基于关联域的距离保护防连锁跳闸策略研究
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摘要
基于关联域的距离保护防连锁跳闸策略,可以有效的识别电网中潮流转移的发生与传递,从后备保护与负荷控制的角度双向应对潮流转移带来的影响,可靠防止连锁事件的发生,其研究对防御大停电事故具有重要现实意义。本文在分析现有防连锁跳闸策略的特点及存在问题的基础上,首次尝试将距离后备保护整定值调整与线路过负荷控制联系在一起,利用广域信息提升传统距离保护的性能,实现电网安全防御系统三道防线的综合应用,探索集保护与控制一体化的统一协调式防连锁跳闸策略。论文的主要研究成果如下：
(1)提出了利用保护安装处电气量的距离保护Ⅲ段过负荷闭锁方案。分别给出针对故障状态和过负荷状态的识别判据,通过判据校验来区分故障和过负荷,使距离保护Ⅲ段具有选择性闭锁的能力；
(2)提出了可识别电网结构改变的视在阻抗修正算法。利用与电网运行实时同步的PMU数据,实现在潮流转移情况下输电线路视在阻抗变化过程的动态计算,将线路视在阻抗的变化过程与线路有功功率的输送情况建立联系,从距离保护的角度进行潮流转移识别；
(3)提出了距离后备保护整定值自适应调整方案。计算距离保护Ⅲ段在不同整定值条件下所能承受的过负荷界限,以过负荷界限为标准,分别给出过负荷界限内、过负荷界限外的距离保护Ⅲ段整定值调整方法；
(4)提出了一种关联区域的构建方法。根据潮流转移在发生初始对电网影响的有限性,构建与潮流转移、后备保护调整、过负荷控制三者密切相关的关联区域,将全网计算简化为区域计算：
(5)提出了一种基于关联域的防连锁跳闸策略。该策略以调度中心为决策中枢,以后备保护整定值调整和线路过负荷控制为措施,将保护与控制集成为统一协调的整体,实现电网安全防御系统三道防线的综合应用。
The distance protection control strategy to prevent cascading trips based on related area can effectively identify the flow transfer happening in the power grid. Coping with the effects of the flow transfer from both backup protection and overload control, this strategy can reliably prevent cascading trips. As a result, this method is of great importance for practical significance in the prevention of large-scale blackout in the power system. Based on the analysis of the characteristics and shortcomings of the existing methods, the control strategy which associates the backup protection setting value adjustment with the transmission line overload control to analysis and design, was firstly applied in this paper. By using the wide area information to improve the performance of the traditional distance protection, this method realizes the comprehensive application of three lines defense in the power grid security defense system, and explores the harmonious unity strategy combined with protection and control. The main achievements and contributions of this dissertation are as follows:
(1) An overload blocking scheme for zone3distance protection based on the local information was proposed. Given the different discrimination criterion for the failure state and load state, this paper used the criterion to distinguish fault and overload which makes the zone3distance protection own the ability of selective block;
(2) An apparent impedance correction algorithm which can identify the change of network structure was proposed. Use the real-time PMU data which synchronize with the power system operation, the dynamic calculation of transmission line apparent impedance change process in flow transfer state is realized. Connect the apparent impedance and the active power, and then identify the flow transfer from the perspective of distance protection;
(3) An adaptive setting scheme for distance backup protection was proposed. Raise the overload limit calculation method for zone3distance protection in the different setting value conditions. On the basis of overload limit, raise the adjusting setting scheme within or outside the boundaries of overload limit;
(4) A method for related area construction was proposed. By analyzing the flow transfer in the initial limited impact on the power grid, construct a flow transfer area related with backup protection and overload control. Using the related area can simplify the entire network calculation for area calculation;
(5) A control strategy to prevent cascading trips based on related area was proposed. This strategy uses the dispatching center as a decision-making central with backup protection adjustment and overloads control strategy, and integrates the protection and control to realize the comprehensive application of three lines of defense in power grid security defense system.
(1)提出了利用保护安装处电气量的距离保护Ⅲ段过负荷闭锁方案。分别给出针对故障状态和过负荷状态的识别判据,通过判据校验来区分故障和过负荷,使距离保护Ⅲ段具有选择性闭锁的能力；
(2)提出了可识别电网结构改变的视在阻抗修正算法。利用与电网运行实时同步的PMU数据,实现在潮流转移情况下输电线路视在阻抗变化过程的动态计算,将线路视在阻抗的变化过程与线路有功功率的输送情况建立联系,从距离保护的角度进行潮流转移识别；
(3)提出了距离后备保护整定值自适应调整方案。计算距离保护Ⅲ段在不同整定值条件下所能承受的过负荷界限,以过负荷界限为标准,分别给出过负荷界限内、过负荷界限外的距离保护Ⅲ段整定值调整方法；
(4)提出了一种关联区域的构建方法。根据潮流转移在发生初始对电网影响的有限性,构建与潮流转移、后备保护调整、过负荷控制三者密切相关的关联区域,将全网计算简化为区域计算：
(5)提出了一种基于关联域的防连锁跳闸策略。该策略以调度中心为决策中枢,以后备保护整定值调整和线路过负荷控制为措施,将保护与控制集成为统一协调的整体,实现电网安全防御系统三道防线的综合应用。
The distance protection control strategy to prevent cascading trips based on related area can effectively identify the flow transfer happening in the power grid. Coping with the effects of the flow transfer from both backup protection and overload control, this strategy can reliably prevent cascading trips. As a result, this method is of great importance for practical significance in the prevention of large-scale blackout in the power system. Based on the analysis of the characteristics and shortcomings of the existing methods, the control strategy which associates the backup protection setting value adjustment with the transmission line overload control to analysis and design, was firstly applied in this paper. By using the wide area information to improve the performance of the traditional distance protection, this method realizes the comprehensive application of three lines defense in the power grid security defense system, and explores the harmonious unity strategy combined with protection and control. The main achievements and contributions of this dissertation are as follows:
(1) An overload blocking scheme for zone3distance protection based on the local information was proposed. Given the different discrimination criterion for the failure state and load state, this paper used the criterion to distinguish fault and overload which makes the zone3distance protection own the ability of selective block;
(2) An apparent impedance correction algorithm which can identify the change of network structure was proposed. Use the real-time PMU data which synchronize with the power system operation, the dynamic calculation of transmission line apparent impedance change process in flow transfer state is realized. Connect the apparent impedance and the active power, and then identify the flow transfer from the perspective of distance protection;
(3) An adaptive setting scheme for distance backup protection was proposed. Raise the overload limit calculation method for zone3distance protection in the different setting value conditions. On the basis of overload limit, raise the adjusting setting scheme within or outside the boundaries of overload limit;
(4) A method for related area construction was proposed. By analyzing the flow transfer in the initial limited impact on the power grid, construct a flow transfer area related with backup protection and overload control. Using the related area can simplify the entire network calculation for area calculation;
(5) A control strategy to prevent cascading trips based on related area was proposed. This strategy uses the dispatching center as a decision-making central with backup protection adjustment and overloads control strategy, and integrates the protection and control to realize the comprehensive application of three lines of defense in power grid security defense system.
引文
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