磷肥对“梯伯”百合组培苗种球生长发育影响的研究
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摘要
本试验以东方百合“梯伯”组培苗为材料,对百合不定芽试管内生根结鳞茎和磷肥施用技术方面进行了研究。研究不同浓度的PP333、NAA和糖对百合试管内生根结鳞茎的影响；在大棚、盆栽条件下,研究磷肥的不同施肥量及不同施用方式对百合组培苗生长发育的互作效应,以寻求东方百合组培苗种球的优质培育技术,为东方百合种球的大规模国产化生产提供技术参考。本试验氮肥施用11.04kg/667m2,钾肥施用44.16k/667m2,磷肥的不同施肥量设计了5个水平,每667m2分别为Okg(CK)、11.04kg(A1)、22.08kg(A2)、33.12kg(A3、44.16kg(A4);磷肥的不同施用方式设计了3个水平,分别为：B1(100%基肥)、B2(60%作基肥,40%平均分4次作追肥穴施)、B3(60%作基肥,40%平均分4次作追肥叶面喷施)。试验结果表明：
1、PP333有利于百合不定芽试管内生根结鳞茎,最适合的浓度为2.5mg/L; NAA促进生根,最适浓度为0.5mg/L,但对结鳞茎的促进效果不明显；糖促进百合不定芽的生根结鳞茎,最适合浓度为60g/L。三者比较以糖浓度60g/L对提高百合组培苗生根结鳞茎效果最好。
2、当磷肥全用作基肥(B1处理)时,不同施肥量处理中以A2处理(22.08kg/667m2)的百合组培苗的株高最高、茎径最大、叶片数最多、叶片叶绿素含量最高,分别比对照高45.6%、44.4%、29.3%、20.2%；A3处理(33.12kg/667m2)的百合植株的根重、鳞茎的周径、鳞茎鲜重及淀粉、可溶性糖、蛋白质含量最高；百合叶片全磷含量随磷肥施肥量增加而增加。
3、在磷肥不同施用方式试验中,当磷肥施用量统一为A2处理(22.08kg/667m2)时,B3处理(60%作基肥,40%平均分4次作追肥叶面喷施)百合组培苗株高、叶片数、茎径、根重、鳞茎的周径、鲜重、淀粉、可溶性糖、蛋白质含量均高于其他处理,B1处理(100%基肥)的叶片叶绿素含量最高。
4、磷肥不同施肥量与施用方式配合处理时,综合考虑各项指标,A283处理(22.08kg/667m2,60%作基肥,40%平均分4次作追肥叶面喷施)较适合百合组培苗生长。
Taking the Oriental hybrid lily Tiber tissue culture seedling as materials, study of rooting and forming of bulblets in tube and fertilization technology of phosphorus was conducted. This experiment studies the effects of different concentrations of PP333, NAA and sugar on rooting and bulblets formation of Lily plant. In the greenhouse, potted conditions, the effects of different total of applied P, way of applied P and interactive between them on growth and physiological of the Lily tissue culture seedling was studied, in the purpose of finding high quality cultivation techniques in bulbs of Lily tissue culture seedling and providing technical reference for oriental lily seed of large-scale localized production. Five levers of phosphorus fertilization supply was designed:0kg/667m2(CK), 11.04kg/667m2 (A1),22.08kg/667m2 (A2),33.12kg/667m2 (A3) and 44.16kg/667m2 (A4); Phosphorus fertilization methods were designed into three levers:B1 (100% as basic fertilizer), B2(60% as basic fertilize and 40% average for four times as top-dressing and hole applied); B3(60% as basic fertilize 40% average for four times as spray on leaves). The chief results are showed as follows:
1. PP333 favored roots-taking and bulblets forming of the Lily tissue culture seedling in the tube. The best concentration was 2.5mg/L; The NAA benefited rooting but had not obvious effect on bulblets forming, the better concentration was 0.5 mg/L; The sugar benefited rooting and bulblets formation, the better concentration was 60g/L.
2. When Phosphorus fertilizer 100% was used as basic fertilizer (B1 treatment), A2 treatment (22.08kg/667m2) had the highest Lily plant, the biggest stem diameter, the most number of leaf and the highest chlorophyl contents of Lily leaf. These indicators in treatment A2 were higher respectively 45.6%,44.4%,29.3%,20.2% than those of CK. In treatment A3(33.12kg/667m2),fresh weight of root, perimeter and fresh weight of bulb and the content of starch, soluble sugar, and protein was the highest. The content of total phosphorus increased as supply increasing of phosphorus fertilization.
3. In the experiment of the effect of different application of Phosphorus fertilizer, when the application amount of Phosphorus fertilizer was A2 treatment (22.08kg/667m2), the B3 treatment (60% as basic fertilize 40% average for four times as spray on leaves) was better than other treatments in height of Lily plant, number of leaf, stem diameter, fresh weight of root, perimeter and fresh weight of bulb and the content of starch, soluble sugar and protein. The chlorophyl content of Lily leaf of treatment B1 (100% as basic fertilizer) was the highest.
4. When different treatments of interaction between the supply amount of phosphorus fertilization and supply methods, contrasting all indexes of different treatments, the A2B3 treatment (22.08 kg/667m2 and 60% as basic fertilize 40% average for four times as spray on leaves) was the best treatment in this experiment.
1、PP333有利于百合不定芽试管内生根结鳞茎,最适合的浓度为2.5mg/L; NAA促进生根,最适浓度为0.5mg/L,但对结鳞茎的促进效果不明显；糖促进百合不定芽的生根结鳞茎,最适合浓度为60g/L。三者比较以糖浓度60g/L对提高百合组培苗生根结鳞茎效果最好。
2、当磷肥全用作基肥(B1处理)时,不同施肥量处理中以A2处理(22.08kg/667m2)的百合组培苗的株高最高、茎径最大、叶片数最多、叶片叶绿素含量最高,分别比对照高45.6%、44.4%、29.3%、20.2%；A3处理(33.12kg/667m2)的百合植株的根重、鳞茎的周径、鳞茎鲜重及淀粉、可溶性糖、蛋白质含量最高；百合叶片全磷含量随磷肥施肥量增加而增加。
3、在磷肥不同施用方式试验中,当磷肥施用量统一为A2处理(22.08kg/667m2)时,B3处理(60%作基肥,40%平均分4次作追肥叶面喷施)百合组培苗株高、叶片数、茎径、根重、鳞茎的周径、鲜重、淀粉、可溶性糖、蛋白质含量均高于其他处理,B1处理(100%基肥)的叶片叶绿素含量最高。
4、磷肥不同施肥量与施用方式配合处理时,综合考虑各项指标,A283处理(22.08kg/667m2,60%作基肥,40%平均分4次作追肥叶面喷施)较适合百合组培苗生长。
Taking the Oriental hybrid lily Tiber tissue culture seedling as materials, study of rooting and forming of bulblets in tube and fertilization technology of phosphorus was conducted. This experiment studies the effects of different concentrations of PP333, NAA and sugar on rooting and bulblets formation of Lily plant. In the greenhouse, potted conditions, the effects of different total of applied P, way of applied P and interactive between them on growth and physiological of the Lily tissue culture seedling was studied, in the purpose of finding high quality cultivation techniques in bulbs of Lily tissue culture seedling and providing technical reference for oriental lily seed of large-scale localized production. Five levers of phosphorus fertilization supply was designed:0kg/667m2(CK), 11.04kg/667m2 (A1),22.08kg/667m2 (A2),33.12kg/667m2 (A3) and 44.16kg/667m2 (A4); Phosphorus fertilization methods were designed into three levers:B1 (100% as basic fertilizer), B2(60% as basic fertilize and 40% average for four times as top-dressing and hole applied); B3(60% as basic fertilize 40% average for four times as spray on leaves). The chief results are showed as follows:
1. PP333 favored roots-taking and bulblets forming of the Lily tissue culture seedling in the tube. The best concentration was 2.5mg/L; The NAA benefited rooting but had not obvious effect on bulblets forming, the better concentration was 0.5 mg/L; The sugar benefited rooting and bulblets formation, the better concentration was 60g/L.
2. When Phosphorus fertilizer 100% was used as basic fertilizer (B1 treatment), A2 treatment (22.08kg/667m2) had the highest Lily plant, the biggest stem diameter, the most number of leaf and the highest chlorophyl contents of Lily leaf. These indicators in treatment A2 were higher respectively 45.6%,44.4%,29.3%,20.2% than those of CK. In treatment A3(33.12kg/667m2),fresh weight of root, perimeter and fresh weight of bulb and the content of starch, soluble sugar, and protein was the highest. The content of total phosphorus increased as supply increasing of phosphorus fertilization.
3. In the experiment of the effect of different application of Phosphorus fertilizer, when the application amount of Phosphorus fertilizer was A2 treatment (22.08kg/667m2), the B3 treatment (60% as basic fertilize 40% average for four times as spray on leaves) was better than other treatments in height of Lily plant, number of leaf, stem diameter, fresh weight of root, perimeter and fresh weight of bulb and the content of starch, soluble sugar and protein. The chlorophyl content of Lily leaf of treatment B1 (100% as basic fertilizer) was the highest.
4. When different treatments of interaction between the supply amount of phosphorus fertilization and supply methods, contrasting all indexes of different treatments, the A2B3 treatment (22.08 kg/667m2 and 60% as basic fertilize 40% average for four times as spray on leaves) was the best treatment in this experiment.
引文
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