转,并得出了在临近空间条件下图像分辨率随倾角的变化规律。
接下来本文对几何校正模型进行了研究,首先比较了仿射变换校正模型和一般多项式模型,介绍了几何校正的原理和步骤,接着分析了3种重采样算法的优点和不足。最后针对临近空间大倾角失真遥感图像提出了一种分段多项式几何校正方法,取得了理想的校正精度。
在几何校正过程中,控制点的自动选取和准确匹配是影响校正精度的关键。本文在最后研究了几何校正过程中控制点选取的方法,并重点研究了控制点自动选取算法。首先分析了控制点数量对校正模型精度的影响,接着比较了Forstner兴趣算子和SIFT兴趣算子,并研究了错误控制点的迭代去除算法和均匀分布算法。通过迭代去除错误控制点对和均匀分布算法,控制点得到了优化,校正精度得到了显著的提高,并将其利用于分段多项式几何校正算法,达到了亚像元的校正精度。
With the great development of satellites and computer technology, digital remote sensing image is taking a more and more important place in many fields. For geometrical measuring, reciprocal comparison, image compound analysis and etc., the remote sensing images always need to be expressed at a certain projection reference system and eliminate geometric distortion of imagery. How to project remote sensing images onto a certain reference system and keep geometrical position, shape, dimension and orientation of objects unchanged, namely geometrical rectification of remote sensing images, is an essential process in remote sensing image's processing and application. Near space is the space scope from altitude 20km to 100km. For a long time, most countries’military ignored the military value of near space. However, they have begun to pay attention to it, and make scientific researches on technology in near space, the research on geometric correction of near space oblique remote sensing images is one of them.
In this dissertation, an in-depth study of the theory of near space remote sensing image geometric correction is performed. For geometric correction of oblique remote sensing images, the piecewise polynomial correction model is studied, then use the technique of iterative error control points removal and the technique of uniform distribution to optimize the process of control points selection using SIFT operator, and achieve the automatic geometric correction .
This dissertation first studies how the remote sensing picture geometry is distorted, and the dissertation summarizes that there are six aspects. They are sensor imagery mode, sensor element of exterior orientation, hypsography, curvature of the earth, atmosphere refraction and earth rotation, and obtains the image resolution with the changes of angle in the near space conditions.
Then the dissertation studies the geometric correction models. First, compares the affine transformation model and the general polynomial correction model, introduce the principle and steps of the geometric correction method, and analyses the strengths and weaknesses of the three kinds of interpolation methods. Finally, for geometric correction of near space oblique remote sensing images, a piecewise polynomial geometric correction method is studied, and achieved the desired accuracy of calibration.
Detecting control points automatically and accurate matching are the two crucial steps in geometric correction. Finally, the dissertation studies how to choose control points, especially the automatic geometric correction. How the number of control points impact the accuracy of geometrical rectification is studied, then compares Forstner operator and SIFT operator. After that, use the technique of iterative error control points removal and the technique of uniform distribution to optimize the process of control points selection, the accuracy of the correction has been improved, and achieve the sub-pixel accuracy of the correction using these techniques and the piecewise polynomial geometric correction method.
引文
1田新光.面向对象高分辨率遥感影像信息提取.中国测绘科学研究院硕士学位论文. 2007:2~3
2陈德超,周海波,陈中原,吴健平. TM与SPOT图像融合算法比较研究.遥感技术与应用, 2001,16(2):41~45
3谢永华,傅德胜.基于小波变换的多源遥感图像的信息融合.遥感技术与应用, 2001, 16(4):23~27
4 Q. Zheng, R. Cellappa. Motion Detection in Image Sequences Acquired from a Moving Platform. In Proc. International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, 1993, (5):201~204
5程志梅.利用空间投影法实现遥感图像的几何精纠正.科技广场, 2005, (10):103~105
6高峰. GPS引导下的多角度遥感图像自动匹配.国土资源遥感, 1997, 34(4): 1~2
7朱凌.多角度影像配准研究.北京建筑工程学报, 1997, 13(4):1~2
8 M.J. Marcel, J. Baker, Interdisciplinary Design of a Near Space Vehicle. Southeast Proceedings IEEE, 2007, (3):421~426
9 Galletti M., G. Krieger, T. Borner, N. Marquart, J. Schultz-Stellenfleth. Concept Design of a Near Space Radar for Tsunami Detection. Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, IGARSS IEEE International, 2007, (7):34~37
10 Zheng Bo, Ren Qinghua, Liu Yunjiang, Chu Zhenyong, Zhao Feng. Characteristic and Simulation of the Near Space Communication Channel. Microwave, Antenna, Propagation and EMC Technologies for Wireless Communications, 2007, (8):769~773
11何彦峰.浅析临近空间平台的军事应用.国防科技, 2007, (6):32~35
12 Fei Shuang-Bo, Zhao Rui-Zhen. A New Wavelet Fitting Method for Geometric Correction. Innovative Computing Information and Control, 2006,(8) :625~627
13 H. Goncalves, J.A. Goncalves, L. Corte-Real. Measures for an Objective Evaluation of the Geometric Correction Process Quality. Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, IEEE, 2009,2(6):292~296
14 Dongseok Shin, J.K. Pollard, J.P. Muller. Accurate Geometric Correction of ATSR Images. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 1997,4(35) :997~1006
15刘晓翔.卫星多源遥感图像融合技术的研究.西北工业大学硕士学位论文. 2004:14~15
16黄世存.几种不同矩阵算法的遥感图像几何精纠正效果比较.国土资源遥, 2005, (3):122~123
17张过.缺少控制点的高分辨率卫星遥感图像几何纠正.武汉大学博士学位论文. 2005:3~4
18 Ahmed Shaker. Point and Line-based Transformation Models for High Resolution Satellite Image Rectification. HongKong Polytechnic University. 2004:3~4
19陈功.控制点影像库在遥感影像几何纠正中的应用.系统工程与电子技术, 2006, 4(1):56~57
20柳强.遥感图像的几何畸变校正方法研究.计算机工程与应用, 2004, (13):34~35
21李立钢.星载遥感影像几何精校正算法分析比较.光子学报, 2006, 35(7) :78~79
22秦平.高分辨率遥感影像的快速几何纠正研究与实现.武汉大学硕士学位论文. 2005:10~15
23 Hanley H B, Fraser C S. Geopositioning Accuracy of IKON-OS Imagery: Indications from Two Dimensional Transformations. Photogrammetric Record An international journal of Photogrammetry, 2001, (3):317~329
24 F. Savopol, C. Costas Armenakis. Modeling of the IRS-1C Satellite Pan Stereo-imagery Using the DLT Model. International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 1998, 32(4):11~21
25伍君.基于小波变换的图像配准方法研究.湖南大学硕士学位论文. 2005:15~16
26张凯.车辆台架振动试验的图像处理.中北大学硕士学位论文. 2008:9~10
27 Barbara Zitova, Jan Flusser. Image Registration Method. Department of Image Processing, Image and Vision Computing, 2003:977~1000
28 B.S. Reddy, B.N. Chatterji. An FFI Based Technique for Translation, Rotation, and Scale-invariant Image Registration. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 1996, 5(8):1266~1271
29 Euisun Choi, Chulhee Lee. Optimizing Feature Extraction for Multiclass Problems. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2001,(3):521~528
30 T.P. Cooke, R. Whatmough. Using Learning Algorithms to Improve Corner Detection. Digital Image Computing. Techniques and Applications, 2005:371~378
31 W. Li, H. Leung. A Maximum Likelihood Approach for Image Registration Using Control Point and Intensity. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 2004, (13):1115~1127
32 T. Mitsa, J. Qian. Image Registration Using Elastic Contours and Internal Landmarks. Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference, IEEE, 1998, (1):451~455
33张志佳,黄莎白,史泽林.新的基于边缘特征的图像相关匹配方法.红外与激光工程, 2003,32(6):638~653
34王鑫.图像配准理论及其算法研究.哈尔滨工程大学硕士学位论文. 2005:4~5
35李弼程,彭天强,彭波.智能图像处理技术.电子工业出版社, 2004:34~56
36王海燕.用于国家1:5万DLG数据生产的卫星数字正射影像制作方法.西安科技大学硕士学位论文. 2006:12~13
37 Wisetphanichkij, K. Dejhan. An Improvement of Geometric Correction of Satellite Image. The 19th Asian Conf on Remote Sensing, Manila, Philippines, 1998:6~7
38孙家抦.遥感原理与应用.武汉大学出版社, 2002:98~134
39燕琴.异轨遥感CCD影像外方位元素的解求.武汉大学学报. 2001, 26(3):270~274
40 Guo Jianning, Yu Jin. Study on the Relative Radiometric Correction of CBERS Satellite CCD Image. Science in China, 2005, (2):12~28
41邵鸿飞.遥感图像几何校正的实现.气象, 26(2):32~35
42 O. Faugeras. Projective, Affine and Metric Representation. Journal of the Optical Society of America,1995, (12):465~484
43秦筱楲.基于仿射变换重建的目标识别方法.华中科技大学硕士学位论文. 2004:17~18
44 X. Neyt. Adaptive Image Restoration Using Discrete Polynomial Transforms. IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory, 1995:365
45张春鹏.高分辨率遥感图像几何校正在ERDAS IMAGE中的实现.测绘与空间地理信息, 2007, 30(6):45~46
46李超.基于控制点影像数据库的遥感卫星影像几何矫正和半自动配准.浙江大学硕士学位论文. 2006:23~24
47 J. George, Grevera, Jayaram. Shape-based Interpolation of Multidimensional Grey-level Images. IEEE Trans on Medical Imaging. 1996,15, (6):881~892
48申利平.基于插值的数字图像处理技术研究.南京航空航天大学硕士学位论文. 2008:18~22
49钞振华. MODIS遥感影像的几何精校正.草原与草坪, 2005, (2):35~42
50王友华.病态矩阵的本质及其解决方法.矿山测量, 2005, (2):62~43
51廖士中.一种光学镜头摄像机图像几何畸变的修正方法.中国图像图形学报, 2000, 5(7):593~596
52郭小方.机载多光谱扫描图像几何畸变的全自动校正.中国图像图形学报, 1998, 3(5):395~398
53吕海霞.自动图像配准技术研究.西北工业大学硕士学位论文. 2007:16~19
54张祖勋,张剑清.数字摄影测量学.武汉大学出版社, 2001:23~47
55李国胜,张继贤,宋伟东,皇甫洁.遥感影像配准中控制点的自动提取.辽宁工程技术大学学报, 2005, 24(1):41~44
56 D. G. Lowe. Distinctive Image Features from Scale-invariant Keypoints. Int. J. Compute, 2004, 60(2):91~110
57戚世贵.基于图像特征点的提取匹配及应用.吉林大学硕士学位论文. 2006:8~18
2陈德超,周海波,陈中原,吴健平. TM与SPOT图像融合算法比较研究.遥感技术与应用, 2001,16(2):41~45
3谢永华,傅德胜.基于小波变换的多源遥感图像的信息融合.遥感技术与应用, 2001, 16(4):23~27
4 Q. Zheng, R. Cellappa. Motion Detection in Image Sequences Acquired from a Moving Platform. In Proc. International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, 1993, (5):201~204
5程志梅.利用空间投影法实现遥感图像的几何精纠正.科技广场, 2005, (10):103~105
6高峰. GPS引导下的多角度遥感图像自动匹配.国土资源遥感, 1997, 34(4): 1~2
7朱凌.多角度影像配准研究.北京建筑工程学报, 1997, 13(4):1~2
8 M.J. Marcel, J. Baker, Interdisciplinary Design of a Near Space Vehicle. Southeast Proceedings IEEE, 2007, (3):421~426
9 Galletti M., G. Krieger, T. Borner, N. Marquart, J. Schultz-Stellenfleth. Concept Design of a Near Space Radar for Tsunami Detection. Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, IGARSS IEEE International, 2007, (7):34~37
10 Zheng Bo, Ren Qinghua, Liu Yunjiang, Chu Zhenyong, Zhao Feng. Characteristic and Simulation of the Near Space Communication Channel. Microwave, Antenna, Propagation and EMC Technologies for Wireless Communications, 2007, (8):769~773
11何彦峰.浅析临近空间平台的军事应用.国防科技, 2007, (6):32~35
12 Fei Shuang-Bo, Zhao Rui-Zhen. A New Wavelet Fitting Method for Geometric Correction. Innovative Computing Information and Control, 2006,(8) :625~627
13 H. Goncalves, J.A. Goncalves, L. Corte-Real. Measures for an Objective Evaluation of the Geometric Correction Process Quality. Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, IEEE, 2009,2(6):292~296
14 Dongseok Shin, J.K. Pollard, J.P. Muller. Accurate Geometric Correction of ATSR Images. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 1997,4(35) :997~1006
15刘晓翔.卫星多源遥感图像融合技术的研究.西北工业大学硕士学位论文. 2004:14~15
16黄世存.几种不同矩阵算法的遥感图像几何精纠正效果比较.国土资源遥, 2005, (3):122~123
17张过.缺少控制点的高分辨率卫星遥感图像几何纠正.武汉大学博士学位论文. 2005:3~4
18 Ahmed Shaker. Point and Line-based Transformation Models for High Resolution Satellite Image Rectification. HongKong Polytechnic University. 2004:3~4
19陈功.控制点影像库在遥感影像几何纠正中的应用.系统工程与电子技术, 2006, 4(1):56~57
20柳强.遥感图像的几何畸变校正方法研究.计算机工程与应用, 2004, (13):34~35
21李立钢.星载遥感影像几何精校正算法分析比较.光子学报, 2006, 35(7) :78~79
22秦平.高分辨率遥感影像的快速几何纠正研究与实现.武汉大学硕士学位论文. 2005:10~15
23 Hanley H B, Fraser C S. Geopositioning Accuracy of IKON-OS Imagery: Indications from Two Dimensional Transformations. Photogrammetric Record An international journal of Photogrammetry, 2001, (3):317~329
24 F. Savopol, C. Costas Armenakis. Modeling of the IRS-1C Satellite Pan Stereo-imagery Using the DLT Model. International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 1998, 32(4):11~21
25伍君.基于小波变换的图像配准方法研究.湖南大学硕士学位论文. 2005:15~16
26张凯.车辆台架振动试验的图像处理.中北大学硕士学位论文. 2008:9~10
27 Barbara Zitova, Jan Flusser. Image Registration Method. Department of Image Processing, Image and Vision Computing, 2003:977~1000
28 B.S. Reddy, B.N. Chatterji. An FFI Based Technique for Translation, Rotation, and Scale-invariant Image Registration. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 1996, 5(8):1266~1271
29 Euisun Choi, Chulhee Lee. Optimizing Feature Extraction for Multiclass Problems. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2001,(3):521~528
30 T.P. Cooke, R. Whatmough. Using Learning Algorithms to Improve Corner Detection. Digital Image Computing. Techniques and Applications, 2005:371~378
31 W. Li, H. Leung. A Maximum Likelihood Approach for Image Registration Using Control Point and Intensity. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 2004, (13):1115~1127
32 T. Mitsa, J. Qian. Image Registration Using Elastic Contours and Internal Landmarks. Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference, IEEE, 1998, (1):451~455
33张志佳,黄莎白,史泽林.新的基于边缘特征的图像相关匹配方法.红外与激光工程, 2003,32(6):638~653
34王鑫.图像配准理论及其算法研究.哈尔滨工程大学硕士学位论文. 2005:4~5
35李弼程,彭天强,彭波.智能图像处理技术.电子工业出版社, 2004:34~56
36王海燕.用于国家1:5万DLG数据生产的卫星数字正射影像制作方法.西安科技大学硕士学位论文. 2006:12~13
37 Wisetphanichkij, K. Dejhan. An Improvement of Geometric Correction of Satellite Image. The 19th Asian Conf on Remote Sensing, Manila, Philippines, 1998:6~7
38孙家抦.遥感原理与应用.武汉大学出版社, 2002:98~134
39燕琴.异轨遥感CCD影像外方位元素的解求.武汉大学学报. 2001, 26(3):270~274
40 Guo Jianning, Yu Jin. Study on the Relative Radiometric Correction of CBERS Satellite CCD Image. Science in China, 2005, (2):12~28
41邵鸿飞.遥感图像几何校正的实现.气象, 26(2):32~35
42 O. Faugeras. Projective, Affine and Metric Representation. Journal of the Optical Society of America,1995, (12):465~484
43秦筱楲.基于仿射变换重建的目标识别方法.华中科技大学硕士学位论文. 2004:17~18
44 X. Neyt. Adaptive Image Restoration Using Discrete Polynomial Transforms. IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory, 1995:365
45张春鹏.高分辨率遥感图像几何校正在ERDAS IMAGE中的实现.测绘与空间地理信息, 2007, 30(6):45~46
46李超.基于控制点影像数据库的遥感卫星影像几何矫正和半自动配准.浙江大学硕士学位论文. 2006:23~24
47 J. George, Grevera, Jayaram. Shape-based Interpolation of Multidimensional Grey-level Images. IEEE Trans on Medical Imaging. 1996,15, (6):881~892
48申利平.基于插值的数字图像处理技术研究.南京航空航天大学硕士学位论文. 2008:18~22
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