数控肋骨冷弯机控制系统设计与实现
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摘要
随着信息技术和计算机技术的不断发展,工业与信息技术的结合越来越紧密,尤其是近年来随着后PC时代的到来,嵌入式系统得到了广泛的应用,从消费电子,到工业控制,航空航天等各个领域,嵌入式系统以其自身的优势极大地推动了社会生产力的发展。嵌入式系统具有结构紧凑,可定制性强,实现模块化等优点,可以很好的适应工业现场控制的要求。数控肋骨冷弯机是我校研制的船用肋骨加工设备,它具有加工精度高,适应性强等特点,可以自动加工各种肋骨型材。由于它结构与逻辑复杂,对控制系统的可靠性和稳定性要求较高。针对这种状况,采用嵌入式系统,结合串行总线,对原有的控制系统进行升级改造,减小了控制系统的体积,精简了设备结构,并且提高了控制系统的稳定性,取得了良好的效果。
本文从系统总体设计,下位机和上位机三个阶段详细阐述了数控肋骨冷弯机控制系统的设计和实现。结合系统的功能需求,分析了上位机控制平台和下位机数据采集传输模块的硬件设计,以及上位机控制软件的功能结构,重点分析了数据的采集,封装,传输,以及数据的检错和纠错机制。通过对输入输出模块,核心处理模块,人机接口模块以及系统日志等其他辅助模块的实现分析,全面分析了上位机软件控制系统中所要解决的问题,最后讨论了系统的可靠性问题,包括系统的稳定性和对意外故障的容错能力。
本文的创新点是通过分析肋骨冷弯机的总体设计,下位机和上位机控制平台的硬件设计和软件架构,实现了一个实际可运行的系统,并提出了系统抗干扰设计,数据的检错与纠错问题的解决方法和方案,解决了系统的稳定性和容错能力等问题。
As the quickly development of information and computer technology, the connection between industry and information technology is becoming more closely than ever before. During recent years, the embedded system is widely used in many fields, from consumer electronics to industrial control, it greatly boost the society productivity by means of its special advantages. The embedded system has compact architecture, strong flexibility, modularity and other characteristics, and can meet the requirement of industrial control well. The digital rib-bend robot system is designed for making boat-used-rib by my school with high processing precision and strong suitability, and can process different types of ribs automatically. As its architecture and control logic is complicate, the control system must have high stability. After upgrading it through combining embedded system and serial bus, the control system became smaller and has higher stability.
This paper analysis the detailed design and implement of digital rib-bend robot system based on three sections of the overall design, bottom subsystem and top subsystem. After analysis the functional requirement, this paper shows the hardware implement of top controlling platform and bottom module which used for data capturing and transferring, and the software design of top controlling module, especially focus on the data sampling, assembling, transferring, and error check and error correction, which improve the stability. Through analysis the implement of input and output module, user interface module, kernel processing module, logging module and other auxiliary modules, this paper analysis the problems of top software controlling system. At last, this paper focuses on the system reliability, including stability and casual error handling.
本文从系统总体设计,下位机和上位机三个阶段详细阐述了数控肋骨冷弯机控制系统的设计和实现。结合系统的功能需求,分析了上位机控制平台和下位机数据采集传输模块的硬件设计,以及上位机控制软件的功能结构,重点分析了数据的采集,封装,传输,以及数据的检错和纠错机制。通过对输入输出模块,核心处理模块,人机接口模块以及系统日志等其他辅助模块的实现分析,全面分析了上位机软件控制系统中所要解决的问题,最后讨论了系统的可靠性问题,包括系统的稳定性和对意外故障的容错能力。
本文的创新点是通过分析肋骨冷弯机的总体设计,下位机和上位机控制平台的硬件设计和软件架构,实现了一个实际可运行的系统,并提出了系统抗干扰设计,数据的检错与纠错问题的解决方法和方案,解决了系统的稳定性和容错能力等问题。
As the quickly development of information and computer technology, the connection between industry and information technology is becoming more closely than ever before. During recent years, the embedded system is widely used in many fields, from consumer electronics to industrial control, it greatly boost the society productivity by means of its special advantages. The embedded system has compact architecture, strong flexibility, modularity and other characteristics, and can meet the requirement of industrial control well. The digital rib-bend robot system is designed for making boat-used-rib by my school with high processing precision and strong suitability, and can process different types of ribs automatically. As its architecture and control logic is complicate, the control system must have high stability. After upgrading it through combining embedded system and serial bus, the control system became smaller and has higher stability.
This paper analysis the detailed design and implement of digital rib-bend robot system based on three sections of the overall design, bottom subsystem and top subsystem. After analysis the functional requirement, this paper shows the hardware implement of top controlling platform and bottom module which used for data capturing and transferring, and the software design of top controlling module, especially focus on the data sampling, assembling, transferring, and error check and error correction, which improve the stability. Through analysis the implement of input and output module, user interface module, kernel processing module, logging module and other auxiliary modules, this paper analysis the problems of top software controlling system. At last, this paper focuses on the system reliability, including stability and casual error handling.
引文
[1]高勇.嵌入式系统在工业控制应用中的研究:[硕士学位论文]武汉:武汉科技大学,2007.3
[2]钱归平,毛维杰,苏宏业.工业控制中嵌入式系统软件的研究.计算机应用研究,2002(7):21-23
[3]戴志诚.工业控制中嵌入式系统软件的设计与实现:[硕士学位论文]武汉:华中科技大学,2004.5
[4]孟毅,冯志彪.Windows2000实时应用研究.微机发展,2003.11,13(11):3-5
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[6]Balarin,Felice.Synthesis of software programs for embedded control applications.IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems,Jun 1999,18(6):834
[7]Karim Yaghmour.Building Embedded Linux Systems,USA:O'Reilly,2003:13-140
[8]Lineo Inc.USA:RTA! Programming Guide 1.0,September 2000:1-13
[9]Mario de.Sousa.Linux-Based PLC for Industrial Control.Embedded Linux Journal 2001.3:29-32
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[11]M.Barbanov,V.Yodaiken.Introducing real-time linux.Linux Journal,Feb.1997:19-24
[12]葛玻,沈文杰,赵旎.工控组态软件的对比及应用.计算机测量与控制,2002,10(8):551
[13]马国华.监控组态软件及其应用.第一版.北京:清华大学出版社,2001,8:101-108
[14]郑立新.串行总线计算机数控系统.制造技术与机床,2000,(4):9-10.
[15]周凯.发展国产数控系统的技术途径.制造技术与机床,2000,(3):9-10.
[16]张立克,常建军.工控机的现状与前景.水利电力机械,2007.1,29(1):65-71
[17]朱同兴.国内外数控技术发展动向.数控技术与应用.2001,20(3):10.12
[18]黄承光,鲍娟.浅析工业控制的发展方向.微计算机信息1995.2
[19]姚建春.WLW系列数控肋骨冷弯机的技术突破.造船技术,2004.3(259):21-24
[20]周冬生,王呈方.程控机械手肋骨冷弯机PLC控制系统的抗干扰设计.武汉理工大学学报(交通科学与工程版),2004.10(28):710-716
[21]胡勇,刘强,周永清.基于LabView平台数据采集卡配置参数的保存与加载方法研究.交通与计算机,2004.6(22):44-46
[22]胡勇,茅云生,冷荣嘉,王呈方.新型程控机械手肋骨冷弯机.SHIP ENGINEERING.2004.1(26):65-67
[23]周杰.基于Linux的ARM9嵌入式工控—体机的设计实现与应用:[硕士学位论文]上海:上海交通大学,2007.1
[24]饶谷音,袁保伦.Windows平台下基于串口的数据采集系统.计算机与信息技术:74-78
[25]夏临闽,黄飞,胡仁杰.API函数和MSComm32控件在串行通讯中的应用比较.工业控制计算机.2001,14(4):24-26
[26]王英杰 林怡青 彭美春 聂一彪.基于VC++6.0的PC机和单片机串口通信.电脑应用技术:36-40
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[29]曲贵波,乔爽.PC机与单片机串行通信的实现方法探讨,交通科技与经济,2005年第3期
[30]姚国春,陈寿孙,杨卫列,朱小林.多线程串口类在微型涡轮机控制中应用.计算机应用与软件.2007,12,24(12):67-68
[31]王宇亮,章洋,郑昌文.短报文可靠传输协议的设计与实现.计算机工程设计,2007,9,28(18):4394-4440
[32]金明坤.基于Windows的串口通信软件设计:[调研报告]长沙:中南大学,2007,3
[33]詹国华,张量,袁贞明,徐建军.基于PC可视化环境的串行通信方案[J].计算机系统应用,2002(04):25-27
[34]黄泽建,林君.基于API的串行口通信软件设计.吉林大学学报(信息科学版)[J],2003(04):21-23
[35]Allen Denver.Serial Communication in Win32[DB].Microsoft Development Network.
[36]赵彦锋,李钢.基于Win32 API的多线程串行通信程序设计[J].现代电子技术,2005(19):11-14
[37]张筠,刘书智.VisualC++实践与提高-串口通信与工程应用篇[M].中国铁道出版社,2006
[38]任丽红,张晓燕.在VC++中开发串口类及串口通信应用程序[J].北京石油化工学院学报.2001(02)
[39]P.Martineau,M.Silly.Scheduling in a hard real-time system with shared resources.
[40]IEEE Real-Time Systems,1994.Proceedings,Sixth Euromicro Workshop on,15-17
[41]June 1994:234-239Alan Burns.Scheduling hard real-time system:A review.Software engineering
[42]Journal,1991,6(3):116-128Bollinger.RT-Linux in practice:an overview of applications,IEEE Software,Jan/Feb1999,16(1):72-79
[2]钱归平,毛维杰,苏宏业.工业控制中嵌入式系统软件的研究.计算机应用研究,2002(7):21-23
[3]戴志诚.工业控制中嵌入式系统软件的设计与实现:[硕士学位论文]武汉:华中科技大学,2004.5
[4]孟毅,冯志彪.Windows2000实时应用研究.微机发展,2003.11,13(11):3-5
[5]Gary A Mintchell.Embedded control:Heart of the system.Control Engineering,Jul 2002,49(7):28-34
[6]Balarin,Felice.Synthesis of software programs for embedded control applications.IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems,Jun 1999,18(6):834
[7]Karim Yaghmour.Building Embedded Linux Systems,USA:O'Reilly,2003:13-140
[8]Lineo Inc.USA:RTA! Programming Guide 1.0,September 2000:1-13
[9]Mario de.Sousa.Linux-Based PLC for Industrial Control.Embedded Linux Journal 2001.3:29-32
[10]Frederick M Proctor.real-time Linux&IPC.Dr.Dobb's Journal,Nov.1999,24(11):32
[11]M.Barbanov,V.Yodaiken.Introducing real-time linux.Linux Journal,Feb.1997:19-24
[12]葛玻,沈文杰,赵旎.工控组态软件的对比及应用.计算机测量与控制,2002,10(8):551
[13]马国华.监控组态软件及其应用.第一版.北京:清华大学出版社,2001,8:101-108
[14]郑立新.串行总线计算机数控系统.制造技术与机床,2000,(4):9-10.
[15]周凯.发展国产数控系统的技术途径.制造技术与机床,2000,(3):9-10.
[16]张立克,常建军.工控机的现状与前景.水利电力机械,2007.1,29(1):65-71
[17]朱同兴.国内外数控技术发展动向.数控技术与应用.2001,20(3):10.12
[18]黄承光,鲍娟.浅析工业控制的发展方向.微计算机信息1995.2
[19]姚建春.WLW系列数控肋骨冷弯机的技术突破.造船技术,2004.3(259):21-24
[20]周冬生,王呈方.程控机械手肋骨冷弯机PLC控制系统的抗干扰设计.武汉理工大学学报(交通科学与工程版),2004.10(28):710-716
[21]胡勇,刘强,周永清.基于LabView平台数据采集卡配置参数的保存与加载方法研究.交通与计算机,2004.6(22):44-46
[22]胡勇,茅云生,冷荣嘉,王呈方.新型程控机械手肋骨冷弯机.SHIP ENGINEERING.2004.1(26):65-67
[23]周杰.基于Linux的ARM9嵌入式工控—体机的设计实现与应用:[硕士学位论文]上海:上海交通大学,2007.1
[24]饶谷音,袁保伦.Windows平台下基于串口的数据采集系统.计算机与信息技术:74-78
[25]夏临闽,黄飞,胡仁杰.API函数和MSComm32控件在串行通讯中的应用比较.工业控制计算机.2001,14(4):24-26
[26]王英杰 林怡青 彭美春 聂一彪.基于VC++6.0的PC机和单片机串口通信.电脑应用技术:36-40
[27]曾自强,王玉菡.用VC++实现单片机与PC机串口通信的三种方法[J]自动化与仪器仪表,2005年第3期
[28]龚建伟.Visual C++/Turbo C串口通信编程实践[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2004
[29]曲贵波,乔爽.PC机与单片机串行通信的实现方法探讨,交通科技与经济,2005年第3期
[30]姚国春,陈寿孙,杨卫列,朱小林.多线程串口类在微型涡轮机控制中应用.计算机应用与软件.2007,12,24(12):67-68
[31]王宇亮,章洋,郑昌文.短报文可靠传输协议的设计与实现.计算机工程设计,2007,9,28(18):4394-4440
[32]金明坤.基于Windows的串口通信软件设计:[调研报告]长沙:中南大学,2007,3
[33]詹国华,张量,袁贞明,徐建军.基于PC可视化环境的串行通信方案[J].计算机系统应用,2002(04):25-27
[34]黄泽建,林君.基于API的串行口通信软件设计.吉林大学学报(信息科学版)[J],2003(04):21-23
[35]Allen Denver.Serial Communication in Win32[DB].Microsoft Development Network.
[36]赵彦锋,李钢.基于Win32 API的多线程串行通信程序设计[J].现代电子技术,2005(19):11-14
[37]张筠,刘书智.VisualC++实践与提高-串口通信与工程应用篇[M].中国铁道出版社,2006
[38]任丽红,张晓燕.在VC++中开发串口类及串口通信应用程序[J].北京石油化工学院学报.2001(02)
[39]P.Martineau,M.Silly.Scheduling in a hard real-time system with shared resources.
[40]IEEE Real-Time Systems,1994.Proceedings,Sixth Euromicro Workshop on,15-17
[41]June 1994:234-239Alan Burns.Scheduling hard real-time system:A review.Software engineering
[42]Journal,1991,6(3):116-128Bollinger.RT-Linux in practice:an overview of applications,IEEE Software,Jan/Feb1999,16(1):72-79