我国数字时间戳时间溯源系统研究及实现
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摘要
数字时间戳技术(DTS)指利用计算机技术把传统时间戳数字化,由第三方提供的一种可信时间标记服务,通过该服务获得的数字时间戳数据可以证明在某一时刻数据已经存在。随着计算机技术和INTERNET的发展,数字时间戳技术在数字签名、电子商务、数字产品专利和版权保护等方面有着广泛应用。国内近几年数字证书应用发展迅猛,相继成立了多家数字认证中心,同时国家也颁布了一系列有关法律法规。但目前国内数字时间戳服务存在的主要问题为:时间源主要依靠简单的GPS系统,缺乏必要的时间溯源、监控技术和冗余手段,既不能保证时间源的权威性和准确性,也无法保证系统时间的安全可信性。
本文根据DTS现状,提出了一种多通道、高可靠性、可监测性的数字时间戳系统时间溯源方案。在该方案中,时间溯源主要由授时中心主钟信号提供以保证时间戳服务的权威性,同时采用多种时间同步技术以保证系统时间可靠和准确性;本文还提出了一种高精度的时间戳技术实现方式,测试分析表明,该方式的时间戳精确度优于0.5us。在此基础上,本文还研究了相应的时间溯源技术、基于ARM系统的嵌入式系统技术,NTP协议技术、电话授时技术等相关技术,并完成对应数字时间戳系统时间溯源系统的设计与样机实现。通过对该样机的功能测试和性能测试表明,该方案具有多通道时间源冗余、高可靠性和高精度时间同步特性,符合安全数字时间戳服务要求。
The technology of digital time-stamping(DTS) service is to make the traditional time-stamping digitize with computer technology.It is one kind of credible time service provided by the third party(Time-Stamping Service,TSS).The digital time-stamping data obtained from the third party can be used to prove that the data has already existed at certain time. With the development of the computer technology and INTERNET, the time-stamping technology is popularly used in digital signature, electronic commerce and so on.In recent yeas, it grows rapidly of the application of digital certificate.Many TSS is established, at the same time, the law about the digital certificate has passed. The primarily drawback existing in TSS of domestic is listed as follows: time of the digital time-stamping service primarily relies on the GPS; it has no monitoring system and backup system.Because of these drawback,it can’t be to guarantee the authority and exactitude of digital time-stamping.
According to the fact of DTS, this dissertation presents one blue print of traceable source of time in digital time-stamping system,which has characteristics as follows:multicenter, high reliability and monitorable and so on.In this blue print,the traceable source of time is provided through the main clock signal of NTSC so that to guarantee the authority of time-stamping;multitechnologies of time synchronization is used to make sure the reliability and exactitude of the time of digital time-stamping. One way of realization of high precision time-stamping is also presented in this dissertation.Testing indicate that the precision of time-stamping is better than 0.5us. Besides, in this dissertation, the research work as follows has been done: the technology of time synchronization, technology of embedded system based on ARM,NTP ,telephone time service .The sample of traceable source of time in digital time-stamping system is designed and realized.Testing for function and performance of the sample indicate that the blue print has characteristics as follows:multichannel time source redundancy, high reliability and monitorable,which satisfies the requirements of safety digital time-stamping.
本文根据DTS现状,提出了一种多通道、高可靠性、可监测性的数字时间戳系统时间溯源方案。在该方案中,时间溯源主要由授时中心主钟信号提供以保证时间戳服务的权威性,同时采用多种时间同步技术以保证系统时间可靠和准确性;本文还提出了一种高精度的时间戳技术实现方式,测试分析表明,该方式的时间戳精确度优于0.5us。在此基础上,本文还研究了相应的时间溯源技术、基于ARM系统的嵌入式系统技术,NTP协议技术、电话授时技术等相关技术,并完成对应数字时间戳系统时间溯源系统的设计与样机实现。通过对该样机的功能测试和性能测试表明,该方案具有多通道时间源冗余、高可靠性和高精度时间同步特性,符合安全数字时间戳服务要求。
The technology of digital time-stamping(DTS) service is to make the traditional time-stamping digitize with computer technology.It is one kind of credible time service provided by the third party(Time-Stamping Service,TSS).The digital time-stamping data obtained from the third party can be used to prove that the data has already existed at certain time. With the development of the computer technology and INTERNET, the time-stamping technology is popularly used in digital signature, electronic commerce and so on.In recent yeas, it grows rapidly of the application of digital certificate.Many TSS is established, at the same time, the law about the digital certificate has passed. The primarily drawback existing in TSS of domestic is listed as follows: time of the digital time-stamping service primarily relies on the GPS; it has no monitoring system and backup system.Because of these drawback,it can’t be to guarantee the authority and exactitude of digital time-stamping.
According to the fact of DTS, this dissertation presents one blue print of traceable source of time in digital time-stamping system,which has characteristics as follows:multicenter, high reliability and monitorable and so on.In this blue print,the traceable source of time is provided through the main clock signal of NTSC so that to guarantee the authority of time-stamping;multitechnologies of time synchronization is used to make sure the reliability and exactitude of the time of digital time-stamping. One way of realization of high precision time-stamping is also presented in this dissertation.Testing indicate that the precision of time-stamping is better than 0.5us. Besides, in this dissertation, the research work as follows has been done: the technology of time synchronization, technology of embedded system based on ARM,NTP ,telephone time service .The sample of traceable source of time in digital time-stamping system is designed and realized.Testing for function and performance of the sample indicate that the blue print has characteristics as follows:multichannel time source redundancy, high reliability and monitorable,which satisfies the requirements of safety digital time-stamping.
引文
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[22]廖日坤编著.ARM 嵌入式应用开发技术白金手册[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2005.
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[29]张炯编著.Unix 网络编程实用技术与实例分析[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002.
[30]Graham Glass,King Ables 著,刘颖等译[M].Linux 程序员与用户指南,北京:清华大学出版社,2006.
[31] 冯平 , 白燕等 . 电话授时系统用户接收器频率修正计实验研究 [J]. 时间频率学报:2000,23(1):53-57.
[32]Mohan Atreya 等著,贺军等译. 数字签名[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2003.
[33]刘卫明,孙利,戈国华.数字时间戳在电子商务安全中的应用[J].福建电脑:2007.4,45-47.
[34]王飞雪.SNTP 协议在嵌入式 LINUX 中的实现[J].电脑与信息技术:2007,15(2):11-13.
[35] Samsung corporation.KS0108B 64CH SEGMENT DRIVER FOR DOT MATRIX LCD.
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[2]邵志远.数字时间戳应用初探.金融电子化.
[3]郭伟,漆溢,乔荣川.数字时间戳服务系统的设计[J].时间频率学报:2005,28(1):36-44.
[4] Mohan Atreya 等著,贺军等译.数字签名.北京:清华大学出版社,2003.
[5]吴世忠,祝世雄,张文政.应用密码学(译著)[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2000.
[6]陈璇.网络对时技术及应用方向研究.中国舰船研究:2007,2(6):42-45.
[7]Network Time Protocol(Version 3)Specification. Implementation and Analysis[EB/OL], http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc1305.html,1992-03
[8] Simple Network Time Protocol (SNTP) Version 4 for IPv4, IPv6 and OSI[EB/OL], http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc2030.html,1996
[9]Set Your Computer's Clock Via the Telephone NIST Automated Computer Time Service (ACTS) [EB/OL]. http://tf.nist.gov/timefreq/service/acts.htm.
[10]王田苗,魏洪兴.嵌入式系统设计实例开发[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2003.
[11]陈文智等.嵌入式系统开发原理与实践[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2005.
[12]张茹,孙松林,于晓刚.嵌入式系统技术基础[M].北京:北京邮电大学出版社,2006.
[13]郭春柱编著.嵌入式系统设计师案例导学[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2007.
[14]王进德编著.嵌入式 LINUX 程序设计与应用案例[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2007.
[15] 孙纪坤, 张小全编著.嵌入式 LINUX 系统开发技术详解:基于 ARM[M].北京:人民邮电出版史,2006.
[16]潘巨龙等著.ARM9 嵌入式 LINUX 系统构建与应用[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2006.
[17]周立功,陈明计,陈渝编著.ARM 嵌入式 LINUX 系统构建与驱动开发范例[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2006.
[18]Jonatban Corbet,Alessandro Rubinid 著,魏永明,耿岳,钟书毅译.LINUX 设备驱动程序[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2006.
[19]刘淼.嵌入式系统接口设计与 LINUX 驱动程序开发[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2006.
[20]孙天泽.嵌入式设计及 LINUX 驱动开发指南[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2005.
[21]胥静.嵌入式系统设计与开发实例详解—基于 ARM 的应用[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2005.
[22]廖日坤编著.ARM 嵌入式应用开发技术白金手册[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2005.
[23]韩山,郭云,付海艳.ARM 微处理器应用开发技术详解与实例分析[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2007.
[24]Samsung corporation.S3C2410X 32-BIT RISC MICROPROCESSOR USER’S MANUAL Revision 1.2[EB/OL],2003
[25]宋妍,朱爽.基于 NTP 的网络时间服务系统的研究.计算机工程与应用[J],2003,36:147-149.
[26]Michbael Barr. Programming Embedded Systems in C and C++[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2001.
[27] 柯 熙 政 , 和 康 元 等 . 电 话 授 时 系 统 的 时 间 同 步 准 确 度 研 究 [J]. 宇 航 计 测 技术,2000,20(1):27-31.
[28]西安北斗星数码信息股份有限公司.BDXMD-56K1 型嵌入式调制解调器使用说明书,2003.
[29]张炯编著.Unix 网络编程实用技术与实例分析[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002.
[30]Graham Glass,King Ables 著,刘颖等译[M].Linux 程序员与用户指南,北京:清华大学出版社,2006.
[31] 冯平 , 白燕等 . 电话授时系统用户接收器频率修正计实验研究 [J]. 时间频率学报:2000,23(1):53-57.
[32]Mohan Atreya 等著,贺军等译. 数字签名[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2003.
[33]刘卫明,孙利,戈国华.数字时间戳在电子商务安全中的应用[J].福建电脑:2007.4,45-47.
[34]王飞雪.SNTP 协议在嵌入式 LINUX 中的实现[J].电脑与信息技术:2007,15(2):11-13.
[35] Samsung corporation.KS0108B 64CH SEGMENT DRIVER FOR DOT MATRIX LCD.
[36]Arnold Robbins 著,杨明军,曹亚菲,夏毅译.实战 LINUX 编程精髓[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2005.