浙江经济发达地区银行消费信贷个人信用评估体系的理论分析与实证研究
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摘要
信用问题是关系到我国市场经济健康、有序发展的重大问题之一，也是影响我国消费信贷发展的主要瓶颈。信用问题的形成有其深刻的社会原因，其中个人信用制度的缺乏是重要原因之一。个人信用制度的建设涉及到方方面面，个人信用评估体系是整个体系建设的重要环节。
本文根据对浙江省经济发达地区银行消费信贷中个人信用评估体系的调查，从实证的角度对我国现行个人信用评估体系进行研究分析，提出个人信用评估体系的建设关键是在相关法律法规的支持下，建立独立公正的个人信用评估机构。
第一章，指出我国消费信贷发展的瓶颈所在是因为个人信用制度的缺乏，而个人信用评估体系是个人信用制度建设的重要环节，是直接关系到社会、金融机构、消费者个人三方利益的关键因素。
第二章，在给出信用、个人信用评估等相关概念的界定的基础上指出，信用不仅指简单的信贷活动和信用关系，而且含有货币借贷者的偿债能力、履约记录、守信程度及由此形成的社会信誉等多种意义；个人信用评估在消费信贷的发展中扮演了至关重要的角色。
第三章，对个人信用评估体系从理论上进行了比较系统的分析与评述，重点分析了个人信用评估的理论模型及个人信用评估体系的内容，指出虽然随着社会的发展，个人信用评估的手段越来越多，但作为具有主观能动性的人的因素始终是不能忽视的；在个人信用评估体系的建设方面，指出虽然个人信用评估机构具有权威性，但为了保护消费者利益，保证个人信用制度的健康发展，我们需要对信用评估机构以立法的形式对其行为进行严格规范；
第四章是本文的核心，是根据杭州、宁波、温州三地银行个人信用评估体系的调查进行的实证分析。本章利用SPSS10.0统计软件对三地银行在个人消费信贷中的个人信用从需求分析、征信分析、风险分析及个人信用评估体系的建设等方面进行了较为详尽的实证分析，内容涉及到个人信用资料的获取与审核，个人信用评估指标的选取、个人信用的风险防范个人信用评估体系的建设等，并根据调查结果进行了原因分析。
第五章，提出我国建设个人信用评估体系的障碍根源在于信息不对称，针对本文的调查结果，给出了相应建议。指出建立以相配套的法律法规为基础，以独立公正的个人信用评估机构为中心的个人信用评估体系是解决问题的关键，并就此给出建议。
The credit question is to concern healthily,one of the important issue of development in order of market economy of our country,influence too Main bottleneck of consumptive credit development of our country. There are its deep social reasons in the forming of the credit question,among them the shortage of the credit rating system is one of the important reasons. The construction of the credit rating system involves every aspect,the evaluation system of personal credit is the important link of the whole system construction.
The foundation of this text,to the investigation of the evaluation system of personal credit in the consumptive credit of bank of developed area of Zhejiang Province,research and analyze the current personal credit evaluation system of our country in terms of real example,propose that the construction key to the evaluation system of personal credit is supported by relevant laws and regulations,set up the appraisal agency of personal credit with just independence.
Chapter one points out of our country consumptive credit bottleneck of development in because of shortage of credit rating system,and the evaluation system of personal credit is the important link of the institutional improvement of personal credit,.It is the key factor concerning society,financial institution,consumer's personal tripartite interests directly.
Chapter two,points out on the basis of assessing etc. the defining of relevant concept for credit,personal credit,credit not merely means the simple credit activity and credit relationship,and the debt paying ability with monetary debit and credit sides person,honoring an agreement and is written down,keeps one's word in many kinds of meanings,such as degree and social prestige of taking shape from this,etc.;Personal credit is assessed and played an essential role in the development of the consumptive credit.
Chapter three have carried on more systematic analysis and commentary to the evaluation system of personal credit theoretically,theory model and content of the personal credit evaluation system that have analyzed personal credit and assess especially,point out though with the development of society,means that personal credit assesses get more and more,but can't be ignored all the time as the human factor with subjective initiative;In construction of the evaluation system of personal credit,point out though the appraisal agency of personal credit has authoritativeness,but in order to protect consumer's interests,guarantee the sound development of the credit rating system,We need go on standard of rigorous lying enforce to credit appraisal agency by form that legislate to behavior their
Chapter four core of this text to analyze according to Hangzhou,Ningbo,Wenzhou three personal credit real example that investigation go on of evaluation system,bank of place. This chapter utilizes SPSS 10.0 to count the software from demand analysis to the personal credit in the personal consumptive credit of bank of three places,the respects,such as analysis of the reference,risk analysis and construction of the personal credit evaluation system,etc. have carried on comparatively exhaustive real example analysis,Content involve personal credit materials obtain and verify,personal credit assess index choose,risk of personal credit take precautions against personal credit construction of evaluation system,etc.,and has carried on reason analysis according to the investigation result.
Chapter five,propose that the obstacle origin that our country builds the evaluation system of personal credit lies in the information asymmetry,to the investigation result of this text,have appeared and propose correspondingly . Pointing out that setting up the evaluation system of personal credit which is based on related laws and regulations,taking just appraisal agency of personal credit of the independence as centre is the key to solving the problem,and proposed what we should do at this point.
本文根据对浙江省经济发达地区银行消费信贷中个人信用评估体系的调查，从实证的角度对我国现行个人信用评估体系进行研究分析，提出个人信用评估体系的建设关键是在相关法律法规的支持下，建立独立公正的个人信用评估机构。
第一章，指出我国消费信贷发展的瓶颈所在是因为个人信用制度的缺乏，而个人信用评估体系是个人信用制度建设的重要环节，是直接关系到社会、金融机构、消费者个人三方利益的关键因素。
第二章，在给出信用、个人信用评估等相关概念的界定的基础上指出，信用不仅指简单的信贷活动和信用关系，而且含有货币借贷者的偿债能力、履约记录、守信程度及由此形成的社会信誉等多种意义；个人信用评估在消费信贷的发展中扮演了至关重要的角色。
第三章，对个人信用评估体系从理论上进行了比较系统的分析与评述，重点分析了个人信用评估的理论模型及个人信用评估体系的内容，指出虽然随着社会的发展，个人信用评估的手段越来越多，但作为具有主观能动性的人的因素始终是不能忽视的；在个人信用评估体系的建设方面，指出虽然个人信用评估机构具有权威性，但为了保护消费者利益，保证个人信用制度的健康发展，我们需要对信用评估机构以立法的形式对其行为进行严格规范；
第四章是本文的核心，是根据杭州、宁波、温州三地银行个人信用评估体系的调查进行的实证分析。本章利用SPSS10.0统计软件对三地银行在个人消费信贷中的个人信用从需求分析、征信分析、风险分析及个人信用评估体系的建设等方面进行了较为详尽的实证分析，内容涉及到个人信用资料的获取与审核，个人信用评估指标的选取、个人信用的风险防范个人信用评估体系的建设等，并根据调查结果进行了原因分析。
第五章，提出我国建设个人信用评估体系的障碍根源在于信息不对称，针对本文的调查结果，给出了相应建议。指出建立以相配套的法律法规为基础，以独立公正的个人信用评估机构为中心的个人信用评估体系是解决问题的关键，并就此给出建议。
The credit question is to concern healthily,one of the important issue of development in order of market economy of our country,influence too Main bottleneck of consumptive credit development of our country. There are its deep social reasons in the forming of the credit question,among them the shortage of the credit rating system is one of the important reasons. The construction of the credit rating system involves every aspect,the evaluation system of personal credit is the important link of the whole system construction.
The foundation of this text,to the investigation of the evaluation system of personal credit in the consumptive credit of bank of developed area of Zhejiang Province,research and analyze the current personal credit evaluation system of our country in terms of real example,propose that the construction key to the evaluation system of personal credit is supported by relevant laws and regulations,set up the appraisal agency of personal credit with just independence.
Chapter one points out of our country consumptive credit bottleneck of development in because of shortage of credit rating system,and the evaluation system of personal credit is the important link of the institutional improvement of personal credit,.It is the key factor concerning society,financial institution,consumer's personal tripartite interests directly.
Chapter two,points out on the basis of assessing etc. the defining of relevant concept for credit,personal credit,credit not merely means the simple credit activity and credit relationship,and the debt paying ability with monetary debit and credit sides person,honoring an agreement and is written down,keeps one's word in many kinds of meanings,such as degree and social prestige of taking shape from this,etc.;Personal credit is assessed and played an essential role in the development of the consumptive credit.
Chapter three have carried on more systematic analysis and commentary to the evaluation system of personal credit theoretically,theory model and content of the personal credit evaluation system that have analyzed personal credit and assess especially,point out though with the development of society,means that personal credit assesses get more and more,but can't be ignored all the time as the human factor with subjective initiative;In construction of the evaluation system of personal credit,point out though the appraisal agency of personal credit has authoritativeness,but in order to protect consumer's interests,guarantee the sound development of the credit rating system,We need go on standard of rigorous lying enforce to credit appraisal agency by form that legislate to behavior their
Chapter four core of this text to analyze according to Hangzhou,Ningbo,Wenzhou three personal credit real example that investigation go on of evaluation system,bank of place. This chapter utilizes SPSS 10.0 to count the software from demand analysis to the personal credit in the personal consumptive credit of bank of three places,the respects,such as analysis of the reference,risk analysis and construction of the personal credit evaluation system,etc. have carried on comparatively exhaustive real example analysis,Content involve personal credit materials obtain and verify,personal credit assess index choose,risk of personal credit take precautions against personal credit construction of evaluation system,etc.,and has carried on reason analysis according to the investigation result.
Chapter five,propose that the obstacle origin that our country builds the evaluation system of personal credit lies in the information asymmetry,to the investigation result of this text,have appeared and propose correspondingly . Pointing out that setting up the evaluation system of personal credit which is based on related laws and regulations,taking just appraisal agency of personal credit of the independence as centre is the key to solving the problem,and proposed what we should do at this point.
引文
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[2] 粟勤，消费信贷(M)，北京：中国审计出版社，2001
[3] 肖成华，新世纪个人资信评估(M)，北京：中华工商联合出版社，2001
[4] 李世谦，大融通：经济信用与中外消费信贷(M)，北京：经济日报出版社，2001
[5] 于璐，消费信贷运作指南(M)，成都：四川大学出版社，2001
[6] 王爱俭，建立我国个人信用制度研究(J)，经济学动态，2001．(2)
[7] 陈继忠，信用是社会主义市场经济的重要基础(J)，理论前沿，2001．(7)
[8] 宋羽，建立信用制度完善约束机制(J)，北京财贸管理干部学院学报，2001．(1)
[9] 贺绎奋，关于建立我国城市个人信用征信系统的设想(J)，宁波论坛，2001．(2)
[10] 包军，个人信用体系终于浮出水面(J)，现代经济信息，2000．(11)
[11] 谢庆丰，关于建立我国个人信用体系的构想(J)，南方金融，2000．(1)
[12] 闵一宗，经济身份证向我们走来(J)，经济世界，2001．(9)
[13] 李利明，当银行成为企业(N)，经济观察报，2002．2．25
[14] 王岩，美国商业银行的消费信贷业务(J)，城市金融论坛，1999．(10)
[15] 郭文凯，我国商业银行零售业务的的发展思路(J)，上海金融，1999．(2)
[16] 陈志远，对发展消费信贷的思考(J)，浙江金融，1999．(9)
[17] 张怀旭，信贷消费：稳步前行(J)，企业经济，1999．(10)
[18] 郭文富，商业银行拓展消费信贷业务的难点与分析(J)，新金融，1999．(6)
[19] 戴根有，发展消费信贷是当前刺激消费的重要途径(J)，中国金融，1999．(4)
[20] 张瑶，对发展我国消费信贷的研究(J)，农村金融研究，1999．(5)
[21] 许晓峰，资信评估实务概览(M)，北京：中华工商联合出版社，1998
[22] 尔毫，解读个人信用，商业文化(J)，2000．(6)
[23] 杨俊川，商业银行放款实务(M) 北京：中国金融出版社，1998
[24] 郑斌，个人住房贷款风险防范(J)，中国房地产金融，2001．(5)
[25] 王晓欣，消费信贷悄然走进百姓家(N)，金融时报，2000．9．21
[26] 张国宁，居民对消费信贷一知半解(N)，中国经济时报，2000．11．28
[27] 陈凯华，构建信用消费的平安大道(J)，经济师，2001．2
[28] 冷丽莲，建立我国个人信用评估浅析(J)，商业研究，2000．1
[29] 课题组，上海如何建立个人信用制度(J)，上海经济，1999．4
[30] 叶天全，对建立我国个人信用制度的思考(J)，西南民族学院学报，2001．5
[31] 上海信用消费面临崩盘(N)，新闻晨报，2001．12．19
[32] 孙茂林，建立个人信用联合征信系统的问题探讨(J)，济南金融，2000．11
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