面向空间应用的视频处理硬件平台研究与设计
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摘要
随着视频处理、电子技术及其在空间应用的高速发展，空间科学实验对视频的需求越来越大，其特殊的空间环境要求稳定可靠的硬件平台及高效的压缩算法。目前的视频应用平台是针对电子消费市场设计的，这些平台不能够满足空间应用的特殊要求。本论文给出的视频压缩硬件平台为空间视频应用提供了一套可靠的解决方案。
本文通过对视频压缩算法及其硬件处理平台的广泛调研，研究了一个面向空间应用的基于TMS320DM642的视频处理硬件平台，解决了空间条件下的可靠性和与上下级系统的数据传输等关键技术，并在此基础上对FPGA＋DSP构架进行了深入的研究，在FPGA内实现了视频数据的处理和缓存。这些研究对空间环境中的视频应用具有重要的意义。
论文阐述了在空间环境下视频压缩系统的硬件平台的设计思想和软件开发流程。对于硬件部分，论文着重描述了整个硬件系统的构架和系统与上下级系统的通信接口，并给出了PCB板设计的考虑因素和注意事项；对于软件部分，论文提出了一套针对本硬件平台的程序二次引导和加载方案，解决了类似系统在程序烧写和引导上的难点，并着重描述了整个系统程序的设计流程和视频相关的初始化程序设计。
论文在基于TMS320DM642的视频压缩平台的基础上做了进一步的研究，提出了基于FPGA＋DSP视频压缩系统的硬件设计框架。FPGA的可编程性很大的提高了整个系统的灵活性，这种灵活性体现在视频预处理能力上和DSP选择的灵活性上。框架的提出对于元器件要求严格的空间科学应用有重要的意义。
本文给出的硬件平台能够满足空间应用的要求，并在硬件平台的结构上有一定的开拓性，研究的成果能为DSP在空间领域的其他应用提供了一定的经验和技术积累，具有较好的指导和借鉴意义。
As the fast development of video process, electronics technology and their applications in space environment, video technology is more and more used in space research. The special space environment requires a stable hardware platform and video compression algorithm. The current video application platforms are mostly designed for the commercial markets, these platforms can not be used in space applications directly. In this paper, a stable solution for space application is introduced.
The paper gives a detailed description of the hardware platform and the software developing procedure. For the hardware platform, the paper gives an emphasis on the hardware architecture and the communicating ports for the upper system and lower system, and the considerations for the PCB design are also described. For the software development, the paper gives a booting scheme specially designed for this hardware platform, this solves the difficulty frequently faced in similar systems. The paper also describes the software developing procedure in detail, especially the code design of the video part.
The paper dose more researches based on the DM642 video compression platform, and an FPGA+DSP architecture is introduced. The programmable FPGA greatly enhanced the flexibility of the system, including the flexibility of preprocess of the video signals and the flexibility of DSP selection. This architecture has great meaning for the space application which has strict requirements for the component selection.
The platform given by this paper satisfies the requirements of space application, and has some pioneer points in the hardware architecture. The research results can be useful for other DSP applications in space.
本文通过对视频压缩算法及其硬件处理平台的广泛调研，研究了一个面向空间应用的基于TMS320DM642的视频处理硬件平台，解决了空间条件下的可靠性和与上下级系统的数据传输等关键技术，并在此基础上对FPGA＋DSP构架进行了深入的研究，在FPGA内实现了视频数据的处理和缓存。这些研究对空间环境中的视频应用具有重要的意义。
论文阐述了在空间环境下视频压缩系统的硬件平台的设计思想和软件开发流程。对于硬件部分，论文着重描述了整个硬件系统的构架和系统与上下级系统的通信接口，并给出了PCB板设计的考虑因素和注意事项；对于软件部分，论文提出了一套针对本硬件平台的程序二次引导和加载方案，解决了类似系统在程序烧写和引导上的难点，并着重描述了整个系统程序的设计流程和视频相关的初始化程序设计。
论文在基于TMS320DM642的视频压缩平台的基础上做了进一步的研究，提出了基于FPGA＋DSP视频压缩系统的硬件设计框架。FPGA的可编程性很大的提高了整个系统的灵活性，这种灵活性体现在视频预处理能力上和DSP选择的灵活性上。框架的提出对于元器件要求严格的空间科学应用有重要的意义。
本文给出的硬件平台能够满足空间应用的要求，并在硬件平台的结构上有一定的开拓性，研究的成果能为DSP在空间领域的其他应用提供了一定的经验和技术积累，具有较好的指导和借鉴意义。
As the fast development of video process, electronics technology and their applications in space environment, video technology is more and more used in space research. The special space environment requires a stable hardware platform and video compression algorithm. The current video application platforms are mostly designed for the commercial markets, these platforms can not be used in space applications directly. In this paper, a stable solution for space application is introduced.
The paper gives a detailed description of the hardware platform and the software developing procedure. For the hardware platform, the paper gives an emphasis on the hardware architecture and the communicating ports for the upper system and lower system, and the considerations for the PCB design are also described. For the software development, the paper gives a booting scheme specially designed for this hardware platform, this solves the difficulty frequently faced in similar systems. The paper also describes the software developing procedure in detail, especially the code design of the video part.
The paper dose more researches based on the DM642 video compression platform, and an FPGA+DSP architecture is introduced. The programmable FPGA greatly enhanced the flexibility of the system, including the flexibility of preprocess of the video signals and the flexibility of DSP selection. This architecture has great meaning for the space application which has strict requirements for the component selection.
The platform given by this paper satisfies the requirements of space application, and has some pioneer points in the hardware architecture. The research results can be useful for other DSP applications in space.
引文
[1] Texas Instruments Incorporated. TMS320DM642: Video/Imaging Fixed-Point Digital Signal Processor. Aug. 2005
[2] Analog Devices, Inc. ADV7181B Data Sheet, 2004
[3] 江思敏，刘畅．TMS320C6000 DSP应用开发教程．机械工业出版社，2005
[4] 李方慧，王飞，何佩琨．TMS320C6000系列DSPs原理与应用，2005
[5] Micron Technology, Inc. MT48LCM32B2 Data sheet. 2002
[6] 李兴友，游志胜．基于DM642的大容量FLASH引导加载方法研究与实现．计算机应用，2005，08-1939-03
[7] AMD. AM29LV800B Data sheet. 1998
[8] Texas Instruments Incorporated. TMS320C6000 DSP External Memory Interface (EMIF) Reference Guide. Feb. 2006
[9] Texas Instruments Incorporated. TMS320C6000 EMIF to External Flash Memory. Feb. 2002
[10] 何正军，朱善安．TMS320DM642 DSP二级引导程序的设计与实现．电子器件，Mar．2006
[11] 王杰艳．图像处理系统中的TMS320DM642视频通道．单片机与嵌入式系统应用，2006-06
[12] Intersil. BT. 656 Video Interface for ICs. Jul, 2002
[13] 徐华根，唐慧明，杨黎波．新型多媒体处理器DM642及其应用．电路与应用，2005，01-0036-03
[14] Texas Instruments Incorporated. TMS320C6000 EMIF-to-External SDRAM Interface. Mar. 2004.
[15] James R. Armstrong, F. Gail Gray, VHDL Design Representation and Synthesis. 机械工业出版社，2003．3
[16] National Semiconductor, LM1117/LM1117I Data sheet. Jun, 2004
[17] Analog Device Inc. ADV7181B: Multiformat SDTV Video Decoder. 2005
[18] Analog Device Inc. ADV7174/ADV7179 Data sheet. 2004
[19] Cypress Semiconductor Corporation, CY7C1049B Data Sheet, 2002
[20] Texas Instruments Incorporated. TMS320C6416 Fixed-Point Digital Signal Processor. 2005
[21] Texas Instruments Incorporated. TMS320DM642 Hardware Designer's Resource Guide. Oct. 2005
[22] Texas Instruments Incorporated. TMS320C6000 DSP Inter Integrated Circuit (I2C) Module Reference Guide. Oct. 2002
[23] Texas Instruments Incorporated. TMS320C64x DSP Video Port/VCXO Interpolated Control (VIC) Port Reference Guide. Jan. 2002
[24] Integrated Circuits System Inc. ICS512 PLL clock multiplier. Nov. 2000
[25] 安向阳 沈庭芝．基于DSP TMS320DM642的H. 264视频编码的实现和优化．微计算机信息，2005-0128-03
[26] J. Bhasker, Verilog HDL硬件描述语言．机械工业出版社，2000．7
[27] 刘韬，楼兴华．数字电子系统设计与开发实例导航．人民邮电出版社，2005
[28] Xilinx, Inc. Virtex-Ⅱ Complete Data Sheet，2005
[29] 尹德安，李欣．基于FPGA的视频采集控制设计．微计算机信息
[2] Analog Devices, Inc. ADV7181B Data Sheet, 2004
[3] 江思敏，刘畅．TMS320C6000 DSP应用开发教程．机械工业出版社，2005
[4] 李方慧，王飞，何佩琨．TMS320C6000系列DSPs原理与应用，2005
[5] Micron Technology, Inc. MT48LCM32B2 Data sheet. 2002
[6] 李兴友，游志胜．基于DM642的大容量FLASH引导加载方法研究与实现．计算机应用，2005，08-1939-03
[7] AMD. AM29LV800B Data sheet. 1998
[8] Texas Instruments Incorporated. TMS320C6000 DSP External Memory Interface (EMIF) Reference Guide. Feb. 2006
[9] Texas Instruments Incorporated. TMS320C6000 EMIF to External Flash Memory. Feb. 2002
[10] 何正军，朱善安．TMS320DM642 DSP二级引导程序的设计与实现．电子器件，Mar．2006
[11] 王杰艳．图像处理系统中的TMS320DM642视频通道．单片机与嵌入式系统应用，2006-06
[12] Intersil. BT. 656 Video Interface for ICs. Jul, 2002
[13] 徐华根，唐慧明，杨黎波．新型多媒体处理器DM642及其应用．电路与应用，2005，01-0036-03
[14] Texas Instruments Incorporated. TMS320C6000 EMIF-to-External SDRAM Interface. Mar. 2004.
[15] James R. Armstrong, F. Gail Gray, VHDL Design Representation and Synthesis. 机械工业出版社，2003．3
[16] National Semiconductor, LM1117/LM1117I Data sheet. Jun, 2004
[17] Analog Device Inc. ADV7181B: Multiformat SDTV Video Decoder. 2005
[18] Analog Device Inc. ADV7174/ADV7179 Data sheet. 2004
[19] Cypress Semiconductor Corporation, CY7C1049B Data Sheet, 2002
[20] Texas Instruments Incorporated. TMS320C6416 Fixed-Point Digital Signal Processor. 2005
[21] Texas Instruments Incorporated. TMS320DM642 Hardware Designer's Resource Guide. Oct. 2005
[22] Texas Instruments Incorporated. TMS320C6000 DSP Inter Integrated Circuit (I2C) Module Reference Guide. Oct. 2002
[23] Texas Instruments Incorporated. TMS320C64x DSP Video Port/VCXO Interpolated Control (VIC) Port Reference Guide. Jan. 2002
[24] Integrated Circuits System Inc. ICS512 PLL clock multiplier. Nov. 2000
[25] 安向阳 沈庭芝．基于DSP TMS320DM642的H. 264视频编码的实现和优化．微计算机信息，2005-0128-03
[26] J. Bhasker, Verilog HDL硬件描述语言．机械工业出版社，2000．7
[27] 刘韬，楼兴华．数字电子系统设计与开发实例导航．人民邮电出版社，2005
[28] Xilinx, Inc. Virtex-Ⅱ Complete Data Sheet，2005
[29] 尹德安，李欣．基于FPGA的视频采集控制设计．微计算机信息