基于时域场路耦合模型的变压器直流偏磁电磁特性研究
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摘要
高压直流输电单极大地系统和电网磁暴灾害中的变压器直流偏磁及其影响是高压电网和大型电力变压器研究中的重要内容。本论文结合国家国际科技合作项目(编号：2010DFA64680),重点研究了变压器直流偏磁时的电磁特性,提出时域场路耦合的方法,分析了直流扰动对变压器产生的影响,取得的主要研究成果如下：
分析矢量磁位的不同有限元方法在变压器三维磁场计算中的适用性,提出了基于棱边有限元法的时域场路耦合模型。该模型将非线性磁场有限元法计算与时域电路龙格库塔法求解迭代耦合,为进一步开展直流扰动下变压器类设备的相关研究奠定了基础。结合变压器直流偏磁问题,研究了时域场路耦合模型迭代计算的稳定性。根据稳定性分析提出了时域场路耦合模型的一种变步长自适应迭代算法。
基于时域场路耦合模型研究了变压器直流偏磁的电磁特性。对比不同直流注入方式下变压器绕组电流、铁心磁场以及漏磁场的分布与变化情况,研究了不同直流注入方式对变压器交流励磁的影响。计算变压器在不同运行方式下直流偏磁的电磁特性,获得了励磁电流、谐波含量和动态电感的变化规律。通过仿真计算与和实验测量对比,验证了直流偏磁情况下时域场路耦合模型及其计算方法的正确性。
在计算变压器直流偏磁电磁特性的基础上,进一步研究了构件涡流损耗的分布情况。将时域场路耦合计算得到的瞬时电流作为输入量计算三维时域非线性涡流场,得到了变压器在空载和负载直流偏磁时箱体、拉板、屏蔽等构件涡流损耗的分布及变化规律。应用时域场路耦合模型进一步研究了变压器直流偏磁时的动态漏电感,分析了基于漏电感参数的变压器保护判据,为直流偏磁相关保护提供参考。
本论文所开展的研究工作为变压器直流偏磁的进一步研究奠定了基础。
It is very important to take research of DC-biased transformer and its impacts in monopole-earth system of high voltage direct current (HVDC) or magnetic storm in power network. Supported by the National and International Technology Cooperation Projects under Grant No.2010DFA64680, the electromagnetic characteristics of DC bias is studied in detail. A new method called time-domain magnetic field-electrical circuit coupled method is proposed, which is used to analyze the affection from DC disturbance to transformer. The main research achievements are as follows:
Three-dimensional magnetic computation of different finite element methods based on magnetic vector potential function is studied. A new time-domain magnetic field-electrical circuit coupled model based on the edge finite element method is proposed. By this method, the time-varying electromagnetic computation of transformer is devided into nonlinear magnetic and time-domain circuit. And it is valid for the related analysis for electromagnetic devices such as transformer. Then the stable problem of computation in DC bias, which is based on the time-domain field-circuit coupled method, has been concerned. On the basis of stability analysis, an adaptive algorithm is proposed.
Based on the time-domain magnetic field-electrical circuit coupled model, the electromagnetic characteristics of DC-biased transformer are analyzed. Different patterns of DC injection, as DC current flowing through the primary winding or the secondary winding, have been considered. Under DC-inject ways, the exciting current, magnetic filed and leak magnetic are learned and compared. The impact of DC current on AC excitation is analyzed. Then this method is used for computing the electromagnetic characteristics in DC biasing, and the varying regularity of coupling parameters is studied. With experiments carried out, the time-domain magnetic field-electrical circuit coupled method is proved.
The time-domain magnetic field-electrical circuit coupled method is applied in eddy-current computation and DC-bias protection. The transient current is computed, which is treated as input in the three-dimensional nonlinear eddy field. The magnetic and eddy current are computed for transformer with different operating conditions. Analysis is carried out about the eddy losses of tie plate, clamp, shield and tank with DC current inrushing. Then the time-domain coupled computation is applied to compute the dynamic leakage inductances when DC bias happens. Variation of the dynamic leakage inductance is learned to conclude its regularity. Evaluation about the protection criterion based on leakage inductance is brought out, and reference is provided for the transformer protection in DC bias.
The research work in this dissertation lays the foundation for further study of DC-biased transformer.
分析矢量磁位的不同有限元方法在变压器三维磁场计算中的适用性,提出了基于棱边有限元法的时域场路耦合模型。该模型将非线性磁场有限元法计算与时域电路龙格库塔法求解迭代耦合,为进一步开展直流扰动下变压器类设备的相关研究奠定了基础。结合变压器直流偏磁问题,研究了时域场路耦合模型迭代计算的稳定性。根据稳定性分析提出了时域场路耦合模型的一种变步长自适应迭代算法。
基于时域场路耦合模型研究了变压器直流偏磁的电磁特性。对比不同直流注入方式下变压器绕组电流、铁心磁场以及漏磁场的分布与变化情况,研究了不同直流注入方式对变压器交流励磁的影响。计算变压器在不同运行方式下直流偏磁的电磁特性,获得了励磁电流、谐波含量和动态电感的变化规律。通过仿真计算与和实验测量对比,验证了直流偏磁情况下时域场路耦合模型及其计算方法的正确性。
在计算变压器直流偏磁电磁特性的基础上,进一步研究了构件涡流损耗的分布情况。将时域场路耦合计算得到的瞬时电流作为输入量计算三维时域非线性涡流场,得到了变压器在空载和负载直流偏磁时箱体、拉板、屏蔽等构件涡流损耗的分布及变化规律。应用时域场路耦合模型进一步研究了变压器直流偏磁时的动态漏电感,分析了基于漏电感参数的变压器保护判据,为直流偏磁相关保护提供参考。
本论文所开展的研究工作为变压器直流偏磁的进一步研究奠定了基础。
It is very important to take research of DC-biased transformer and its impacts in monopole-earth system of high voltage direct current (HVDC) or magnetic storm in power network. Supported by the National and International Technology Cooperation Projects under Grant No.2010DFA64680, the electromagnetic characteristics of DC bias is studied in detail. A new method called time-domain magnetic field-electrical circuit coupled method is proposed, which is used to analyze the affection from DC disturbance to transformer. The main research achievements are as follows:
Three-dimensional magnetic computation of different finite element methods based on magnetic vector potential function is studied. A new time-domain magnetic field-electrical circuit coupled model based on the edge finite element method is proposed. By this method, the time-varying electromagnetic computation of transformer is devided into nonlinear magnetic and time-domain circuit. And it is valid for the related analysis for electromagnetic devices such as transformer. Then the stable problem of computation in DC bias, which is based on the time-domain field-circuit coupled method, has been concerned. On the basis of stability analysis, an adaptive algorithm is proposed.
Based on the time-domain magnetic field-electrical circuit coupled model, the electromagnetic characteristics of DC-biased transformer are analyzed. Different patterns of DC injection, as DC current flowing through the primary winding or the secondary winding, have been considered. Under DC-inject ways, the exciting current, magnetic filed and leak magnetic are learned and compared. The impact of DC current on AC excitation is analyzed. Then this method is used for computing the electromagnetic characteristics in DC biasing, and the varying regularity of coupling parameters is studied. With experiments carried out, the time-domain magnetic field-electrical circuit coupled method is proved.
The time-domain magnetic field-electrical circuit coupled method is applied in eddy-current computation and DC-bias protection. The transient current is computed, which is treated as input in the three-dimensional nonlinear eddy field. The magnetic and eddy current are computed for transformer with different operating conditions. Analysis is carried out about the eddy losses of tie plate, clamp, shield and tank with DC current inrushing. Then the time-domain coupled computation is applied to compute the dynamic leakage inductances when DC bias happens. Variation of the dynamic leakage inductance is learned to conclude its regularity. Evaluation about the protection criterion based on leakage inductance is brought out, and reference is provided for the transformer protection in DC bias.
The research work in this dissertation lays the foundation for further study of DC-biased transformer.
引文
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