康脉Ⅱ号胶囊治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成患者的临床疗效与分子机制研究
|
摘要
目的：通过临床观察和动物实验,探讨下肢深静脉血栓形成的发病机理,进一步证实应用康脉Ⅱ号胶囊防治下肢深静脉血栓形成的临床疗效及作用机理。
方法：采用随机分组法,将61例下肢深静脉血栓形成患者分为治疗组和对照组。治疗组患者口服康脉Ⅱ号胶囊；对照组患者口服脉络舒通颗粒。观察两组患者的治愈率及血液流变学、凝血功能试验的各项指标水平变化。实验研究通过改良建立了大鼠下肢深静脉血栓形成模型。采用康脉Ⅱ号胶囊灌胃治疗,脉络舒通颗粒灌胃作对照,观察各组大鼠血管病理形态改变,采用双抗体夹心ABC-ELISA法检测ET-1、IL-6含量,应用免疫组化方法检测PAF、NF-kB、Racl、Rac2的蛋白表达,应用PCR方法检测NF-kBmRNA、RaclmRNA、Rac2mRNA的水平。
结果：
临床研究：
康脉Ⅱ号胶囊治疗组31例患者治疗后,治愈8例,显效16例,有效5例,无效2例,总有效率为93.54%。脉络舒通颗粒对照组30例患者治疗后,治愈6例,显效9例,有效9例,无效6例,总有效率为80%。
1、两组患者总有效率有显著差异(p<0.05),表明康脉Ⅱ号胶囊治疗组临床疗效优于脉络舒通颗粒对照组。
2、康脉Ⅱ胶囊治疗组血液流变学各项指标的变化均优于脉络舒通颗粒对照组,有显著性差异(P<0.05)。康脉Ⅱ胶囊治疗组凝血功能试验各项指标的变化均优于脉络舒通颗粒对照组,有显著性差异(P<0.05)。
实验研究：
1、本实验通过改良建立了大鼠下肢深静脉血栓形成模型。大鼠造模后6h-72h陆续出现下肢肿胀、皮色暗红,食量和饮水减少等症状。给药后康脉Ⅱ号治疗组症状缓解明显。
2、HE染色光镜下改变
空白对照组：内皮细胞呈梭形,排列整齐,大小均匀,中膜血管平滑肌排列规整,整个血管内膜表面光滑、平整。,造模后,随着时间的推移,观察到血管内皮细胞部分剥脱,血管平滑肌结构紊乱,血管壁及组织间隙大量炎细胞局灶性浸润,管壁进一步变薄,血栓蔓延至管腔的大部分。但用药后,炎细胞浸润明显减少,血栓部分填充于管腔,造模后72h治疗组病理改变较造模后72h对照组明显。
3、造模后ET-1的含量随时间的推移逐渐增多,造模后72h对照组、造模后72h治疗组ET-1的含量与造模后72h空白组相比明显减少,并且治疗组优于对照组；IL-6的含量随时间的推移逐渐增多,造模后72h对照组、造模后72h治疗组IL-6的含量与造模后72h空白组相比继续增加,但治疗组明显低于对照组,有统计学意义(p<0.05)。
4、造模后PAF、NF-kB、Racl、 Rac2蛋白的阳性表达随时间的推移逐渐增多,造模后72h对照组、造模后72h治疗组的阳性表达与造模后72h空白组相比明显减少,并且治疗组较对照组降低明显,有显著性差异(P 5、造模组后NF-kBmRNA、RaclmRNA、Rac2mRNA的水平随时间的推移逐渐上调,造模后72h对照组、造模后72h治疗组的水平与造模后72h空白组相比明显下调,并且治疗组较对照组下调明显,有显著性差异(P<0.05)。
结论：
通过临床观察得出以下结论：
1、康脉Ⅱ号胶囊通过改善患者的凝血功能,降低血浆纤维蛋白原,血浆D-二聚体,从而有效治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成。
2、康脉Ⅱ号胶囊通过改善患者血液流变学的各项指标,降低血液黏稠度,降低血液高凝状态,有效矫正血栓前状态,从而有效防治下肢深静脉血栓形成。
通过动物实验得出以下结论：
1、本实验通过改良建立了大鼠下肢深静脉血栓形成模型。
2、通过测定ET-1、IL-6的含量,验证大鼠深静脉血栓形成模型的成功建立。进一步验证了康脉Ⅱ号胶囊通过降低ET-1、IL-6的含量,有效治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成。
3、NF-kBmRNA、RaclmRNA、Rac2mRNA的水平上调,参与了下肢深静脉血栓形成,可能是下肢深静脉血栓形成的发生原因。
4、Rac1和Rac2或PAF可能通过激活NF-kB通路,使NF-kB激活,导致血栓形成,从而为防治下肢深静脉血栓形成提供了新的思路及途径。
5、康脉Ⅱ号胶囊可通过降低PAF, NF-kB、Racl、Rac2蛋白的表达,从而有效治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成。
Objective: Through the clinical observation and animal experiment, to explore the pathogenesis of Lower limb deep vein thrombus,Further confirmed that Kangmai II Capsule treatment of Lower limb deep vein thrombus of the clinical curative effect and mechanism of action.
Methods:By random grouping,61cases of Lower limb deep vein thrombus patients divided into treatment group and control group.The treatment group patients with oral Kangmai Ⅱ Capsule;The Control group patients with oral Mailuoshutongkeli(MLSTKL).To observe the cure rate of two groups of patients, Hemorrheology and blood coagulation function test level of the indicators change. Experimental study on the success of improvement and establish the rat model of deep venous thrombosis Using Kangmai II Capsule Lavage treatment,MLSTKL lavage to contrast,Observe each group rats vascular pathological morphological changes,Using ABC-double antibody sandwich ELISA method to detect the contents of ET-1, IL-6, Using immunohistochemical method to detect protein expression of PAF, NF-kB, Rac1, Rac2,Application of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect the level of NF-kBmRNA, Rac1mRNA, Rac2mRNA.
Results:
Clinical research:
Kangmai Ⅱ Capsule treatment group31cases of patients after treatment,8cases cured,16cases had marked effect,5cases were effective, ineffective in2cases, the total effective rate was93.54%.MLSTKL control group30cases of patients after treatment,Cure6cases,6cases were markedly effective,6cases effective,6no effect, the total effective rate was80%.
1.The total effective rate in both groups had significant difference (p<0.05),Show Kangmai II Capsule clinical curative effect of treatment group is better than that of MLSTKL control group.
2.Kangmai Ⅱ Capsule treatment group the change of hemorheology indicators are better than the MLSTKL control group, with significant difference (P<0.05).Kangmai Ⅱ Capsule treatment group blood coagulation function test the change of the indicators are better than MLSTKL control group, with significant difference (P<0.05).
Experimental study:
1.Experimental study on improvement and establish the rat model of deep venous thrombosis,Making animal models of rats after6hours-after72hours,Gradually appear lower limb swelling, dark red, though less, less waterand other symptoms.After dosing Kangmai II Capsule treatment group of symptoms is obvious.
2.HE staining under light microscope microscopic changes. Blank control group:Endothelial cells were fusiform, neat, uniform size, arrange neat membrane in vascular smooth muscle, the intimal surface smooth, level off. With the passage of time,Some stripped to observe vascular endothelial cells,Vascular smooth muscle structure disorder,Blood vessel walls and clearance focal infiltration of inflammatory cells, Tube wall thinning, further thrombus spread to most of the lumen.But after medication, inflammatory cells infiltration decreased significantly, the thrombus partly filled in the lumen,Manufacturing72hours after the animal model of pathological changes of the treatment group than the72hours after the animal model of the control group obviously.
3.After making animal models of ET-1content increased gradually over time, he content of ET-1in the72hours after making animal model control group and72hours after making animal model of treatment,Less than72hours after making animal models of blank group,And the treatment group is better than the control group;The content of IL-6with time gradually increased,The content of IL-6in the72hours after making animal model control group and72hours after making animal model of treatment, more than72hours after making animal models of blank group,But the treatment group was significantly lower than the control group, there was statistical significance (p<0.05).
4.After making animal models, PAF, NF-kB, Rac1,Rac2protein positive expression with time gradually increased, Positive expression of the protein in the72hours after making animal model control group and72hours after making animal model of treatment,Less than72hours after making animal models of blank group,But the treatment group was significantly lower than the control group, there was statistical significance (p<0.05).
5.After making animal models,the level of NF-kBmRNA,Rac1mRNA,Rac2mRNA over time, gradually increase, The genetic level in the72hours after making animal model control group and72hours after making animal model of treatment,Less than72hours after making animal models of blank group,But the treatment group was significantly lower than the control group, there was statistical significance (p<0.05).
Conclusion:
Clinical observation:
1.Kangmai Ⅱ Capsule can improve the patient's blood coagulation function,Reduce the plasma fibrinogen, plasma D dimer,Can effective treatment for Lower limb deep vein thrombus.
2.Kangmai Ⅱ Capsule can improve the patient's Hemorrheology indicators,Reduce the blood viscosity, reduce high blood coagulation state, state before effective corrective thrombosis, Can effective treatment for Lower limb deep vein thrombus.
Animal experiments:
1.Experimental study on the success of improvement and establish the rat model of deep venous thrombosis.
2.By measuring the content of ET-1,IL-6,Validation of deep vein thrombosis in rats to establish animal model of success.Further validated Kangmai Ⅱ Capsule Capsule by lowering the content of ET-1,IL-6,Can effective treatment for Lower limb deep vein thrombus.
3.the level of NF-kBmRNA,Rac1mRNA,Rac2mRNA is rised,Participated in the Lower limb deep vein thrombus,May be the occurrence of Lower limb deep vein thrombus.
4.Rac1and Rac2or PAF may through activation of NF-kB,Make the NF-kB activation, resulting in thrombosis,For prevention and treatment of Lower limb deep vein thrombus,provides a new train of thought and way.
5.Kangmai Capsule can by lowering the expression of protein of PAF、NF-kB、 Rac1、Rac2,Can effective treatment for Lower limb deep vein thrombus.
方法：采用随机分组法,将61例下肢深静脉血栓形成患者分为治疗组和对照组。治疗组患者口服康脉Ⅱ号胶囊；对照组患者口服脉络舒通颗粒。观察两组患者的治愈率及血液流变学、凝血功能试验的各项指标水平变化。实验研究通过改良建立了大鼠下肢深静脉血栓形成模型。采用康脉Ⅱ号胶囊灌胃治疗,脉络舒通颗粒灌胃作对照,观察各组大鼠血管病理形态改变,采用双抗体夹心ABC-ELISA法检测ET-1、IL-6含量,应用免疫组化方法检测PAF、NF-kB、Racl、Rac2的蛋白表达,应用PCR方法检测NF-kBmRNA、RaclmRNA、Rac2mRNA的水平。
结果：
临床研究：
康脉Ⅱ号胶囊治疗组31例患者治疗后,治愈8例,显效16例,有效5例,无效2例,总有效率为93.54%。脉络舒通颗粒对照组30例患者治疗后,治愈6例,显效9例,有效9例,无效6例,总有效率为80%。
1、两组患者总有效率有显著差异(p<0.05),表明康脉Ⅱ号胶囊治疗组临床疗效优于脉络舒通颗粒对照组。
2、康脉Ⅱ胶囊治疗组血液流变学各项指标的变化均优于脉络舒通颗粒对照组,有显著性差异(P<0.05)。康脉Ⅱ胶囊治疗组凝血功能试验各项指标的变化均优于脉络舒通颗粒对照组,有显著性差异(P<0.05)。
实验研究：
1、本实验通过改良建立了大鼠下肢深静脉血栓形成模型。大鼠造模后6h-72h陆续出现下肢肿胀、皮色暗红,食量和饮水减少等症状。给药后康脉Ⅱ号治疗组症状缓解明显。
2、HE染色光镜下改变
空白对照组：内皮细胞呈梭形,排列整齐,大小均匀,中膜血管平滑肌排列规整,整个血管内膜表面光滑、平整。,造模后,随着时间的推移,观察到血管内皮细胞部分剥脱,血管平滑肌结构紊乱,血管壁及组织间隙大量炎细胞局灶性浸润,管壁进一步变薄,血栓蔓延至管腔的大部分。但用药后,炎细胞浸润明显减少,血栓部分填充于管腔,造模后72h治疗组病理改变较造模后72h对照组明显。
3、造模后ET-1的含量随时间的推移逐渐增多,造模后72h对照组、造模后72h治疗组ET-1的含量与造模后72h空白组相比明显减少,并且治疗组优于对照组；IL-6的含量随时间的推移逐渐增多,造模后72h对照组、造模后72h治疗组IL-6的含量与造模后72h空白组相比继续增加,但治疗组明显低于对照组,有统计学意义(p<0.05)。
4、造模后PAF、NF-kB、Racl、 Rac2蛋白的阳性表达随时间的推移逐渐增多,造模后72h对照组、造模后72h治疗组的阳性表达与造模后72h空白组相比明显减少,并且治疗组较对照组降低明显,有显著性差异(P
结论：
通过临床观察得出以下结论：
1、康脉Ⅱ号胶囊通过改善患者的凝血功能,降低血浆纤维蛋白原,血浆D-二聚体,从而有效治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成。
2、康脉Ⅱ号胶囊通过改善患者血液流变学的各项指标,降低血液黏稠度,降低血液高凝状态,有效矫正血栓前状态,从而有效防治下肢深静脉血栓形成。
通过动物实验得出以下结论：
1、本实验通过改良建立了大鼠下肢深静脉血栓形成模型。
2、通过测定ET-1、IL-6的含量,验证大鼠深静脉血栓形成模型的成功建立。进一步验证了康脉Ⅱ号胶囊通过降低ET-1、IL-6的含量,有效治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成。
3、NF-kBmRNA、RaclmRNA、Rac2mRNA的水平上调,参与了下肢深静脉血栓形成,可能是下肢深静脉血栓形成的发生原因。
4、Rac1和Rac2或PAF可能通过激活NF-kB通路,使NF-kB激活,导致血栓形成,从而为防治下肢深静脉血栓形成提供了新的思路及途径。
5、康脉Ⅱ号胶囊可通过降低PAF, NF-kB、Racl、Rac2蛋白的表达,从而有效治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成。
Objective: Through the clinical observation and animal experiment, to explore the pathogenesis of Lower limb deep vein thrombus,Further confirmed that Kangmai II Capsule treatment of Lower limb deep vein thrombus of the clinical curative effect and mechanism of action.
Methods:By random grouping,61cases of Lower limb deep vein thrombus patients divided into treatment group and control group.The treatment group patients with oral Kangmai Ⅱ Capsule;The Control group patients with oral Mailuoshutongkeli(MLSTKL).To observe the cure rate of two groups of patients, Hemorrheology and blood coagulation function test level of the indicators change. Experimental study on the success of improvement and establish the rat model of deep venous thrombosis Using Kangmai II Capsule Lavage treatment,MLSTKL lavage to contrast,Observe each group rats vascular pathological morphological changes,Using ABC-double antibody sandwich ELISA method to detect the contents of ET-1, IL-6, Using immunohistochemical method to detect protein expression of PAF, NF-kB, Rac1, Rac2,Application of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect the level of NF-kBmRNA, Rac1mRNA, Rac2mRNA.
Results:
Clinical research:
Kangmai Ⅱ Capsule treatment group31cases of patients after treatment,8cases cured,16cases had marked effect,5cases were effective, ineffective in2cases, the total effective rate was93.54%.MLSTKL control group30cases of patients after treatment,Cure6cases,6cases were markedly effective,6cases effective,6no effect, the total effective rate was80%.
1.The total effective rate in both groups had significant difference (p<0.05),Show Kangmai II Capsule clinical curative effect of treatment group is better than that of MLSTKL control group.
2.Kangmai Ⅱ Capsule treatment group the change of hemorheology indicators are better than the MLSTKL control group, with significant difference (P<0.05).Kangmai Ⅱ Capsule treatment group blood coagulation function test the change of the indicators are better than MLSTKL control group, with significant difference (P<0.05).
Experimental study:
1.Experimental study on improvement and establish the rat model of deep venous thrombosis,Making animal models of rats after6hours-after72hours,Gradually appear lower limb swelling, dark red, though less, less waterand other symptoms.After dosing Kangmai II Capsule treatment group of symptoms is obvious.
2.HE staining under light microscope microscopic changes. Blank control group:Endothelial cells were fusiform, neat, uniform size, arrange neat membrane in vascular smooth muscle, the intimal surface smooth, level off. With the passage of time,Some stripped to observe vascular endothelial cells,Vascular smooth muscle structure disorder,Blood vessel walls and clearance focal infiltration of inflammatory cells, Tube wall thinning, further thrombus spread to most of the lumen.But after medication, inflammatory cells infiltration decreased significantly, the thrombus partly filled in the lumen,Manufacturing72hours after the animal model of pathological changes of the treatment group than the72hours after the animal model of the control group obviously.
3.After making animal models of ET-1content increased gradually over time, he content of ET-1in the72hours after making animal model control group and72hours after making animal model of treatment,Less than72hours after making animal models of blank group,And the treatment group is better than the control group;The content of IL-6with time gradually increased,The content of IL-6in the72hours after making animal model control group and72hours after making animal model of treatment, more than72hours after making animal models of blank group,But the treatment group was significantly lower than the control group, there was statistical significance (p<0.05).
4.After making animal models, PAF, NF-kB, Rac1,Rac2protein positive expression with time gradually increased, Positive expression of the protein in the72hours after making animal model control group and72hours after making animal model of treatment,Less than72hours after making animal models of blank group,But the treatment group was significantly lower than the control group, there was statistical significance (p<0.05).
5.After making animal models,the level of NF-kBmRNA,Rac1mRNA,Rac2mRNA over time, gradually increase, The genetic level in the72hours after making animal model control group and72hours after making animal model of treatment,Less than72hours after making animal models of blank group,But the treatment group was significantly lower than the control group, there was statistical significance (p<0.05).
Conclusion:
Clinical observation:
1.Kangmai Ⅱ Capsule can improve the patient's blood coagulation function,Reduce the plasma fibrinogen, plasma D dimer,Can effective treatment for Lower limb deep vein thrombus.
2.Kangmai Ⅱ Capsule can improve the patient's Hemorrheology indicators,Reduce the blood viscosity, reduce high blood coagulation state, state before effective corrective thrombosis, Can effective treatment for Lower limb deep vein thrombus.
Animal experiments:
1.Experimental study on the success of improvement and establish the rat model of deep venous thrombosis.
2.By measuring the content of ET-1,IL-6,Validation of deep vein thrombosis in rats to establish animal model of success.Further validated Kangmai Ⅱ Capsule Capsule by lowering the content of ET-1,IL-6,Can effective treatment for Lower limb deep vein thrombus.
3.the level of NF-kBmRNA,Rac1mRNA,Rac2mRNA is rised,Participated in the Lower limb deep vein thrombus,May be the occurrence of Lower limb deep vein thrombus.
4.Rac1and Rac2or PAF may through activation of NF-kB,Make the NF-kB activation, resulting in thrombosis,For prevention and treatment of Lower limb deep vein thrombus,provides a new train of thought and way.
5.Kangmai Capsule can by lowering the expression of protein of PAF、NF-kB、 Rac1、Rac2,Can effective treatment for Lower limb deep vein thrombus.
引文
[1]颜新,千英信,卫洪昌,等.下肢深静脉血栓形成的中医药治疗进展[J].上海中医药杂志,2003,37(3)：57-61
[2]杨博华,陈蕾,贺晓芳.理气活血清热利湿法治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成[J].中国中西医结合外科杂志,2003,9(2)：99-100
[3]朱振国,陈平.清热活血通脉汤治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成60例[J].山东中医杂志,2002,21(4)：220-221
[4]侯玉芬,刘明,周黎丽.实用周围血管疾病学[M].北京：金城出版社,2005：312
[5]李萍.奚九一教授治疗血栓性深静脉炎的经验介绍[J].贵阳中医学院学报,1999,21(1)：14-16
[6]曾小粤,罗陆一,杨焕斌,等.补肾祛瘀汤治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成30例临床报告[J].中国中西医结合外科杂志,2002,8(1)：27
[7]王海珍.陈淑长治疗股肿经验[J].山东中医杂志,2008,27(2)：130-132
[8]李令根,赵钢.中西医结合治疗周围血管病临床指南[M].北京：人民军医出版社,2004：174
[9]张玥,程志新.侯玉芬教授辨证治疗股肿病经验[J].中医学报,2014,29(189)：27-208
[10]焦纯杰,周晓丽.清热利湿消肿法治疗急性下肢深静脉血栓形成临床观察[J].中医学报,2011,26(11)：1360-1361
[11]李长保,马立川.股肿消协定方治疗血瘀湿重型下肢深静脉血栓形成60例[J].河北中医,2009,31(11)：1629-1630
[12]齐洪珍,张学颖.股肿辨治心得[J].山东中医杂志,2007,26(6)：424-425
[13]徐杰男,阙华发.活血化瘀法在外科应用举隅[J].辽宁中医杂志,2010,37(5)：930--931
[14]陈柏楠,侯玉芬.下肢深静脉血栓形成的中医辨证论治[J].中国中西医结合外科杂志,2006,12(5)：437-438
[15]王慧真.中医药治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成临床观察[J].中医学报,2010,25(5)：979-980
[16]刘光旺,陈茂义,周临东,等.化瘀消肿汤预防髋膝关节置换术后下肢深静脉血栓形成[J].国医论坛,2004,4(19)：22-26
[17]张绍学,刘福霞.通脉化瘀汤治疗50例深静脉血栓形成前后血液流变学的比较[J].中医药研究,1996,(6)：37
[18]滕居赞,朱江龙,陈跃平,等.髋关节置换术后中药预防深静脉血栓形成的临床观察[J].中国中医骨伤科杂志,2007,15(9)：57-55
[19]奚九一.清营解瘀汤治疗急性血栓性深静脉炎[J].中医杂志,1982,(3)：34-35
[20]石正敏.四妙勇安汤加味治疗下肢深静脉炎32例[J].陕西中医,1998,18(2)：74
[21]李允敬,张淑云.脉痹汤治疗深静脉血栓形成49例[J].中国中医药科技,1997,4(4)：251-252
[22]杨修身,杨河苏.三妙汤加味治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成综合征55例[J].中国中西医结合外科杂志,1997,3(1)：45
[23]朱振国,陈平.清热活血通脉汤治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成60例[J].山东中医杂志,2002,4(4)：220-252
[24]张练,杜丽萍.中西医结合治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成231例[J].山东中医杂志,2003,7：358-359
[25]吕培文,孙宇健.益肾温脉胶囊治疗下肢深静脉血栓综合征脾肾阳虚型临床研究[J].北京中医,1999,6：25-26
[26]瞿梅增,李世英.补阳还五汤加味配合复方丹参注射液治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成62例[J].河北中医,2002,24(1)：35
[27]张玥,程志新.侯玉芬教授辨证治疗股肿病经验[J].中医学报,2014,29：27
[28]谢文松.中药内服外用治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成90例[J].实用中医内科杂志,2007,21(3)：95-96
[29]李红艳,李霏,曹艳秋,等.消疽散外敷治疗股肿126例[J].河南中医,2011,31(7)： 765-766
[30]武来兴,冯运章.中西医结合下肢深静脉血栓形成80例疗效观察[J].实用中西医结合杂志,1997,10(9)：829
[31]奚九一.清营解瘀汤治疗急性血栓性深静脉炎[J].中医杂志,1982, (3)：34-35
[32]戴丽萍,刘岩.水调散治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成142例[J].辽宁中医杂志,1998,25(8)：363-364
[33]侯玉芬,周涛.冰硝散外敷对急性下肢深静脉血栓形成的作用[J].中国中西医结合外科杂志,1998,4(1)：9
[34]李虎臣,赵素云.蝮蛇抗栓酶配中药治疗血栓性静脉炎70例[J].中国中西医结合杂志,1996,16(4)：240
[35]刘政,侯玉芬.消栓通脉合剂对深静脉血栓形成纤溶功能的影响[J].中国中西医结合外科杂志,2000,6(1)：31-33
[36]陈志强,荣晓琦.经方新用1则[J].国医论坛,1996,11(6)：16
[37]牛晓,吕陪文.葛根素注射液治疗下肢深静脉血栓后综合征临床疗效[J].中国新药杂志,1999,8(11)：759-760
[38]李文若,王海彬.川芎嗪、血液循环泵预防全髋置换术后深静脉血栓形成50例[J].新中医,2006,38(4)：73
[39]毕书祝,朱红岩.下肢深静脉血栓形成的中西医结合治疗[J].临床和实验医学杂志,2007,6(2)：121
[40]李玉辛,王凤莲.活血化瘀法治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成134例临床及实验观察[J].宁夏医学杂志,1997,19(1)：13-14
[41]张学颖,汤坤标.八味通脉汤为主治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成后综合征38例[J].江苏中医,1997,18(2)：19
[42]张学颖,汤坤标.十妙消栓汤与脉络宁治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成36例[J].黑龙江中医药,1996,4：6-7
[43]邓少林,权毅,潘显明,等.血栓通预防下肢骨折合并下肢深静脉血栓形成的疗效观察[J].西南军医,2006,8(6)：19-20
[44]杜丽苹,段旭红.中西医结合治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成[J].中国中西医结合外科杂志,2000,6(1)：16-17
[45]阮洪江,张世华.活血复元汤配合低分子肝素钠预防人工髋关节置换术后下肢深静脉血栓形成[J].中国骨伤,2005,18(12)：719-721
[46]周涛,刘明,陈柏楠,等.中西医结合治疗急性下肢深静脉血栓形成的临床研究[J].中国中西医结合外科杂志,2002,8(4)：250-252
[47]李晨.针灸治疗下肢血栓性深静脉炎[J].中国针灸,1996,16(10)：31
[48]郭建升.丹红穴位注射预防ICU患者DVT的效果观察[J].河北医药,2012,34(16)：2536
[49]吴臣义,赵林,刘世伟.灸药结合法治疗缺血性脑卒中后下肢深静脉血栓形成131例[J].福建中医药,2002,33(2)：6-7
[50]李威,祁晓华.针药结合预防人工膝关节置换术后下肢深静脉血栓形成30例[J].
吉林中医药,2009,29(11)：972-973[51]张柏根.下肢深静脉血栓形成治疗的几个问题[J].中华普通外科杂志,2006,21(2)： 81
[52]Heit JA,Silverstein MD,Mohr DN,et al.The epidemiology of venous thromboembolism in the community [J].Thromb Haemost,2001,86(l):452-463
[53]Heit JA,Rooke TW,Silverstein MD,et al.Trends in the incidence of venous stasis syndrome and venous ulcer: a 25-year popu-lation-based study [J] J Vasc Surg,2001,33(5):1022-1027
[54]WHITE RH.The epidemiology of venous thromboembolism [J].Circulation,2003, 107(23):14-18
[55]]Deitelzweig SB,Johnson BH,Lin J,et al. Prevalence of clinical venous throniboembolism in the USA: current trends and future projections [J]. Am. J.Hematol,2011, 86(2):217-220
[56]蒋米尔,张培华.临床血管外科学[M].北京：科学出版社,2011：630-632
[57]范凯,马木提江·阿巴拜克热.24例深静脉血栓患者病因及治疗分析[J].中国现代医学杂志,2011,21(17)：2056-2058
[58]Salzman EW,Hirsh J.The epidemiology,pathogenesis,and natural history of venous thrombosis.In:Colman RW,Hirsh J,Marder VJ,Salzman EW,eds.Hemostasis and thrombo sis:basic principles and clinical practice.Philadelphia:JB Lippincott,1993:127
[59]Nachman RL,Silverstein R.Hypercoabulable states.Ann Intern Med,1993,119(8):819
[60]Thamas D. Venous thrombogenesis.Br Med Bull,1994,50(4):803
[61]尚德俊,王嘉桔,张柏根.中西医结合周围血管疾病学[M].北京：人民卫生出版社,2004：501
[62]蒋米尔,张培华.临床血管外科学[M].北京：科学出版社,2011：629
[63]郭志英,梁开愈,窦蕊.彩超在关节置换术后下肢静脉血栓形成中的应用价值[J].中国美容医学,2012,21(10)：177-178
[64]关振鹏,吕厚山.外科相关静脉血栓的防治[J].中国临床医生,2009,37(9)：645-648
[65]孙幸,顾健,倪军,等.140例下肢深静脉血栓形成临床多因素分析[J].血栓与止 血学,2013,19(3)：107-109
[66]张榜,崔炎,周斯.514例下肢深静脉血栓形成的发病因素分析[J].中国中西医结合外科杂志,2013,19(3)：260-262
[67]Geerts WH, Prevention of venous thromboembolism in high-risk patients [J]. Hematology,2006,14:462-466
[68]Heit JA, O.Fallon WM,Petterson TM, et al. Relative impact of risk factors for d eep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism:a population-based study. Arch Intern Med,2002,162:1245-1248
[69]王艳明,康脉Ⅱ号胶囊治疗迁延期下肢深静脉血栓形成的实验研究[D]黑龙江,黑龙江中医药大学博士学位论文,2009,5：1
[70]赵钢,郭瑞亚,贾振.巴曲酶治疗血栓前状态30例[J].中国中西医结合外科杂志,2014,20(1)：86-87
[71]张英杰,王会君,侯荣伟,等.凝血四项的临床应用[J].检验医学与临床,2013,10(4)：450-452
[72]British Thoracic Society Standards of Care Committee Pulmonary Embolism Guid eline Development Group. British Thoracic Society guidelines for the management of suspected acute pulmonary embolism. Thorax,2003,58:470-483
[73]Aschwanden M,Labs KH,Jeanneret C,et al.The value of rapid D-diner testing com bined with strunctured clinical evaluation for the diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis.J Vasc Surg,1999,30:929-935
[74].吴江,王伏生.急性下肢深静脉血栓形成P-选择素与D-二聚体的变化及意义[J].国际外科学杂志,2008,35(7)：460-462
[75]Aitkon ADF,Godden DJ.Real-time ultrasound diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis.a comparison with venography.Circulation,1993,88:1730-1735
[76]佘晓佳,龚敏,宋淑芬,等.医用压力袜辅助治疗中央型下肢深静脉血栓的效果研究[J].中国社区医师·医学专业,2012,14(23)：153-154
[77]Whitlon DS,Sadowski JA,Suttie JW.Mechanisma of coumarin action: significance of vitamin K epoxide reductase inhibition.Biochemistry,1978,17:1371-1377
[78]Eikelboom JW,Hirsch JH,Weitz JI,et al.Aspirin and its role in thrombosis and the risk of myocardial infarction,stroke,pr cardiovascular death in patients at high risk f or cardiovascular events.Circulation,2002,1650-1655
[79]Cairns JA,Gent M,Singer J,et al.Aspirin,sulfinpyrazone,or both in unstable angina, N Engl J Med,1985,313:1369-1375
[80]Fitzgerald G.Dipyridamole.N engl J Med,1987,318:1714-1719
[81]Weber AA.Reimann s,schror K.Specific inhibition of ADPinduced platelet aggregat ion bu clopidogrel in vitro.Br J Pharmacol,1999,12:415-420
[82]李令根,赵钢,杨博华,等.下肢深静脉血栓形成临床分型讨论[J].中华医学研究杂志,2001,1(1)：47
[83]尚德俊,侯玉芬,陈柏楠.周围静脉疾病学[M].北京：人民军医出版社,2001：25-26
[84]吴在德,吴肇汉.外科学[M].北京：人民卫生出版社,2011：617
[85]侯家玉.中药药理学[M].北京：中国中医药出版社,2002：153-220
[86]毛江洪.临床血液流变学的研究现状.中国优生与遗传杂志.2013,21(5)：148-151
[87]丛玉隆,殷宗健,张立文.贫血、血栓及遗传学检验技术与临床[M].天津：天津科学技术出版社,2002：189
[88]Schmittgen T D,Livak K J.Analyzing real-time PCR data by the comparative C(T) method[J].Nat Protoc,2008,3(6):1101
[89]Tseng C P,Cheng A J,Chang J T,et al. Quantitative analysis of multidrug-resistance mdrl gene expression in head and neck cancer by real-time RT-PCR[J].Jpn J Cancer Res,2002,93(11):1230
[90]张智辉,林少芒,姚燕丹等.大鼠后肢深静脉血栓模型的制备与研究[J].现代临床医学生物工程学杂志,2006,12(2)：146-148
[91]高峰,胡建国,关薇薇.SD大鼠深静脉血栓模型的建立及其静脉壁形态学研究[J].江西医学院学报,2008,48(2)：21-25
[92]张春强,黄河,赵学凌,等.两种创伤性深静脉血栓大鼠模型中炎症相关基因的表达研究[J].生物医学工程研究,2007,1(26)：66-70
[93]Blann AD, Lip GYH. Virchow's Triad Revisited: The Importance of Soluble Coagulation F-actors, the Endothelium, and Platelets[J].Thromb Res,2001,101:321-327
[94]Kamat h S, Blann AD, Lip GY. Platelet activation:assessment and quantification[J].Eur Heart J,2001,22(17):1561-1571
[95]Papalambros E, Sigala F, Travlou A, et al. P-selectin and anti-bodies against hepar in platelet factor in patients with venous or arterial diseases after a 7-day heparin treatment[J]. J Am Coll Surg,2004,199(1):69-77
[96]Dole VS, Berqmeier W, Mitcheil HA, et al.Activated platelets induce Weibel Palade body secretion and leukocyte rolling in vivo:role of P-selectin[J].Blood,2005,106(7): 2334-2339
[97]Blankenberg S, Barbaux S, Tiret L.Adhesion molecules and atherosclerosis. At herosclerosis,2003,170 (2):191-203
[98]楼希文,孙绍刚,王琛.转录因子NF-kB的核内活性调控[J].细胞生物学杂志,2009,31(16)：741-748
[99]刘景诗,徐军美,刘永平.NF-kB在加贝酯对大鼠肝缺血再灌注损伤过程中的活化及意义[J].中国现代医学杂志,2010,20(6)：821-823
[100]Beinke S and Ley SC. Functions of NFkappaB 1 and NFkappaB2 in immune c ell biology. Biochem J.2004,382:393-409
[101]杜春玲,徐永健,刘先胜,等.NF-kB参与哮喘血清被动致敏的人气道平滑肌细胞中PKCα诱导的Cyclin Dl上调及细胞增殖[J].华中科技大学学报(医学版),2008,37(6)：703-707
[102]Tiran A, Gruber HJ, Graier wf, et al。 Aspirin inhibits chlamydia pheumoniae-ind uced nuclear factor-[kappa]B activation, cytokine expression, and bacterial developmen t in human endothelial cells。 ArteriosclerThromb Vasc Biol,2002,22:1075-1080 [103]ChaseAJ, BondM, CroodMF, etal.Regulation of adhesion moleeule exPression i n Humanendothelial and smooth muscle cells by omega-3 fatty acids and conjugated linoleic aeids:involvementofthetranseriPtionfaetorNF — kaPPaB [J].ProstaglandLeukEssent FatAeid,2008,78(1):33 — 43
[104]Cominacini L, Garbin V, Pasini A F, et al. The expression of adhesion molecul es on endothelial cells in inhibited by troglitazone through its antioxidant activity[J].C ell Adhes Commun,1999,7(3):223-231
[105]Han SU J,Hyun MK, Jung HC,et al. Molecular mechanisms for lipopolysacchari de-induced biphasic activation of nuclear factor-icB(NF-kB) [J].JBiol Chem,2002,277(4 7):44715-44721
[106]Mariappan N, Elks C M, Sriramula S, et al. NF-kB-induced oxidative stress con tributes tomitochondrial and cardiac dysfunction in type II diabetes[J].Cardiovascular r esearch,2010,85(3):473-483
[107]Li N, KARIN M. Is NF-kB the sensor of oxidative stress?[J].The FASEB journ al,1999,13(10):1137-1143
[108]王玉玖,张刚,王岩,等.穿心莲内醋在减缓深静脉血栓形成中作用机制的研究[J].中国体外循环杂忐,2011,2(9)：115-117
[109]Li Xing-guo, Zheng Hong-yu, Li Wen, et al. Expression of nuclear factor kappa Bl and tissue factor in femoral venous endothelial tissue of the rat deep vein thromb osis model[j].Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research,2012,7(16):1245-1249
[110]Vega FM,Ridley AJ.Rho GTPases in cancer cell biology[J].FEBS Lett,2008,582(14):2093-2101
[111]Heasman SJ, Ridley AJ. Mammalian Rho GTPases: new insights into their functions from in vivo studies[J].Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol.2008,9(9):690-701
[112]Garcia-Mata R, Boulter E, Burridge K. The 'invisible hand':regulation of RHO GTPases by RHOGDIs [J]. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol.2011,12(8):493-504
[113]BoscoEE, MulloyJC, Zheng Y. Racl GTPase:a"Rac"of all trades [J]. Cell Mol Life Sci,2009,66(3):370-374
[114]Vega FM, Ridley AJ. Rho GTPases in cancer cell biology[J]. FEBS Lett,2008, 582(14):2093-2101
[115]Yang FC,Atkinson SJ, Gu Y, et al. Rac and Cdc42 GTPases control hematopoietic stem cell shape, adhesion, migration, and mobilization [J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA.2001,98(10):5614-5618
[116]Mariappan N, Elks C M, Sriramula S,et al.NF-kB-induced oxidative stress contributes to mitochondrial and cardiac dysfunction in type II diabetes [J]. Cardiovascular research, 2010,85(3):473-483
[117]Aslan JE, McCarty OJT.Rho GTPases in platelet function[J].J Thromb Haemost,2013, 11 (10):35-46
[118]McCarty OJ, Larson MK, Auger JM, et al. Racl is essential for platelet lamellipodia formation and aggregate stability under flow [J] J Biol Chem.2005,280(47):39474-39484
[119]Furie B, Furie BC. Role of platelet P-selectin and microparticle PSGL-1 in thrombus formation[J].Trends Mol Med.2004,10(4):171-178
[2]杨博华,陈蕾,贺晓芳.理气活血清热利湿法治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成[J].中国中西医结合外科杂志,2003,9(2)：99-100
[3]朱振国,陈平.清热活血通脉汤治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成60例[J].山东中医杂志,2002,21(4)：220-221
[4]侯玉芬,刘明,周黎丽.实用周围血管疾病学[M].北京：金城出版社,2005：312
[5]李萍.奚九一教授治疗血栓性深静脉炎的经验介绍[J].贵阳中医学院学报,1999,21(1)：14-16
[6]曾小粤,罗陆一,杨焕斌,等.补肾祛瘀汤治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成30例临床报告[J].中国中西医结合外科杂志,2002,8(1)：27
[7]王海珍.陈淑长治疗股肿经验[J].山东中医杂志,2008,27(2)：130-132
[8]李令根,赵钢.中西医结合治疗周围血管病临床指南[M].北京：人民军医出版社,2004：174
[9]张玥,程志新.侯玉芬教授辨证治疗股肿病经验[J].中医学报,2014,29(189)：27-208
[10]焦纯杰,周晓丽.清热利湿消肿法治疗急性下肢深静脉血栓形成临床观察[J].中医学报,2011,26(11)：1360-1361
[11]李长保,马立川.股肿消协定方治疗血瘀湿重型下肢深静脉血栓形成60例[J].河北中医,2009,31(11)：1629-1630
[12]齐洪珍,张学颖.股肿辨治心得[J].山东中医杂志,2007,26(6)：424-425
[13]徐杰男,阙华发.活血化瘀法在外科应用举隅[J].辽宁中医杂志,2010,37(5)：930--931
[14]陈柏楠,侯玉芬.下肢深静脉血栓形成的中医辨证论治[J].中国中西医结合外科杂志,2006,12(5)：437-438
[15]王慧真.中医药治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成临床观察[J].中医学报,2010,25(5)：979-980
[16]刘光旺,陈茂义,周临东,等.化瘀消肿汤预防髋膝关节置换术后下肢深静脉血栓形成[J].国医论坛,2004,4(19)：22-26
[17]张绍学,刘福霞.通脉化瘀汤治疗50例深静脉血栓形成前后血液流变学的比较[J].中医药研究,1996,(6)：37
[18]滕居赞,朱江龙,陈跃平,等.髋关节置换术后中药预防深静脉血栓形成的临床观察[J].中国中医骨伤科杂志,2007,15(9)：57-55
[19]奚九一.清营解瘀汤治疗急性血栓性深静脉炎[J].中医杂志,1982,(3)：34-35
[20]石正敏.四妙勇安汤加味治疗下肢深静脉炎32例[J].陕西中医,1998,18(2)：74
[21]李允敬,张淑云.脉痹汤治疗深静脉血栓形成49例[J].中国中医药科技,1997,4(4)：251-252
[22]杨修身,杨河苏.三妙汤加味治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成综合征55例[J].中国中西医结合外科杂志,1997,3(1)：45
[23]朱振国,陈平.清热活血通脉汤治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成60例[J].山东中医杂志,2002,4(4)：220-252
[24]张练,杜丽萍.中西医结合治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成231例[J].山东中医杂志,2003,7：358-359
[25]吕培文,孙宇健.益肾温脉胶囊治疗下肢深静脉血栓综合征脾肾阳虚型临床研究[J].北京中医,1999,6：25-26
[26]瞿梅增,李世英.补阳还五汤加味配合复方丹参注射液治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成62例[J].河北中医,2002,24(1)：35
[27]张玥,程志新.侯玉芬教授辨证治疗股肿病经验[J].中医学报,2014,29：27
[28]谢文松.中药内服外用治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成90例[J].实用中医内科杂志,2007,21(3)：95-96
[29]李红艳,李霏,曹艳秋,等.消疽散外敷治疗股肿126例[J].河南中医,2011,31(7)： 765-766
[30]武来兴,冯运章.中西医结合下肢深静脉血栓形成80例疗效观察[J].实用中西医结合杂志,1997,10(9)：829
[31]奚九一.清营解瘀汤治疗急性血栓性深静脉炎[J].中医杂志,1982, (3)：34-35
[32]戴丽萍,刘岩.水调散治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成142例[J].辽宁中医杂志,1998,25(8)：363-364
[33]侯玉芬,周涛.冰硝散外敷对急性下肢深静脉血栓形成的作用[J].中国中西医结合外科杂志,1998,4(1)：9
[34]李虎臣,赵素云.蝮蛇抗栓酶配中药治疗血栓性静脉炎70例[J].中国中西医结合杂志,1996,16(4)：240
[35]刘政,侯玉芬.消栓通脉合剂对深静脉血栓形成纤溶功能的影响[J].中国中西医结合外科杂志,2000,6(1)：31-33
[36]陈志强,荣晓琦.经方新用1则[J].国医论坛,1996,11(6)：16
[37]牛晓,吕陪文.葛根素注射液治疗下肢深静脉血栓后综合征临床疗效[J].中国新药杂志,1999,8(11)：759-760
[38]李文若,王海彬.川芎嗪、血液循环泵预防全髋置换术后深静脉血栓形成50例[J].新中医,2006,38(4)：73
[39]毕书祝,朱红岩.下肢深静脉血栓形成的中西医结合治疗[J].临床和实验医学杂志,2007,6(2)：121
[40]李玉辛,王凤莲.活血化瘀法治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成134例临床及实验观察[J].宁夏医学杂志,1997,19(1)：13-14
[41]张学颖,汤坤标.八味通脉汤为主治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成后综合征38例[J].江苏中医,1997,18(2)：19
[42]张学颖,汤坤标.十妙消栓汤与脉络宁治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成36例[J].黑龙江中医药,1996,4：6-7
[43]邓少林,权毅,潘显明,等.血栓通预防下肢骨折合并下肢深静脉血栓形成的疗效观察[J].西南军医,2006,8(6)：19-20
[44]杜丽苹,段旭红.中西医结合治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成[J].中国中西医结合外科杂志,2000,6(1)：16-17
[45]阮洪江,张世华.活血复元汤配合低分子肝素钠预防人工髋关节置换术后下肢深静脉血栓形成[J].中国骨伤,2005,18(12)：719-721
[46]周涛,刘明,陈柏楠,等.中西医结合治疗急性下肢深静脉血栓形成的临床研究[J].中国中西医结合外科杂志,2002,8(4)：250-252
[47]李晨.针灸治疗下肢血栓性深静脉炎[J].中国针灸,1996,16(10)：31
[48]郭建升.丹红穴位注射预防ICU患者DVT的效果观察[J].河北医药,2012,34(16)：2536
[49]吴臣义,赵林,刘世伟.灸药结合法治疗缺血性脑卒中后下肢深静脉血栓形成131例[J].福建中医药,2002,33(2)：6-7
[50]李威,祁晓华.针药结合预防人工膝关节置换术后下肢深静脉血栓形成30例[J].
吉林中医药,2009,29(11)：972-973[51]张柏根.下肢深静脉血栓形成治疗的几个问题[J].中华普通外科杂志,2006,21(2)： 81
[52]Heit JA,Silverstein MD,Mohr DN,et al.The epidemiology of venous thromboembolism in the community [J].Thromb Haemost,2001,86(l):452-463
[53]Heit JA,Rooke TW,Silverstein MD,et al.Trends in the incidence of venous stasis syndrome and venous ulcer: a 25-year popu-lation-based study [J] J Vasc Surg,2001,33(5):1022-1027
[54]WHITE RH.The epidemiology of venous thromboembolism [J].Circulation,2003, 107(23):14-18
[55]]Deitelzweig SB,Johnson BH,Lin J,et al. Prevalence of clinical venous throniboembolism in the USA: current trends and future projections [J]. Am. J.Hematol,2011, 86(2):217-220
[56]蒋米尔,张培华.临床血管外科学[M].北京：科学出版社,2011：630-632
[57]范凯,马木提江·阿巴拜克热.24例深静脉血栓患者病因及治疗分析[J].中国现代医学杂志,2011,21(17)：2056-2058
[58]Salzman EW,Hirsh J.The epidemiology,pathogenesis,and natural history of venous thrombosis.In:Colman RW,Hirsh J,Marder VJ,Salzman EW,eds.Hemostasis and thrombo sis:basic principles and clinical practice.Philadelphia:JB Lippincott,1993:127
[59]Nachman RL,Silverstein R.Hypercoabulable states.Ann Intern Med,1993,119(8):819
[60]Thamas D. Venous thrombogenesis.Br Med Bull,1994,50(4):803
[61]尚德俊,王嘉桔,张柏根.中西医结合周围血管疾病学[M].北京：人民卫生出版社,2004：501
[62]蒋米尔,张培华.临床血管外科学[M].北京：科学出版社,2011：629
[63]郭志英,梁开愈,窦蕊.彩超在关节置换术后下肢静脉血栓形成中的应用价值[J].中国美容医学,2012,21(10)：177-178
[64]关振鹏,吕厚山.外科相关静脉血栓的防治[J].中国临床医生,2009,37(9)：645-648
[65]孙幸,顾健,倪军,等.140例下肢深静脉血栓形成临床多因素分析[J].血栓与止 血学,2013,19(3)：107-109
[66]张榜,崔炎,周斯.514例下肢深静脉血栓形成的发病因素分析[J].中国中西医结合外科杂志,2013,19(3)：260-262
[67]Geerts WH, Prevention of venous thromboembolism in high-risk patients [J]. Hematology,2006,14:462-466
[68]Heit JA, O.Fallon WM,Petterson TM, et al. Relative impact of risk factors for d eep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism:a population-based study. Arch Intern Med,2002,162:1245-1248
[69]王艳明,康脉Ⅱ号胶囊治疗迁延期下肢深静脉血栓形成的实验研究[D]黑龙江,黑龙江中医药大学博士学位论文,2009,5：1
[70]赵钢,郭瑞亚,贾振.巴曲酶治疗血栓前状态30例[J].中国中西医结合外科杂志,2014,20(1)：86-87
[71]张英杰,王会君,侯荣伟,等.凝血四项的临床应用[J].检验医学与临床,2013,10(4)：450-452
[72]British Thoracic Society Standards of Care Committee Pulmonary Embolism Guid eline Development Group. British Thoracic Society guidelines for the management of suspected acute pulmonary embolism. Thorax,2003,58:470-483
[73]Aschwanden M,Labs KH,Jeanneret C,et al.The value of rapid D-diner testing com bined with strunctured clinical evaluation for the diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis.J Vasc Surg,1999,30:929-935
[74].吴江,王伏生.急性下肢深静脉血栓形成P-选择素与D-二聚体的变化及意义[J].国际外科学杂志,2008,35(7)：460-462
[75]Aitkon ADF,Godden DJ.Real-time ultrasound diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis.a comparison with venography.Circulation,1993,88:1730-1735
[76]佘晓佳,龚敏,宋淑芬,等.医用压力袜辅助治疗中央型下肢深静脉血栓的效果研究[J].中国社区医师·医学专业,2012,14(23)：153-154
[77]Whitlon DS,Sadowski JA,Suttie JW.Mechanisma of coumarin action: significance of vitamin K epoxide reductase inhibition.Biochemistry,1978,17:1371-1377
[78]Eikelboom JW,Hirsch JH,Weitz JI,et al.Aspirin and its role in thrombosis and the risk of myocardial infarction,stroke,pr cardiovascular death in patients at high risk f or cardiovascular events.Circulation,2002,1650-1655
[79]Cairns JA,Gent M,Singer J,et al.Aspirin,sulfinpyrazone,or both in unstable angina, N Engl J Med,1985,313:1369-1375
[80]Fitzgerald G.Dipyridamole.N engl J Med,1987,318:1714-1719
[81]Weber AA.Reimann s,schror K.Specific inhibition of ADPinduced platelet aggregat ion bu clopidogrel in vitro.Br J Pharmacol,1999,12:415-420
[82]李令根,赵钢,杨博华,等.下肢深静脉血栓形成临床分型讨论[J].中华医学研究杂志,2001,1(1)：47
[83]尚德俊,侯玉芬,陈柏楠.周围静脉疾病学[M].北京：人民军医出版社,2001：25-26
[84]吴在德,吴肇汉.外科学[M].北京：人民卫生出版社,2011：617
[85]侯家玉.中药药理学[M].北京：中国中医药出版社,2002：153-220
[86]毛江洪.临床血液流变学的研究现状.中国优生与遗传杂志.2013,21(5)：148-151
[87]丛玉隆,殷宗健,张立文.贫血、血栓及遗传学检验技术与临床[M].天津：天津科学技术出版社,2002：189
[88]Schmittgen T D,Livak K J.Analyzing real-time PCR data by the comparative C(T) method[J].Nat Protoc,2008,3(6):1101
[89]Tseng C P,Cheng A J,Chang J T,et al. Quantitative analysis of multidrug-resistance mdrl gene expression in head and neck cancer by real-time RT-PCR[J].Jpn J Cancer Res,2002,93(11):1230
[90]张智辉,林少芒,姚燕丹等.大鼠后肢深静脉血栓模型的制备与研究[J].现代临床医学生物工程学杂志,2006,12(2)：146-148
[91]高峰,胡建国,关薇薇.SD大鼠深静脉血栓模型的建立及其静脉壁形态学研究[J].江西医学院学报,2008,48(2)：21-25
[92]张春强,黄河,赵学凌,等.两种创伤性深静脉血栓大鼠模型中炎症相关基因的表达研究[J].生物医学工程研究,2007,1(26)：66-70
[93]Blann AD, Lip GYH. Virchow's Triad Revisited: The Importance of Soluble Coagulation F-actors, the Endothelium, and Platelets[J].Thromb Res,2001,101:321-327
[94]Kamat h S, Blann AD, Lip GY. Platelet activation:assessment and quantification[J].Eur Heart J,2001,22(17):1561-1571
[95]Papalambros E, Sigala F, Travlou A, et al. P-selectin and anti-bodies against hepar in platelet factor in patients with venous or arterial diseases after a 7-day heparin treatment[J]. J Am Coll Surg,2004,199(1):69-77
[96]Dole VS, Berqmeier W, Mitcheil HA, et al.Activated platelets induce Weibel Palade body secretion and leukocyte rolling in vivo:role of P-selectin[J].Blood,2005,106(7): 2334-2339
[97]Blankenberg S, Barbaux S, Tiret L.Adhesion molecules and atherosclerosis. At herosclerosis,2003,170 (2):191-203
[98]楼希文,孙绍刚,王琛.转录因子NF-kB的核内活性调控[J].细胞生物学杂志,2009,31(16)：741-748
[99]刘景诗,徐军美,刘永平.NF-kB在加贝酯对大鼠肝缺血再灌注损伤过程中的活化及意义[J].中国现代医学杂志,2010,20(6)：821-823
[100]Beinke S and Ley SC. Functions of NFkappaB 1 and NFkappaB2 in immune c ell biology. Biochem J.2004,382:393-409
[101]杜春玲,徐永健,刘先胜,等.NF-kB参与哮喘血清被动致敏的人气道平滑肌细胞中PKCα诱导的Cyclin Dl上调及细胞增殖[J].华中科技大学学报(医学版),2008,37(6)：703-707
[102]Tiran A, Gruber HJ, Graier wf, et al。 Aspirin inhibits chlamydia pheumoniae-ind uced nuclear factor-[kappa]B activation, cytokine expression, and bacterial developmen t in human endothelial cells。 ArteriosclerThromb Vasc Biol,2002,22:1075-1080 [103]ChaseAJ, BondM, CroodMF, etal.Regulation of adhesion moleeule exPression i n Humanendothelial and smooth muscle cells by omega-3 fatty acids and conjugated linoleic aeids:involvementofthetranseriPtionfaetorNF — kaPPaB [J].ProstaglandLeukEssent FatAeid,2008,78(1):33 — 43
[104]Cominacini L, Garbin V, Pasini A F, et al. The expression of adhesion molecul es on endothelial cells in inhibited by troglitazone through its antioxidant activity[J].C ell Adhes Commun,1999,7(3):223-231
[105]Han SU J,Hyun MK, Jung HC,et al. Molecular mechanisms for lipopolysacchari de-induced biphasic activation of nuclear factor-icB(NF-kB) [J].JBiol Chem,2002,277(4 7):44715-44721
[106]Mariappan N, Elks C M, Sriramula S, et al. NF-kB-induced oxidative stress con tributes tomitochondrial and cardiac dysfunction in type II diabetes[J].Cardiovascular r esearch,2010,85(3):473-483
[107]Li N, KARIN M. Is NF-kB the sensor of oxidative stress?[J].The FASEB journ al,1999,13(10):1137-1143
[108]王玉玖,张刚,王岩,等.穿心莲内醋在减缓深静脉血栓形成中作用机制的研究[J].中国体外循环杂忐,2011,2(9)：115-117
[109]Li Xing-guo, Zheng Hong-yu, Li Wen, et al. Expression of nuclear factor kappa Bl and tissue factor in femoral venous endothelial tissue of the rat deep vein thromb osis model[j].Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research,2012,7(16):1245-1249
[110]Vega FM,Ridley AJ.Rho GTPases in cancer cell biology[J].FEBS Lett,2008,582(14):2093-2101
[111]Heasman SJ, Ridley AJ. Mammalian Rho GTPases: new insights into their functions from in vivo studies[J].Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol.2008,9(9):690-701
[112]Garcia-Mata R, Boulter E, Burridge K. The 'invisible hand':regulation of RHO GTPases by RHOGDIs [J]. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol.2011,12(8):493-504
[113]BoscoEE, MulloyJC, Zheng Y. Racl GTPase:a"Rac"of all trades [J]. Cell Mol Life Sci,2009,66(3):370-374
[114]Vega FM, Ridley AJ. Rho GTPases in cancer cell biology[J]. FEBS Lett,2008, 582(14):2093-2101
[115]Yang FC,Atkinson SJ, Gu Y, et al. Rac and Cdc42 GTPases control hematopoietic stem cell shape, adhesion, migration, and mobilization [J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA.2001,98(10):5614-5618
[116]Mariappan N, Elks C M, Sriramula S,et al.NF-kB-induced oxidative stress contributes to mitochondrial and cardiac dysfunction in type II diabetes [J]. Cardiovascular research, 2010,85(3):473-483
[117]Aslan JE, McCarty OJT.Rho GTPases in platelet function[J].J Thromb Haemost,2013, 11 (10):35-46
[118]McCarty OJ, Larson MK, Auger JM, et al. Racl is essential for platelet lamellipodia formation and aggregate stability under flow [J] J Biol Chem.2005,280(47):39474-39484
[119]Furie B, Furie BC. Role of platelet P-selectin and microparticle PSGL-1 in thrombus formation[J].Trends Mol Med.2004,10(4):171-178