硬脑膜外电刺激皮层神经假体的能量信号传输关键技术与实验研究
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摘要
神经假体学是一门利用神经科学和生物医学工程技术来研究神经功能修复的学科。皮层神经假体是一种可替代因伤或疾病被破坏的皮层运动神经元、感觉神经元或者认知形式功能的装置。硬脑膜外电刺激皮层神经假体是将微电极、功能集成电路植入人体硬脑膜上的特定区域,电刺激靶区域的皮层神经组织使原先由于创伤或疾病导致阻断的特定神经通路再次激活,从而达到修复特定神经功能的目的,具有微创性、脑组织保持完整及感染风险小的优点。
本论文在总结分析神经功能修复意义、皮层神经假体的分类、关键技术及能量信号传输关键技术研究现状的基础上,系统地提出硬脑膜外电刺激皮层神经假体的设计方案,通过分析硬脑膜外电刺激皮层神经假体的能量信号传输关键技术需求,对其中的感应无线电能传输技术、无线供能通信技术及无线采集技术等共性关键技术进行了设计与实验研究,并开展了硬脑膜外电刺激皮层假体方案可行性的动物实验。本论文的主要研究工作如下:
1.针对硬脑膜外电刺激皮层神经假体植入电路芯片的电能供应需求,本论文提出了一种基于VLSI的经颅感应无线电能传输方案。该经颅感应无线电能传输系统包括体外能量发射电路和体内能量接收电路,两者通过一对电磁耦合线圈实现能量无线传输。体外装置,即无线电能传输发射电路,包括射频振荡器、E类功率放大器和体外耦合线圈三部分。体内装置,即无线电能传输接收电路,包括整流滤波电路、稳压电路。通过无线电能传输电路的Pspice仿真调试、无线电能传输接收电路CAD设计及CAD版图设计,完成无线电能传输测试实验,特别是低压差稳压电路改进实验。本系统具有以下特点:该基于VLSI的经颅感应无线电能传输接收电路版图面积62μm×195μm,输出3.3V电压;利用美国Johns Hopkins University的Neuroengineering & Biomedical Instrumentation Lab无线供能芯片完成实验测试,该无线电能传输系统能在4MHz载波频段为(10～15)mm距离内植入电路芯片在提供稳定3.3V电压输出10mA驱动电流;该感应无线电能传输系统具有安全、稳定、有效的特点,无需外接导线、无需更换电池且无感染危险;为硬脑膜外皮层神经电刺激神经假体的后续研究提供了一种可靠的无线电能传输工具。
2.针对硬脑膜外电刺激皮层神经假体植入电路芯片在执行神经功能修复任务时需从外界获取电刺激信号源的问题,本论文提出一种经颅的神经电刺激信号无线传输方案。该系统包括体外的无线电能传输发射电路和无线通信发射电路,体内的无线电能传输接收电路和无线通信接收电路。通过设计经颅神经电刺激信号的无线传输方案设计,建立实验平台,通过基于耦合线圈的经颅神经电刺激信号的无线传输实验,在保证无线电能输出电压稳定的前提下,获得该经颅神经电刺激信号无线传输系统的最高通信速率、最佳植入耦合线圈尺寸及误码率等性能。该系统具有以下优点:利用美国Johns Hopkins University的Neuroengineering & Biomedical Instrumentation Lab无线供能芯片和实验平台,通过同一套电磁耦合线圈,实现能量和数据在相同方向的同步传输;该无线供能通信系统为硬脑膜外电刺激皮层神经假体植入电路能在4MHz载波频段为(10～15)mm距离内植入电路芯片在提供稳定3.3V电压的同时,且能通过半径10mm体内耦合线圈提供电刺激信号数据,其最高通信速率为25 kbps;该经颅神经电刺激信号无线传输技术无需外接导线,无感染危险,是一种无创、有效的通信方法。
3.针对硬脑膜外电刺激皮层神经假体在修复神经功能过程中需对电极-组织接口信息进行监测的需求,本文设计了一种基于VLSI的经颅神经电信号无线采集系统。该系统包括采集电路、射频收发芯片及计算机等。设计经颅神经电信号的无线采集方案,通过研制该无线采集系统,完成了采集系统的性能测试、电生理信号离体无线传输实验。该系统具有如下特点:该采集系统的体积小,大约56mm×50mm×30 mm;利用16通道VLSI神经弱电势采集芯片,多参数可调,且具有低功耗、集成化的特点;该系统能在一米内以57.6kbps通信速率进行Spike和EEG等信号的无线采集传输,误差率低于8.9336×10-4;该系统采集神经假体电极-组织接口信息,确保硬脑膜外电刺激皮层神经假体神经修复功能,是硬脑膜外电刺激皮层神经假体研究的一项关键技术及监测工具。
4.根据硬脑膜外电刺激皮层神经假体研究中假设硬脑膜外的电刺激传递到皮层时仍为有效电刺激信号的假说,本论文设计了硬脑膜外电刺激皮层神经假体的电极-组织接口动物实验来对该假说进行验证。提出硬脑膜外电刺激皮层神经假体电极-组织接口动物实验方案,搭建动物实验平台,并在此实验平台上通过不同电刺激参数及空间位置等研究硬脑膜外电刺激信号的有效传递实验,从而反映硬脑膜-脑脊液-软脑膜组织结构对电刺激信号传递的影响。实验结果验证了硬脑膜外电刺激皮层方案的可行性,为课题后续工作奠定实验基础。
本论文从感应无线电能传输技术、无线供能通信技术及无线采集技术三方面对硬脑膜外电刺激皮层神经假体中的关键技术进行了深入的研究,并完成了硬脑膜外电刺激皮层神经假体方案可行性的动物实验验证。通过本文的研究和实验为硬脑膜外电刺激皮层神经假体具体而深入的研究奠定了理论和实验基础。本文的创新性工作总结如下:
(1)提出一种基于VLSI的经颅无线电能传输与经颅神经电刺激信号的传输方法,设计了基于VLSI的感应无线电能接收模块电路及基于电磁感应的经颅神经电刺激信号传输模块电路,通过低压差稳压电路的改进实验及神经电刺激信号在一对耦合线圈之间的无线传输实验,测得该感应无线电能传输系统能为(10～15)mm距离内的植入电路芯片提供稳定3.3V电压10mA驱动电流,同时能在半径10mm植入耦合线圈上提供最高通信速率25 kbps的电刺激信号,为硬脑膜外电刺激皮层神经假体研究提供一种无线电能传输及电刺激信号传输技术。
(2)提出一种基于VLSI经颅神经电信号无线采集方案,搭建该无线采集系统,体积大约56mm×50mm×30 mm,通过多通道性能测试实验,测得该无线采集系统能在一米内对Spike和EEG信号等以最高57.6kbps波特率的无线采集,误差率低于8.9336×10-4,为硬脑膜外电刺激皮层神经假体研究提供一种动态监测技术。
(3)提出一种硬脑膜外电刺激皮层神经假体的电极-组织接口动物实验方案,搭建猫的硬脑膜外电刺激皮层实验平台,通过硬脑膜外电刺激实验来研究硬脑膜-脑脊液-软脑膜对电刺激信号传递的影响,初步验证了硬脑膜外电刺激皮层方案的可行性,为硬脑膜外电刺激皮层神经假体研究奠定了实验基础。
Neuroprosthetics, also called neural prosthetics, is a discipline related to neuroscience and biomedical engineering concerned with developing neuroprosthetics. Cortical Neuroprosthetic are a series of devices that can substitute a motor, sensory or cognitive modality that might have been damaged as a result of an injury or a disease. The cortical prosthesis by micro-electrical stimulation through dura mater aimed special neural function restoration, where the micro- electrode and functional integrated circuit is implanted on special dura mater of subject to stimulate the target neural tissue for the unblocked neural path, which is damaged by injury or disease. The advantage is minimally invasive, brain integrity and low-risk of infection.
The proposed dissertation firstly analyzed the significance, concept and classification of neuroprosthetics, followed by the key technology and current research situation of neuroprosthetics. Then the dissertation summarized the concept of the cortical prosthesis by micro-electrical stimulation through dura mater, followed by its basic structure, current research situation and difficulties, finally the key technologies of the cortical prosthesis by micro-electrical stimulation through dura mater were elicited. After that inductive wireless power harvesting system, the wireless power harvesting telemetry system and wireless acquisition system in the cortical prosthesis by micro-electrical stimulation through dura mater were studied through system design and experiment. Further the animal experiment for verifying the feasibility of the cortical prosthesis by micro-electrical stimulation through dura mater has been carried out. The main research work is followed:
1. A micro and high quality wireless power device is a necessary part for implanted circuit chip in the cortical prosthesis by micro-electrical stimulation through dura mater. The proposed paper designed a wireless power transmission system to meet the power supply demand of the cortical prosthesis by micro-electrical stimulation through dura mater. The proposed system includes extracorporeal power transmitter circuit and internal power receiver circuit, which is wireless connected each other by one pair of inductive coils. The extracorporeal part means the power transmitter circuit, which includes RF oscillator, class E amplifier and extracorporeal coil et al. The internal part is the power receiver circuit, which are rectifier, filter and regulator circuit. The Pspice simulation debug of the whole wireless power transmission circuit, CAD design and CAD layout of the wireless power receiver circuit have been accomplished. Further the test experiment of wireless power transmission has been done. The features of the proposed system are: the receiver circuit of wireless power supply outputs 3.3V, with CAD layout size as 62μm×195μm; the test experiment is finished by using the VLSI chip of Johns Hopkins University Neuroengineering & Biomedical Instrumentation Lab, and the system can output 3.3V 10mA within the distance of (10～15)mm in 4MHz carrier for the implanted circuit chip; The system is safe, stable and efficient for the cortical prosthesis by micro-electrical stimulation through dura mater, without external wire connected, battery and infection danger; the system provided a reliable tool of wireless power supply for further research of the cortical prosthesis by micro-electrical stimulation through dura mater.
2. Not only the external power supply but also the extracorporeal electrical stimulus supply is needed when the implanted circuit chip of cortical prosthesis by micro-electrical stimulation through dura mater excuted special nerve function restoration. The proposed dissertation designed a VLSI wireless power harvesting telemetry system to accomplish the task for the cortical prosthesis by micro-electrical stimulation through dura mater. The system includes extracorporeal power transmitter and telemetry transmitter,internal power receiver and telemetry receiver. The schematic design of VLSI wireless power harvesting telemetry system is accomplished, and experiment platform was built and test experiment of wireless power harvesting telemetry based on inductive coils has been carried out. The highest baud rate, the optimized implanted inductive coil have been studied at the same time that output voltage of wireless power supply is stable. The features of the proposed system are followed. The power and data have been transmit in the same direction synchronously by one pair of inductive coil, and the experiment has been accomplished by using the VLSI chip and platform in Johns Hopkins University Neuroengineering & Biomedical Instrumentation Lab. The system can transmit the electrical stimulus data by 25kbps by implanted coil of 10mm radius within the distance of (10～15)mm at 4 MHz carrier for implanted circuit chip. The proposed wireless power harvesting telemetry technology is noninvasive, efficient telemetry method without external wire connected and infection danger.
3. The cortical prosthesis by micro-electrical stimulation through dura mater is used for nerve function restoration not damage nerve tissue, which is guaranteed to be executed efficiently by monitoring the electrode-tissue interface of neuroprosthetics. In this paper a VLSI wireless acquisition system for Spike and EEG signal was designed to carry out the monitoring task. The proposed system includes 16-channel signal acquisition VLSI chip, RF transceiver chip and PC et al. The wireless acquisition system schematic of neuroprosthetic electrode-tissue interface information is put forward, the acquisition system is built, and the system performance test and vitro physiological signal wireless transmission experiment have been accomplished. The characteristic of this system are followed. The proposed system is portable with size of 56mm×50mm×30 mm. The proposed system makes use of 16-channel VLSI neuropotential acquisition chip, of adjustable parameter, low-dissipation and integration. The system can communicate the signal similar to Spike and EEG at 57.6kbps within the distance of one meter with BER lower than 8.9336×10-4. The wireless acquisition technology is one key technology and monitoring tool for the cortical prosthesis by micro-electrical stimulation through dura mater, because the proposed system can acquire the electrode-tissue interface information of neuroprosthetics for guaranteeing the nerve function restoration of the cortical prosthesis by micro-electrical stimulation through dura mater.
4. The hypothesis of the cortical prosthesis by micro-electrical stimulation through dura mater is that the final electrical stimulus on the target cortex is still effective after it has transmit from the target dura mater. So the proposed paper designed a cat experiment of electrode-tissue interface in the cortical prosthesis by micro-electrical stimulation through dura mater to verify the hypothesis. The animal experiment schematic of electrode-tissue interface in the cortical prosthesis by micro-electrical stimulation through dura mater was put forward, the animal experiment platform was built, and tentative exploration of stimulus effective transmission from dura mater to cortex has been carried out. The main content is followed. The paper especially studied the electrical stimulus attenuation of the dura mater, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and pia mater. The experiment studied stimulus parameters effect in the transmission of electrical stimulus in the cortical prosthesis by micro-electrical stimulation through dura mater, which includes stimulus waveshape, pulsewidth and amplitude of single square current, record space sites. The scheme feasibility of the cortical prosthesis by micro-electrical stimulation through dura mater has been verified, which also settled experimental basis for further research of the cortical prosthesis by micro-electrical stimulation through dura mater.
The proposed dissertation has carried out further study on the cortical prosthesis by micro-electrical stimulation through dura mater, which includes wireless power supply technology,VLSI wireless power harvesting telemetry technology and VLSI wireless acquisition technology. And animal experiment of schematic feasibility in the cortical prosthesis by micro-electrical stimulation through dura mater has been accomplished. The research and experiment in the paper has established substantial theory and experiment basis for further research on the cortical prosthesis by micro-electrical stimulation through dura mater. The creative work is summarized.
(1) The paper put forward a method of transcranium wireless power supply and transcranium neural electrical stimulus transmission based on VLSI, and the circuit module both inductive wireless power receiver circuit based on VLSI and transcranium neural electrical stimulus transmission circuit based on Electromagnetic induction have been designed, especially the modification of low-drop regulator circuit and the transcranium neural electrical stimulus wireless transmission experiment through the coupling coils. The system can output 3.3V 10mA within the distance of (10～15)mm in 4MHz carrier for the implanted circuit chip, and it can transmit the electrical stimulus data by 25kbps.
(2) The paper proposed a method of neural electrical signal wireless acquisition in the cortical prosthesis by micro-electrical stimulation through dura mater based on VLSI, and the wireless transcranium acquisition system has been developed, and the performance test of the system has been accomplished. It can communicate the signal similar to Spike and EEG at 57.6kbps within the distance of one meter with BER lower than 8.9336×10-4.
(3) The paper proposed a method of electrode-tissue interface animal experiment in the cortical prosthesis by micro-electrical stimulation through dura mater, and animal experiment platform has been built, and tentative exploration of stimulus effective transmission from dura mater to cortex has been carried out, especially the scheme feasibility of the cortical prosthesis by micro-electrical stimulation through dura mater has been accomplished.
本论文在总结分析神经功能修复意义、皮层神经假体的分类、关键技术及能量信号传输关键技术研究现状的基础上,系统地提出硬脑膜外电刺激皮层神经假体的设计方案,通过分析硬脑膜外电刺激皮层神经假体的能量信号传输关键技术需求,对其中的感应无线电能传输技术、无线供能通信技术及无线采集技术等共性关键技术进行了设计与实验研究,并开展了硬脑膜外电刺激皮层假体方案可行性的动物实验。本论文的主要研究工作如下:
1.针对硬脑膜外电刺激皮层神经假体植入电路芯片的电能供应需求,本论文提出了一种基于VLSI的经颅感应无线电能传输方案。该经颅感应无线电能传输系统包括体外能量发射电路和体内能量接收电路,两者通过一对电磁耦合线圈实现能量无线传输。体外装置,即无线电能传输发射电路,包括射频振荡器、E类功率放大器和体外耦合线圈三部分。体内装置,即无线电能传输接收电路,包括整流滤波电路、稳压电路。通过无线电能传输电路的Pspice仿真调试、无线电能传输接收电路CAD设计及CAD版图设计,完成无线电能传输测试实验,特别是低压差稳压电路改进实验。本系统具有以下特点:该基于VLSI的经颅感应无线电能传输接收电路版图面积62μm×195μm,输出3.3V电压;利用美国Johns Hopkins University的Neuroengineering & Biomedical Instrumentation Lab无线供能芯片完成实验测试,该无线电能传输系统能在4MHz载波频段为(10～15)mm距离内植入电路芯片在提供稳定3.3V电压输出10mA驱动电流;该感应无线电能传输系统具有安全、稳定、有效的特点,无需外接导线、无需更换电池且无感染危险;为硬脑膜外皮层神经电刺激神经假体的后续研究提供了一种可靠的无线电能传输工具。
2.针对硬脑膜外电刺激皮层神经假体植入电路芯片在执行神经功能修复任务时需从外界获取电刺激信号源的问题,本论文提出一种经颅的神经电刺激信号无线传输方案。该系统包括体外的无线电能传输发射电路和无线通信发射电路,体内的无线电能传输接收电路和无线通信接收电路。通过设计经颅神经电刺激信号的无线传输方案设计,建立实验平台,通过基于耦合线圈的经颅神经电刺激信号的无线传输实验,在保证无线电能输出电压稳定的前提下,获得该经颅神经电刺激信号无线传输系统的最高通信速率、最佳植入耦合线圈尺寸及误码率等性能。该系统具有以下优点:利用美国Johns Hopkins University的Neuroengineering & Biomedical Instrumentation Lab无线供能芯片和实验平台,通过同一套电磁耦合线圈,实现能量和数据在相同方向的同步传输;该无线供能通信系统为硬脑膜外电刺激皮层神经假体植入电路能在4MHz载波频段为(10～15)mm距离内植入电路芯片在提供稳定3.3V电压的同时,且能通过半径10mm体内耦合线圈提供电刺激信号数据,其最高通信速率为25 kbps;该经颅神经电刺激信号无线传输技术无需外接导线,无感染危险,是一种无创、有效的通信方法。
3.针对硬脑膜外电刺激皮层神经假体在修复神经功能过程中需对电极-组织接口信息进行监测的需求,本文设计了一种基于VLSI的经颅神经电信号无线采集系统。该系统包括采集电路、射频收发芯片及计算机等。设计经颅神经电信号的无线采集方案,通过研制该无线采集系统,完成了采集系统的性能测试、电生理信号离体无线传输实验。该系统具有如下特点:该采集系统的体积小,大约56mm×50mm×30 mm;利用16通道VLSI神经弱电势采集芯片,多参数可调,且具有低功耗、集成化的特点;该系统能在一米内以57.6kbps通信速率进行Spike和EEG等信号的无线采集传输,误差率低于8.9336×10-4;该系统采集神经假体电极-组织接口信息,确保硬脑膜外电刺激皮层神经假体神经修复功能,是硬脑膜外电刺激皮层神经假体研究的一项关键技术及监测工具。
4.根据硬脑膜外电刺激皮层神经假体研究中假设硬脑膜外的电刺激传递到皮层时仍为有效电刺激信号的假说,本论文设计了硬脑膜外电刺激皮层神经假体的电极-组织接口动物实验来对该假说进行验证。提出硬脑膜外电刺激皮层神经假体电极-组织接口动物实验方案,搭建动物实验平台,并在此实验平台上通过不同电刺激参数及空间位置等研究硬脑膜外电刺激信号的有效传递实验,从而反映硬脑膜-脑脊液-软脑膜组织结构对电刺激信号传递的影响。实验结果验证了硬脑膜外电刺激皮层方案的可行性,为课题后续工作奠定实验基础。
本论文从感应无线电能传输技术、无线供能通信技术及无线采集技术三方面对硬脑膜外电刺激皮层神经假体中的关键技术进行了深入的研究,并完成了硬脑膜外电刺激皮层神经假体方案可行性的动物实验验证。通过本文的研究和实验为硬脑膜外电刺激皮层神经假体具体而深入的研究奠定了理论和实验基础。本文的创新性工作总结如下:
(1)提出一种基于VLSI的经颅无线电能传输与经颅神经电刺激信号的传输方法,设计了基于VLSI的感应无线电能接收模块电路及基于电磁感应的经颅神经电刺激信号传输模块电路,通过低压差稳压电路的改进实验及神经电刺激信号在一对耦合线圈之间的无线传输实验,测得该感应无线电能传输系统能为(10～15)mm距离内的植入电路芯片提供稳定3.3V电压10mA驱动电流,同时能在半径10mm植入耦合线圈上提供最高通信速率25 kbps的电刺激信号,为硬脑膜外电刺激皮层神经假体研究提供一种无线电能传输及电刺激信号传输技术。
(2)提出一种基于VLSI经颅神经电信号无线采集方案,搭建该无线采集系统,体积大约56mm×50mm×30 mm,通过多通道性能测试实验,测得该无线采集系统能在一米内对Spike和EEG信号等以最高57.6kbps波特率的无线采集,误差率低于8.9336×10-4,为硬脑膜外电刺激皮层神经假体研究提供一种动态监测技术。
(3)提出一种硬脑膜外电刺激皮层神经假体的电极-组织接口动物实验方案,搭建猫的硬脑膜外电刺激皮层实验平台,通过硬脑膜外电刺激实验来研究硬脑膜-脑脊液-软脑膜对电刺激信号传递的影响,初步验证了硬脑膜外电刺激皮层方案的可行性,为硬脑膜外电刺激皮层神经假体研究奠定了实验基础。
Neuroprosthetics, also called neural prosthetics, is a discipline related to neuroscience and biomedical engineering concerned with developing neuroprosthetics. Cortical Neuroprosthetic are a series of devices that can substitute a motor, sensory or cognitive modality that might have been damaged as a result of an injury or a disease. The cortical prosthesis by micro-electrical stimulation through dura mater aimed special neural function restoration, where the micro- electrode and functional integrated circuit is implanted on special dura mater of subject to stimulate the target neural tissue for the unblocked neural path, which is damaged by injury or disease. The advantage is minimally invasive, brain integrity and low-risk of infection.
The proposed dissertation firstly analyzed the significance, concept and classification of neuroprosthetics, followed by the key technology and current research situation of neuroprosthetics. Then the dissertation summarized the concept of the cortical prosthesis by micro-electrical stimulation through dura mater, followed by its basic structure, current research situation and difficulties, finally the key technologies of the cortical prosthesis by micro-electrical stimulation through dura mater were elicited. After that inductive wireless power harvesting system, the wireless power harvesting telemetry system and wireless acquisition system in the cortical prosthesis by micro-electrical stimulation through dura mater were studied through system design and experiment. Further the animal experiment for verifying the feasibility of the cortical prosthesis by micro-electrical stimulation through dura mater has been carried out. The main research work is followed:
1. A micro and high quality wireless power device is a necessary part for implanted circuit chip in the cortical prosthesis by micro-electrical stimulation through dura mater. The proposed paper designed a wireless power transmission system to meet the power supply demand of the cortical prosthesis by micro-electrical stimulation through dura mater. The proposed system includes extracorporeal power transmitter circuit and internal power receiver circuit, which is wireless connected each other by one pair of inductive coils. The extracorporeal part means the power transmitter circuit, which includes RF oscillator, class E amplifier and extracorporeal coil et al. The internal part is the power receiver circuit, which are rectifier, filter and regulator circuit. The Pspice simulation debug of the whole wireless power transmission circuit, CAD design and CAD layout of the wireless power receiver circuit have been accomplished. Further the test experiment of wireless power transmission has been done. The features of the proposed system are: the receiver circuit of wireless power supply outputs 3.3V, with CAD layout size as 62μm×195μm; the test experiment is finished by using the VLSI chip of Johns Hopkins University Neuroengineering & Biomedical Instrumentation Lab, and the system can output 3.3V 10mA within the distance of (10～15)mm in 4MHz carrier for the implanted circuit chip; The system is safe, stable and efficient for the cortical prosthesis by micro-electrical stimulation through dura mater, without external wire connected, battery and infection danger; the system provided a reliable tool of wireless power supply for further research of the cortical prosthesis by micro-electrical stimulation through dura mater.
2. Not only the external power supply but also the extracorporeal electrical stimulus supply is needed when the implanted circuit chip of cortical prosthesis by micro-electrical stimulation through dura mater excuted special nerve function restoration. The proposed dissertation designed a VLSI wireless power harvesting telemetry system to accomplish the task for the cortical prosthesis by micro-electrical stimulation through dura mater. The system includes extracorporeal power transmitter and telemetry transmitter,internal power receiver and telemetry receiver. The schematic design of VLSI wireless power harvesting telemetry system is accomplished, and experiment platform was built and test experiment of wireless power harvesting telemetry based on inductive coils has been carried out. The highest baud rate, the optimized implanted inductive coil have been studied at the same time that output voltage of wireless power supply is stable. The features of the proposed system are followed. The power and data have been transmit in the same direction synchronously by one pair of inductive coil, and the experiment has been accomplished by using the VLSI chip and platform in Johns Hopkins University Neuroengineering & Biomedical Instrumentation Lab. The system can transmit the electrical stimulus data by 25kbps by implanted coil of 10mm radius within the distance of (10～15)mm at 4 MHz carrier for implanted circuit chip. The proposed wireless power harvesting telemetry technology is noninvasive, efficient telemetry method without external wire connected and infection danger.
3. The cortical prosthesis by micro-electrical stimulation through dura mater is used for nerve function restoration not damage nerve tissue, which is guaranteed to be executed efficiently by monitoring the electrode-tissue interface of neuroprosthetics. In this paper a VLSI wireless acquisition system for Spike and EEG signal was designed to carry out the monitoring task. The proposed system includes 16-channel signal acquisition VLSI chip, RF transceiver chip and PC et al. The wireless acquisition system schematic of neuroprosthetic electrode-tissue interface information is put forward, the acquisition system is built, and the system performance test and vitro physiological signal wireless transmission experiment have been accomplished. The characteristic of this system are followed. The proposed system is portable with size of 56mm×50mm×30 mm. The proposed system makes use of 16-channel VLSI neuropotential acquisition chip, of adjustable parameter, low-dissipation and integration. The system can communicate the signal similar to Spike and EEG at 57.6kbps within the distance of one meter with BER lower than 8.9336×10-4. The wireless acquisition technology is one key technology and monitoring tool for the cortical prosthesis by micro-electrical stimulation through dura mater, because the proposed system can acquire the electrode-tissue interface information of neuroprosthetics for guaranteeing the nerve function restoration of the cortical prosthesis by micro-electrical stimulation through dura mater.
4. The hypothesis of the cortical prosthesis by micro-electrical stimulation through dura mater is that the final electrical stimulus on the target cortex is still effective after it has transmit from the target dura mater. So the proposed paper designed a cat experiment of electrode-tissue interface in the cortical prosthesis by micro-electrical stimulation through dura mater to verify the hypothesis. The animal experiment schematic of electrode-tissue interface in the cortical prosthesis by micro-electrical stimulation through dura mater was put forward, the animal experiment platform was built, and tentative exploration of stimulus effective transmission from dura mater to cortex has been carried out. The main content is followed. The paper especially studied the electrical stimulus attenuation of the dura mater, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and pia mater. The experiment studied stimulus parameters effect in the transmission of electrical stimulus in the cortical prosthesis by micro-electrical stimulation through dura mater, which includes stimulus waveshape, pulsewidth and amplitude of single square current, record space sites. The scheme feasibility of the cortical prosthesis by micro-electrical stimulation through dura mater has been verified, which also settled experimental basis for further research of the cortical prosthesis by micro-electrical stimulation through dura mater.
The proposed dissertation has carried out further study on the cortical prosthesis by micro-electrical stimulation through dura mater, which includes wireless power supply technology,VLSI wireless power harvesting telemetry technology and VLSI wireless acquisition technology. And animal experiment of schematic feasibility in the cortical prosthesis by micro-electrical stimulation through dura mater has been accomplished. The research and experiment in the paper has established substantial theory and experiment basis for further research on the cortical prosthesis by micro-electrical stimulation through dura mater. The creative work is summarized.
(1) The paper put forward a method of transcranium wireless power supply and transcranium neural electrical stimulus transmission based on VLSI, and the circuit module both inductive wireless power receiver circuit based on VLSI and transcranium neural electrical stimulus transmission circuit based on Electromagnetic induction have been designed, especially the modification of low-drop regulator circuit and the transcranium neural electrical stimulus wireless transmission experiment through the coupling coils. The system can output 3.3V 10mA within the distance of (10～15)mm in 4MHz carrier for the implanted circuit chip, and it can transmit the electrical stimulus data by 25kbps.
(2) The paper proposed a method of neural electrical signal wireless acquisition in the cortical prosthesis by micro-electrical stimulation through dura mater based on VLSI, and the wireless transcranium acquisition system has been developed, and the performance test of the system has been accomplished. It can communicate the signal similar to Spike and EEG at 57.6kbps within the distance of one meter with BER lower than 8.9336×10-4.
(3) The paper proposed a method of electrode-tissue interface animal experiment in the cortical prosthesis by micro-electrical stimulation through dura mater, and animal experiment platform has been built, and tentative exploration of stimulus effective transmission from dura mater to cortex has been carried out, especially the scheme feasibility of the cortical prosthesis by micro-electrical stimulation through dura mater has been accomplished.
引文
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