归属位置寄存器在用户选择性前转业务中的应用与研究
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摘要
移动通信从20世纪80年代发展起来并迅速得到普及。据统计,目前全球移动通信用户已经超过4亿。本文主要研究了CDMA移动通信系统中归属位置寄存器的作用、组成,并在归属位置寄存器中设计和实现了用户选择性前转业务。
本文首先对CDMA移动通信系统的网络参考模型、子系统组成、系统特点以及系统应用的几个关键技术和协议等进行介绍和阐述。在此基础上,对CDMA系统中网络子系统的核心部分——归属位置寄存器进行了进一步地阐述,对归属位置寄存器在支持通信业务、移动性管理和安全性管理方面的功能进行了介绍,并将归属位置寄存器划分为信令处理单元、数据库单元、业务管理单元三个子模块,具体介绍了各组成模块的功能和体系结构。
用户选择性前转业务(User Selective Call Forwarding)是3GPP2协议规定的一种新增业务。论文以用户选择性前转业务的具体设计开发和实现为例,介绍归属位置寄存器在新业务实现中的应用,针对HLR数据库部分的实现,提出了使用ORACLE数据库和PRO*C的实现方法,并且重点介绍了USCF业务的开户、模板开户以及查询、修改用户签约数据等功能在归属位置寄存器中的设计与实现。
此外,本文就所实现的HLR系统的特点进行了分析,总结了对HLR系统进行改进的多进程、多线程设计方法,并提出了在用户数据表中建立索引、删除冗余数据以及改进消息结构和参数设计等提高归属位置寄存器的性能和处理速度的建议。
Mobile communication has developed from 1980's and it becomes popular rapidly. It is said that by now the total number of mobile communication subscribers is more than 400 million. This paper mainly discusses the function, constitution of HLR (Home Location Register) of CDMA. In addition, the design and realization of USCF (User Selective Call Forwarding) in HLR is described in this paper.' Firstly, the network model, structure, features and the key technologies of CDMA, together with the protocols and messages applied in CDMA systems are introduced in this paper. Based on these, Home Location Register (HLR), as the key part of the network subsystem in CDMA is further described secondly. Its main functions in communication support, mobile management and security management are introduced. Then we divide HLR into three modules, Signal Processing Unit (SPU), HLR Database (HDB) and Service Management Unit (SMU) and the function and the structure of each module are also introduced in detail in this paper.User Selective Call Forwarding (USCF) is one new service defined by 3GPP2. In this paper, we will use the design and realization of USCF as a specific example to illuminate how to apply HLR to complete services. We present one subject to design and realize USCF with ORACLE and PRO*C. Then how to realize the functions of USCF, including inserting-user, inserting-user by profile, querying and modifying users' USCF data is explained in detail.In addition, the features of HLR are analyzed and the plan to design multi-process and multi-thread HLR is also summarized. And several measures to increase the efficiency of HLR, such as creating index in tables, deleting redundancy data and improving the structures of messages and the design of parameters are presented.
本文首先对CDMA移动通信系统的网络参考模型、子系统组成、系统特点以及系统应用的几个关键技术和协议等进行介绍和阐述。在此基础上,对CDMA系统中网络子系统的核心部分——归属位置寄存器进行了进一步地阐述,对归属位置寄存器在支持通信业务、移动性管理和安全性管理方面的功能进行了介绍,并将归属位置寄存器划分为信令处理单元、数据库单元、业务管理单元三个子模块,具体介绍了各组成模块的功能和体系结构。
用户选择性前转业务(User Selective Call Forwarding)是3GPP2协议规定的一种新增业务。论文以用户选择性前转业务的具体设计开发和实现为例,介绍归属位置寄存器在新业务实现中的应用,针对HLR数据库部分的实现,提出了使用ORACLE数据库和PRO*C的实现方法,并且重点介绍了USCF业务的开户、模板开户以及查询、修改用户签约数据等功能在归属位置寄存器中的设计与实现。
此外,本文就所实现的HLR系统的特点进行了分析,总结了对HLR系统进行改进的多进程、多线程设计方法,并提出了在用户数据表中建立索引、删除冗余数据以及改进消息结构和参数设计等提高归属位置寄存器的性能和处理速度的建议。
Mobile communication has developed from 1980's and it becomes popular rapidly. It is said that by now the total number of mobile communication subscribers is more than 400 million. This paper mainly discusses the function, constitution of HLR (Home Location Register) of CDMA. In addition, the design and realization of USCF (User Selective Call Forwarding) in HLR is described in this paper.' Firstly, the network model, structure, features and the key technologies of CDMA, together with the protocols and messages applied in CDMA systems are introduced in this paper. Based on these, Home Location Register (HLR), as the key part of the network subsystem in CDMA is further described secondly. Its main functions in communication support, mobile management and security management are introduced. Then we divide HLR into three modules, Signal Processing Unit (SPU), HLR Database (HDB) and Service Management Unit (SMU) and the function and the structure of each module are also introduced in detail in this paper.User Selective Call Forwarding (USCF) is one new service defined by 3GPP2. In this paper, we will use the design and realization of USCF as a specific example to illuminate how to apply HLR to complete services. We present one subject to design and realize USCF with ORACLE and PRO*C. Then how to realize the functions of USCF, including inserting-user, inserting-user by profile, querying and modifying users' USCF data is explained in detail.In addition, the features of HLR are analyzed and the plan to design multi-process and multi-thread HLR is also summarized. And several measures to increase the efficiency of HLR, such as creating index in tables, deleting redundancy data and improving the structures of messages and the design of parameters are presented.
引文
[1] 王文博,常永宇,等.移动通信原理与应用.北京:北京邮电大学出版社,2002.1～12 156～172
[2] 王世顺 《移动通信原理与应用(修订本)》 人民邮电出版社1995年12月.北京.
[3] 孙立新,刑宁霞.CDMA移动通信技术.北京:人民邮电出版社,1997
[4] 李承恕.论中国CDMA移动通信的发展.中兴通讯技术,2002,8(2):31-33
[5] 夏健刚,李常清,王芸.第三代移动通信主流技术.光电工程,2004,31(3):68～72
[6] 雷震洲.第三代移动通信系统展望.电子展望与决策,1997,4:15～17
[7] 王芙蓉,黄载禄.一种可扩展的移动通信系统HLR设计方案.华中科技大学学报,2001,29(6):19～21
[8] 刘满,梅加珍.数字移动通信系统的业务种类.电信技术,1996.7
[9] 胡春静,王文博.第三代移动通信业务应用类型概述.电声技术,2002,2
[10] 刘春强.移动通信核心网的平滑演进.电信工程技术与标准化,2003,9:23～25
[11] 祁玉生,邵世祥.现代移动通信系统.北京:人民邮电出版社,1999.7～10
[12] Randall A Snyder, Michael D Gallagher.基于ANSI-41标准的无线通信组网(张志龙,孙敏琪,王世练).北京:人民邮电出版社,2002.10～39
[13] 杨晋儒,吴立贞.No.7信令系统技术手册.北京:人民邮电出版社,2001.61～92
[14] 王泉.CDMA——发展移动通信的领先技术.电子展望与决策,1997,4:41～45
[15] 田贵珍,高鹏.CDMA在移动通信技术中的应用.电信工程技术与标准化,1997,6:18～23
[16] 施俊强.第三代移动通信系统的发展分析.无线电工程,2001,7
[17] 朱立东,吴诗其.多业务CDMA蜂窝移动通信系统的功率控制.通信学报,2003,24(6):81～89
[18] 马凤琴,王长生.CDMA前向功率控制算法.重庆邮电学院学报(自然科学版),1997,9:11～14
[19] 朱近康.CDMA个人通信的关键技术和试验系统.电信科学,1997,1:33～39
[20] 梁庆林《CDMA数字蜂窝通信技术》《现代电信科技》.1995年.第1期、第2期
[21] 中华人民共和国信息产业部.YD/T1031-1999.800MHZ CDMA数字蜂窝移 动通信网行业标准.北京:中国标准出版社,1999-12-01
[22] Lee W C W. Overview of cellular CDMA. IEEE Trans, 1991, VT-40(2): 291～302
[23] EIA/TIA IS-95 Standard. Wideband spread spectrum digital cellular system dual mode mobile station base station compatibility standard. 1993
[24] 王道宜,严烈民.通信系统中的个人可移动性和终端可移动性.电信科学,1997,2
[25] 中华人民共和国信息产业部.YD/T 1031-1999.800MHZ CDMA数字蜂窝移动通信网移动应用部分技术要求.北京:中国标准出版社,1999-12-01
[26] An overview of application of code division multiple access (CDMA) to digital. cellular systems and personal cellular network. Qualcomm Inc, 1992
[27] Yuguang Fang, Imrich Chlamtac, Hong-Bing Fei. Analytical Results for Optimal Choice of Location Update Interval for Mobility Database Failure Restoration in PCS Networks. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, 2000, 11(6): 615～624
[28] Ian F Akyildiz, Joseph S M Ho. On Location Management for Personal Communications networks. IEEE Communication Magazine, 1996, 34(9): 138～145
[29] 殷蔚华.个人通信的移动性管理技术研究:[博士学位论文].武汉:华中科技大学,2001
[30] 王晗阳.CDMA中的鉴权和加密.信息安全与通信保密,2002,2:43～46
[31] 曹鹏.移动性管理技术研究:[博士学位论文].武汉:华中科技大学,2001
[32] Yugang Fang, Imrich Chlamtac, Hongbing Fei. Failure Recovery of HLR Mobility Databases and Parameter Optimization for PCS Networks. Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing, 2000, 60(4): 431～450
[33] Liu Caixia, Yu Dingjiu, Cheng Dongnian, et al. Research on HLR Mobility Database Failure Recovery and Performance Analysis for CDMA2000 Systems. JOURNAL OF ELECTRONICS(CHINA), 2004, 21(4): 29～305
[34] 王云洁.CDMA移动通信系统归属位置寄存器(HLR)数据库的设计与实现:[硕士学位论文].西安:西安交通大学,2000
[35] 吴庆,汪小燕,王芙蓉.HLR数据库操作与维护子系统的设计与实现.计算机工程与应用,2001,37(4):71～73
[36] TIA/EIA. TIA/EIA/41-D. Cellular Radiotelecommunications Intersystem Operations. Virginia: TELECOMMUNICATIONS INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION 1997 Standards and Technology Department 2500 Wilson Boulevard, 1997-11-13
[37] Ying Luo, Yi Pan, Jie Li, et al. A New Overflow. Replacement Policy for Efficient Location Management in Mobile Networks. In: Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems. Washington: IEEE Computer Society, 2003. 830～842
[38] 孙晓舟.HLR设计方法研究:[硕士学位论文].西安:西安电子科技大学,2002
[39] 王非,汪小燕.基于Oracle8i的大容量HLR系统的可靠性设计与实现.计算机工程与应用,2002,4:196～197 203
[40] 李翔,陈前军.Oracle数据库在HLR中的应用.电信工程技术与标准化,2003,1:41～44
[41] 刘桂.ORACLE嵌入SQL技术.情报指挥控制系统与仿真技术,2002,1:48～51
[42] 高勇秀,徐京晶.ORACLE关系数据库编程界面PRO*C的应用,计算机工程与应用,1995,1
[43] Loney K.Oracle8数据库管理员手册.李小军,李晓华译.北京:机械工业出版社,1998.
[44] 余小高.用嵌入式SQL语言开发ORACLE数据库应用的方法研究,计算机应用与软件,2004,4
[45] 李继红.3G网络安全完整解决方案:[博士后学位论文].上海:上海交通大学.2001
[46] Ravi Prakash, Zygmunt Haas, Mukesh Singhal. Load-balanced location management for cellular mobile systems using quorums and dynamic hashing. Wireless Networks, 2001, 7(5): 497～512
[47] 余毅敏,王芙蓉.GSM中基于状态机模型的HLR操作实体.电信快报,1999,2
[48] Chuang J C-1. Wireless personal communication: part 1. part 2. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas In Communications, 1993, 11: 6～7
[49] Jain R, Lin Y B, Lo C N, et al. A Caching Strategy to Reduce Network Impacts of PCS. IEEE. J. Select. Areas Commun, 1994, 12(8): 1434～1445
[50] Lin Y B. Determining the User Locations for Personal Communication Services Networks. IEEE Trans. on Vehicular Technology, 1994, 43(3): 466～473
[51] 王坚强,王群.ORACLE数据库管理技术与应用探讨.科技情报开发与经济,2002,4:46～49
[2] 王世顺 《移动通信原理与应用(修订本)》 人民邮电出版社1995年12月.北京.
[3] 孙立新,刑宁霞.CDMA移动通信技术.北京:人民邮电出版社,1997
[4] 李承恕.论中国CDMA移动通信的发展.中兴通讯技术,2002,8(2):31-33
[5] 夏健刚,李常清,王芸.第三代移动通信主流技术.光电工程,2004,31(3):68～72
[6] 雷震洲.第三代移动通信系统展望.电子展望与决策,1997,4:15～17
[7] 王芙蓉,黄载禄.一种可扩展的移动通信系统HLR设计方案.华中科技大学学报,2001,29(6):19～21
[8] 刘满,梅加珍.数字移动通信系统的业务种类.电信技术,1996.7
[9] 胡春静,王文博.第三代移动通信业务应用类型概述.电声技术,2002,2
[10] 刘春强.移动通信核心网的平滑演进.电信工程技术与标准化,2003,9:23～25
[11] 祁玉生,邵世祥.现代移动通信系统.北京:人民邮电出版社,1999.7～10
[12] Randall A Snyder, Michael D Gallagher.基于ANSI-41标准的无线通信组网(张志龙,孙敏琪,王世练).北京:人民邮电出版社,2002.10～39
[13] 杨晋儒,吴立贞.No.7信令系统技术手册.北京:人民邮电出版社,2001.61～92
[14] 王泉.CDMA——发展移动通信的领先技术.电子展望与决策,1997,4:41～45
[15] 田贵珍,高鹏.CDMA在移动通信技术中的应用.电信工程技术与标准化,1997,6:18～23
[16] 施俊强.第三代移动通信系统的发展分析.无线电工程,2001,7
[17] 朱立东,吴诗其.多业务CDMA蜂窝移动通信系统的功率控制.通信学报,2003,24(6):81～89
[18] 马凤琴,王长生.CDMA前向功率控制算法.重庆邮电学院学报(自然科学版),1997,9:11～14
[19] 朱近康.CDMA个人通信的关键技术和试验系统.电信科学,1997,1:33～39
[20] 梁庆林《CDMA数字蜂窝通信技术》《现代电信科技》.1995年.第1期、第2期
[21] 中华人民共和国信息产业部.YD/T1031-1999.800MHZ CDMA数字蜂窝移 动通信网行业标准.北京:中国标准出版社,1999-12-01
[22] Lee W C W. Overview of cellular CDMA. IEEE Trans, 1991, VT-40(2): 291～302
[23] EIA/TIA IS-95 Standard. Wideband spread spectrum digital cellular system dual mode mobile station base station compatibility standard. 1993
[24] 王道宜,严烈民.通信系统中的个人可移动性和终端可移动性.电信科学,1997,2
[25] 中华人民共和国信息产业部.YD/T 1031-1999.800MHZ CDMA数字蜂窝移动通信网移动应用部分技术要求.北京:中国标准出版社,1999-12-01
[26] An overview of application of code division multiple access (CDMA) to digital. cellular systems and personal cellular network. Qualcomm Inc, 1992
[27] Yuguang Fang, Imrich Chlamtac, Hong-Bing Fei. Analytical Results for Optimal Choice of Location Update Interval for Mobility Database Failure Restoration in PCS Networks. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, 2000, 11(6): 615～624
[28] Ian F Akyildiz, Joseph S M Ho. On Location Management for Personal Communications networks. IEEE Communication Magazine, 1996, 34(9): 138～145
[29] 殷蔚华.个人通信的移动性管理技术研究:[博士学位论文].武汉:华中科技大学,2001
[30] 王晗阳.CDMA中的鉴权和加密.信息安全与通信保密,2002,2:43～46
[31] 曹鹏.移动性管理技术研究:[博士学位论文].武汉:华中科技大学,2001
[32] Yugang Fang, Imrich Chlamtac, Hongbing Fei. Failure Recovery of HLR Mobility Databases and Parameter Optimization for PCS Networks. Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing, 2000, 60(4): 431～450
[33] Liu Caixia, Yu Dingjiu, Cheng Dongnian, et al. Research on HLR Mobility Database Failure Recovery and Performance Analysis for CDMA2000 Systems. JOURNAL OF ELECTRONICS(CHINA), 2004, 21(4): 29～305
[34] 王云洁.CDMA移动通信系统归属位置寄存器(HLR)数据库的设计与实现:[硕士学位论文].西安:西安交通大学,2000
[35] 吴庆,汪小燕,王芙蓉.HLR数据库操作与维护子系统的设计与实现.计算机工程与应用,2001,37(4):71～73
[36] TIA/EIA. TIA/EIA/41-D. Cellular Radiotelecommunications Intersystem Operations. Virginia: TELECOMMUNICATIONS INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION 1997 Standards and Technology Department 2500 Wilson Boulevard, 1997-11-13
[37] Ying Luo, Yi Pan, Jie Li, et al. A New Overflow. Replacement Policy for Efficient Location Management in Mobile Networks. In: Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems. Washington: IEEE Computer Society, 2003. 830～842
[38] 孙晓舟.HLR设计方法研究:[硕士学位论文].西安:西安电子科技大学,2002
[39] 王非,汪小燕.基于Oracle8i的大容量HLR系统的可靠性设计与实现.计算机工程与应用,2002,4:196～197 203
[40] 李翔,陈前军.Oracle数据库在HLR中的应用.电信工程技术与标准化,2003,1:41～44
[41] 刘桂.ORACLE嵌入SQL技术.情报指挥控制系统与仿真技术,2002,1:48～51
[42] 高勇秀,徐京晶.ORACLE关系数据库编程界面PRO*C的应用,计算机工程与应用,1995,1
[43] Loney K.Oracle8数据库管理员手册.李小军,李晓华译.北京:机械工业出版社,1998.
[44] 余小高.用嵌入式SQL语言开发ORACLE数据库应用的方法研究,计算机应用与软件,2004,4
[45] 李继红.3G网络安全完整解决方案:[博士后学位论文].上海:上海交通大学.2001
[46] Ravi Prakash, Zygmunt Haas, Mukesh Singhal. Load-balanced location management for cellular mobile systems using quorums and dynamic hashing. Wireless Networks, 2001, 7(5): 497～512
[47] 余毅敏,王芙蓉.GSM中基于状态机模型的HLR操作实体.电信快报,1999,2
[48] Chuang J C-1. Wireless personal communication: part 1. part 2. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas In Communications, 1993, 11: 6～7
[49] Jain R, Lin Y B, Lo C N, et al. A Caching Strategy to Reduce Network Impacts of PCS. IEEE. J. Select. Areas Commun, 1994, 12(8): 1434～1445
[50] Lin Y B. Determining the User Locations for Personal Communication Services Networks. IEEE Trans. on Vehicular Technology, 1994, 43(3): 466～473
[51] 王坚强,王群.ORACLE数据库管理技术与应用探讨.科技情报开发与经济,2002,4:46～49