基于Web具有三维可视化功能的个性化产品定制系统的研究与开发
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摘要
本文主要研究基于Web的具有三维可视化功能的个性化产品定制系统的体系结构和关键技术，通过对个性化产品定制系统的系统划分和功能需求分析，提出了个性化产品定制系统中各个子系统的结构框架和工作流程，并且挖掘了各个子系统的功能需求，研究了实现这些功能的方法和关键技术，并且开发了一个客户在前端三维浏览和定制产品的客户产品定制子系统和一个协同产品定制的交流工具。研究的内容主要包括：
(1)分析了产品的个性化定制是市场需求发展的必然趋势，明确指出了企业实施个性化产品定制系统的经济效益和社会效益。通过对现有个性化产品定制系统的调研，确定了本文的四个工作重点。
(2)研究了整个个性化产品定制系统的体系结构和工作流程，指出个性化产品定制系统是实现客户个性化产品定制到企业大规模定制生产的连接桥梁。讨论了产品定制系统中关键的客户定制子系统、订单管理子系统、产品设计子系统、产品性能评价子系统和可制造性评价子系统等子系统的体系结构和工作流程。讨论了各个子系统的关系和集成的方式。
(3)基于产品定制系统的体系结构和子系统的划分，研究了各个子系统工作中的功能需求，如产品三维可视化功能、产品协同定制功能、产品性能分析功能以及产品数据管理功能等。
(4)基于对产品定制系统的功能需求分析，探讨这些功能的实现原理和实现技术：包括产品三维可视化技术、协同定制的实现机制、定制产品的性能仿真和可制造性分析的实现技术以及基于产品族的产品设计的实现技术。它们都是开发第五章实例系统的必需技术。
(5)以电动牙刷的个性化产品定制系统为实例，介绍了产品数据管理技术、基于产品族的产品开发技术、模块化设计技术、产品性能远程分析等技术在实例系统中的应用。实例中还开发了具有产品三维可视化和使用过程仿真功能的客户定制子系统，以及一个客户和生产企业之间协同定制产品的交流工具。
In this paper, the most research work focus on the architecture and key techniques of individual product customization system with three-dimensional visualization based on Web. By system decomposing and functions requirements analysis, this paper puts forward the architecture and workflow of each subsystem, find out the function requirements of each subsystem, discusses the realizing methods and techniques of theses functions, and an instance system is developed finally. The main work of this paper includes:
(1) It points out that the product individual customization is the trend of market requirement and the profits of application of the individual product customization system is analyzed. Four main tasks are determined by analyzing the existing product customization system.
(2) It studies the architecture and the workflow of the whole product customization system. The architecture and workflow of the subsystem, such as clients customization subsystem, product design subsystem, product performances and producing possibility-evaluating subsystem. The relationship and integrating methods are also discussed.
(3) Based on the discussion of the architecture and decomposing of the customization system, this paper studies function requirements of each subsystem, letting three-dimensional visualization, product cooperative customization, product performances analysis and or so as instances.
(4) Based on the analysis of the function requirements of product customization system, it discusses the realizing theories and methods of these functions, which include the three-dimensional visualization, function of product cooperative customization, analysis of product performances and product data management, etc.
(5) Giving the power toothbrush customization system as an instance, this paper finally introduces the application of PDM technique, product developing technique based on product family, modularization design technique and remote product performances analysis technique in the instance system. Client customization subsystem with three-dimensional visualization and product performances simulation in usage is developed, and a communion tool for the client and the enterprise to commune is also developed.
(1)分析了产品的个性化定制是市场需求发展的必然趋势，明确指出了企业实施个性化产品定制系统的经济效益和社会效益。通过对现有个性化产品定制系统的调研，确定了本文的四个工作重点。
(2)研究了整个个性化产品定制系统的体系结构和工作流程，指出个性化产品定制系统是实现客户个性化产品定制到企业大规模定制生产的连接桥梁。讨论了产品定制系统中关键的客户定制子系统、订单管理子系统、产品设计子系统、产品性能评价子系统和可制造性评价子系统等子系统的体系结构和工作流程。讨论了各个子系统的关系和集成的方式。
(3)基于产品定制系统的体系结构和子系统的划分，研究了各个子系统工作中的功能需求，如产品三维可视化功能、产品协同定制功能、产品性能分析功能以及产品数据管理功能等。
(4)基于对产品定制系统的功能需求分析，探讨这些功能的实现原理和实现技术：包括产品三维可视化技术、协同定制的实现机制、定制产品的性能仿真和可制造性分析的实现技术以及基于产品族的产品设计的实现技术。它们都是开发第五章实例系统的必需技术。
(5)以电动牙刷的个性化产品定制系统为实例，介绍了产品数据管理技术、基于产品族的产品开发技术、模块化设计技术、产品性能远程分析等技术在实例系统中的应用。实例中还开发了具有产品三维可视化和使用过程仿真功能的客户定制子系统，以及一个客户和生产企业之间协同定制产品的交流工具。
In this paper, the most research work focus on the architecture and key techniques of individual product customization system with three-dimensional visualization based on Web. By system decomposing and functions requirements analysis, this paper puts forward the architecture and workflow of each subsystem, find out the function requirements of each subsystem, discusses the realizing methods and techniques of theses functions, and an instance system is developed finally. The main work of this paper includes:
(1) It points out that the product individual customization is the trend of market requirement and the profits of application of the individual product customization system is analyzed. Four main tasks are determined by analyzing the existing product customization system.
(2) It studies the architecture and the workflow of the whole product customization system. The architecture and workflow of the subsystem, such as clients customization subsystem, product design subsystem, product performances and producing possibility-evaluating subsystem. The relationship and integrating methods are also discussed.
(3) Based on the discussion of the architecture and decomposing of the customization system, this paper studies function requirements of each subsystem, letting three-dimensional visualization, product cooperative customization, product performances analysis and or so as instances.
(4) Based on the analysis of the function requirements of product customization system, it discusses the realizing theories and methods of these functions, which include the three-dimensional visualization, function of product cooperative customization, analysis of product performances and product data management, etc.
(5) Giving the power toothbrush customization system as an instance, this paper finally introduces the application of PDM technique, product developing technique based on product family, modularization design technique and remote product performances analysis technique in the instance system. Client customization subsystem with three-dimensional visualization and product performances simulation in usage is developed, and a communion tool for the client and the enterprise to commune is also developed.
引文
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[276] Santra, A. and S. A. Karim. 2000. Growth performance of faunated and defaunated Malpura weaner lambs. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 86:251-260.
[277] Santra, A. and S. A. Karim. 2002a. Influence of ciliate protozoa on biochemical changes and hydrolytic enzyme profile in the rumen ecosystem. J. Appl. Microbiol. 92:801-811.
[278] Santra, A. and S. A. Karim. 2003. Rumen manipulation to improve animal productivity. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci., 16 (5):748-763.
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[281] Schiere, J. B., M. N. M. Ibrahim. V. J. H. Sewalt and G. Zemmelink. 1989. Response of growing cattle given rice straw to lick blocks containing urea and molasses. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 26:179-189.
[282] Schofield , P. 2000. Gas production methods. 2000 In: farmanimal metabolism and nutrition.Ed. J. P. F. D'Mello. CABI. Publishion. UK.
[283] Selvendran, R. R. 1983. The chemistry of plant cell walls: In: Dietary fiber, pp. 95-145. Ed. Birth, G. G and Parker, K. J. Applied Science publichers Ltd. Essex, England.
[284] Sequeira, C. A. and J. C. Sequeira. 1993. Bacterial adhesion to fibre during in vitro
工业大学，2003，5．
[16]田坤．模块化设计技术．《组合机床与自动化加工技术》．2000．1
[17]丁莲，吴锡英，汤文成．产品设计质量评价指标体系的研究．机械工业自动化．第19卷第4期1997年12月．
[18]贾振元，金岩．基于成组技术的可重构制造系统CAPP的研究．机械设计与制造．2003(1)．-10-11
[19]S. Simon, J.F.Steven, K.Wakid, B.Steven. A foundation for interoperability in next generation product development systems. Computer Aided Design. V33,N7, Jun,2001. P545-559
[20]周玉明 范宏雷．实施产品数据管理，提升企业开发能力．CAD／CAM与制造业信息化．2003(1)．-86-88
[21]Jack C.H. Chung, Teng-Shang Hwang, Chien-Tai Wu, etal. Framework for Integrated Mechanical Design Automation. Computer-Aided Design. 32(2000)355～365.
[22]Javier P. Gonzalez-Zugasti, Kevin N. Otto and John D.Baker. A Method for Architecting Product Platforms. Research in Engineering Design (2000)12:61～72.
[23]何升，袁清珂，何圣华．基于产品族的产品设计平台[J]．机床与液压．2003．8
[24]JIAO JX, TSENG M M, DUFFY V G, etal. Product family modeling for mass customization[J]. Computer in Industry, 1998, Vol,35 No,3-4: 495-498.
[25]Timothy W. Simpson, Jonathan R. A. Maier, Farrokh Mistree. Product Platform Design: Method and Application. Res Eng Design 13(2001) 2～22.
[26]EDS Corporation. /MAN7.0 online help. USA: EDS,2000
[27]X.F. Zha, S. Y.E.Lim and S.C.Fok. Development of expert System for Concurrent Product Design and Planning for Assembly. Int J Adv manuf Technol (1999)15: 153～162.
[28]E.Shehab and H.Abdalla. An Intelligent Knowledge-Based System for Product Cost Modelling. Int J Adv ManufTechnol (2002) 19:49～65
[29]Guo．时尚软件网络3D新时尚——CULT3D．软件．2001(7)．-25-29．
[30]胡松涛．产品展示能手—CULT 3D入门与提高．中国电力出版社．2002．2
[31]A.J. Campbell, R. G. Cooper, Do Customer Partnerships Improve New Product Success
Rates?, Industrial Marketing Management, 1999, (28): 507-519
[32] K.E. Gruner, C. Homburg, Does Customer Interaction Enhance New Product Success?, Journal of Business Research, 2000, (49): 1-14
[33] X. Shi,J.Chen,Y. Peng and X. Ruan. Development of a Knowledge-Based Process Planning System for an Auto Panel. Int J Adv Manuf Technol(2002)19:898～904.
[34] Ping-Yi Chao, Yu-Chou Wang. A data exchange framework for nextworked CAD/CAM. Computer in Industry. V44,N2, Mar,2001. P131-140.
[35] J.A.Penoyer, GBurnett,D.J.Fawcett,S.Y.Liou. Knowledge based product life cycle systems: principles of integration of KBE and C3P. Computer-Aided design, 32(2000) P.311-320.
[36] 何圣华，袁清珂，唐成华。基于JSP的多节点多分支扭转振动系统远程计算的实现方法。机电工程技术，2004年第二期
[269] Russell, J. B., H..1. Stobel, and S. A. Martin. 1990. Strategies of nutrient transport by ruminal bacteria. J.Dairy Sci. 73:2996-3012.
[270] Russell, J. B., D. Oonnor, D. G. Fox, P. J. Van Soest and C. J. Sniffen. 1992. A net carbohydrate and protein system for evaluating cattle diets. 1. Ruminal fermentation. J. Anim. Sci. 70:3551-3561.
[271] Russell, J. B., and R. J. Wallace. 1997. Energy-yidlding and energy-consuming reactions, p. 246-282. in P. N. lhoboson and C. S. Stewar(Eds.), Chapman and Hall, london.
[272] Saadullah, M., K. V. Thomsen, M. Haque, P. D. Moiler, S. A. Niemann. 1985. Rumen degradation of dry matter and protein supplements.Proc.15th Int. Grassland Congr. Kyoto, Japan.
[273] Saha, S. K., S. Senani, M. K. Padhi, B. R. Shome, Rajeswari. Shome and S. P. S. Ahlawal. 1999. Microbial manipulation of rumen fermentation using Sccharomyces cervisiae as probiotics. Current Sciences. 77:696-697.
[274] Sahoo, A. Elangovan, A. V., U. R. Mchra, U. B. Singh. 1992. Response of urea-molasses semisolid block and urea-molasses liquid polypack supplement on blood biochemical constituents. Indian J. Dairy Sci.,45(3): 154-156.
[275] Santra, A. D. N. Kamra and N. N. Pathak. 1996. Infiucence of ciliate protozoa on biochemical changes and hydrolytic enzymes in the rumen of Murrah buffalo(Bubalus bubalis). Buffalo J. 1:95-100.
[276] Santra, A. and S. A. Karim. 2000. Growth performance of faunated and defaunated Malpura weaner lambs. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 86:251-260.
[277] Santra, A. and S. A. Karim. 2002a. Influence of ciliate protozoa on biochemical changes and hydrolytic enzyme profile in the rumen ecosystem. J. Appl. Microbiol. 92:801-811.
[278] Santra, A. and S. A. Karim. 2003. Rumen manipulation to improve animal productivity. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci., 16 (5):748-763.
[279] SAS. 1996 SAS Users Guide, Version 8, SAS Institude Inc., Cary, NC.
[280] Satter, L. D., and L. L.Slyter.1974. Effect of ammonia concentration on rumen microbial production in vitro. Br. J. Nutr. 32: 99-208.
[281] Schiere, J. B., M. N. M. Ibrahim. V. J. H. Sewalt and G. Zemmelink. 1989. Response of growing cattle given rice straw to lick blocks containing urea and molasses. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 26:179-189.
[282] Schofield , P. 2000. Gas production methods. 2000 In: farmanimal metabolism and nutrition.Ed. J. P. F. D'Mello. CABI. Publishion. UK.
[283] Selvendran, R. R. 1983. The chemistry of plant cell walls: In: Dietary fiber, pp. 95-145. Ed. Birth, G. G and Parker, K. J. Applied Science publichers Ltd. Essex, England.
[284] Sequeira, C. A. and J. C. Sequeira. 1993. Bacterial adhesion to fibre during in vitro
工业大学，2003，5．
[16]田坤．模块化设计技术．《组合机床与自动化加工技术》．2000．1
[17]丁莲，吴锡英，汤文成．产品设计质量评价指标体系的研究．机械工业自动化．第19卷第4期1997年12月．
[18]贾振元，金岩．基于成组技术的可重构制造系统CAPP的研究．机械设计与制造．2003(1)．-10-11
[19]S. Simon, J.F.Steven, K.Wakid, B.Steven. A foundation for interoperability in next generation product development systems. Computer Aided Design. V33,N7, Jun,2001. P545-559
[20]周玉明 范宏雷．实施产品数据管理，提升企业开发能力．CAD／CAM与制造业信息化．2003(1)．-86-88
[21]Jack C.H. Chung, Teng-Shang Hwang, Chien-Tai Wu, etal. Framework for Integrated Mechanical Design Automation. Computer-Aided Design. 32(2000)355～365.
[22]Javier P. Gonzalez-Zugasti, Kevin N. Otto and John D.Baker. A Method for Architecting Product Platforms. Research in Engineering Design (2000)12:61～72.
[23]何升，袁清珂，何圣华．基于产品族的产品设计平台[J]．机床与液压．2003．8
[24]JIAO JX, TSENG M M, DUFFY V G, etal. Product family modeling for mass customization[J]. Computer in Industry, 1998, Vol,35 No,3-4: 495-498.
[25]Timothy W. Simpson, Jonathan R. A. Maier, Farrokh Mistree. Product Platform Design: Method and Application. Res Eng Design 13(2001) 2～22.
[26]EDS Corporation. /MAN7.0 online help. USA: EDS,2000
[27]X.F. Zha, S. Y.E.Lim and S.C.Fok. Development of expert System for Concurrent Product Design and Planning for Assembly. Int J Adv manuf Technol (1999)15: 153～162.
[28]E.Shehab and H.Abdalla. An Intelligent Knowledge-Based System for Product Cost Modelling. Int J Adv ManufTechnol (2002) 19:49～65
[29]Guo．时尚软件网络3D新时尚——CULT3D．软件．2001(7)．-25-29．
[30]胡松涛．产品展示能手—CULT 3D入门与提高．中国电力出版社．2002．2
[31]A.J. Campbell, R. G. Cooper, Do Customer Partnerships Improve New Product Success
Rates?, Industrial Marketing Management, 1999, (28): 507-519
[32] K.E. Gruner, C. Homburg, Does Customer Interaction Enhance New Product Success?, Journal of Business Research, 2000, (49): 1-14
[33] X. Shi,J.Chen,Y. Peng and X. Ruan. Development of a Knowledge-Based Process Planning System for an Auto Panel. Int J Adv Manuf Technol(2002)19:898～904.
[34] Ping-Yi Chao, Yu-Chou Wang. A data exchange framework for nextworked CAD/CAM. Computer in Industry. V44,N2, Mar,2001. P131-140.
[35] J.A.Penoyer, GBurnett,D.J.Fawcett,S.Y.Liou. Knowledge based product life cycle systems: principles of integration of KBE and C3P. Computer-Aided design, 32(2000) P.311-320.
[36] 何圣华，袁清珂，唐成华。基于JSP的多节点多分支扭转振动系统远程计算的实现方法。机电工程技术，2004年第二期
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