基于面内剪切压电陶瓷换能器的非频散导波激励与接收
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摘要
平板中的零阶水平剪切(SH0)波和管道中的零阶扭转[T(0,1)]导波由于具有非频散、在缺陷处不易发生波形转换及衰减小等特点,从而在无损检测和结构健康监测领域具有重要的应用前景。然而用压电换能器激励SH0波或T(0,1)波一直是困扰该领域研究者的难题,因此当前关于SH0波和T(0,1)波的研究主要集中在理论和数值模拟方面,鲜有实验报道。分析发现,压电换能器难以激励SH0波或T(0,1)波的原因在于压电陶瓷中没有面内剪切压电模式。本文中,我们首先通过铁弹畴变在PZT压电陶瓷中制备了正交各向异性的工程畴结构,从而在PZT陶瓷中实现了高达274 p C/N的面内剪切压电系数d36。在此基础上设计制备了d36型PZT压电陶瓷换能器,通过在铝板的实验表明该换能器能够激励出SH0波,但同时辐射有Lamb波。分析发现Lamb波的产生来源于横向伸缩d31模式和面内剪切d36模式存在模式耦合。接着我们通过在PZT陶瓷中制备二维反平行电畴结构,从而解决了模式耦合问题,实现纯的面内剪切模式。实验表明具备二维反平行电畴结构的压电换能器的确能够激励SH0波,但单模态的SH0波仅能在面内剪切共振频率附近获得。因此我们进一步发展了d24型面内剪切压电陶瓷换能器,实验表明d24型换能器可在较宽的频率范围内在两个正交的主方向上激励单模态的SH0波,且d24型换能器可作为传感器在较宽的频率范围内接收SH0波并过滤掉Lamb波。我们在d24面内剪切压电陶瓷的基础上,进一步研制了可在360°范围内发射和接收SH0波的压电换能器。该全指向性换能器组成的相控阵系统,理论上可实现对诸如大型储油罐等板壳类工程结构的健康监测。针对管道类结构,我们基于d24型面内剪切压电陶瓷发展了能够激励单模态T(0,1)导波的压电换能器,且该换能器作为传感器可以过滤掉弯曲导波,从而只接收T(0,1)导波。本文的工作将有望推动基于SH0和T(0,1)导波的结构健康监测与无损检测的发展。
引文
1 H.C.Miao,H.Qiang,Q.Z.Wang,F.X.Li*.Excitation and reception of single torsional wave T(0,1)mode in pipes using face-shear d24 piezoelectric ring array.Smart materials and Structures,(in press).
2 H.C.Miao,H.Qiang,Q.Z.Wang,F.X.Li*.A New Omnidirectional Shear Horizontal Wave Transducer Using Face-shear(d24)Piezoelectric Ring Array.Ultrasonics,2017,74,167-173.
3 H.C.Miao,H.Qiang,F.X.Li*.Excitation and reception of pure shear horizontal waves by using face-shear d24 mode piezoelectric wafers.Smart materials and Structures,2016,25 11LT01.
4 F.X.Li*,H.C.Miao.Development of an apparent face-shear mode(d36)piezoelectric transducer for excitation and reception of shear horizontal waves via two-dimensional antiparallel poling.Journal of applied Physics,2016,120,144101.
5 H.C.Miao,S.X.Dong,F.X.Li*.Excitation of fundamental shear horizontal wave by using face-shear(d36)piezoelectric ceramics.Journal of applied Physics,2016,119,174101.
6 H.C.Miao,X.Chen,H.R.Cai,F.X.Li*.Comparative face-shear piezoelectric properties of soft and hard PZTceramics.Journal of applied Physics,2015,118,214102.
7 H.C.Miao,F.X.Li*.Realization of face-shear piezoelectric coefficient d36 in PZT ceramics via ferroelastic domain engineering.Applied Physics Letters,2015,107,122902.
2 H.C.Miao,H.Qiang,Q.Z.Wang,F.X.Li*.A New Omnidirectional Shear Horizontal Wave Transducer Using Face-shear(d24)Piezoelectric Ring Array.Ultrasonics,2017,74,167-173.
3 H.C.Miao,H.Qiang,F.X.Li*.Excitation and reception of pure shear horizontal waves by using face-shear d24 mode piezoelectric wafers.Smart materials and Structures,2016,25 11LT01.
4 F.X.Li*,H.C.Miao.Development of an apparent face-shear mode(d36)piezoelectric transducer for excitation and reception of shear horizontal waves via two-dimensional antiparallel poling.Journal of applied Physics,2016,120,144101.
5 H.C.Miao,S.X.Dong,F.X.Li*.Excitation of fundamental shear horizontal wave by using face-shear(d36)piezoelectric ceramics.Journal of applied Physics,2016,119,174101.
6 H.C.Miao,X.Chen,H.R.Cai,F.X.Li*.Comparative face-shear piezoelectric properties of soft and hard PZTceramics.Journal of applied Physics,2015,118,214102.
7 H.C.Miao,F.X.Li*.Realization of face-shear piezoelectric coefficient d36 in PZT ceramics via ferroelastic domain engineering.Applied Physics Letters,2015,107,122902.