手机天线对人脑的SAR分析及其电磁防护
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- 英文论文题名：Mobile Phone Antenna SAR Analysis on the Human Brain and its Electromagnetic Protection
- 论文作者：孙明源 ; 徐海洋
- 英文论文作者：Mingyuan Sun ; Haiyang Xu ; Shanghai Maritime University
- 年：2015
- 作者机构：上海海事大学;
- 论文关键词：高频电磁场 ; 电磁辐射 ; 天线 ; 电磁防护
- 英文论文关键词：High-frequency electromagnetic field ; electromagnetic radiation ; antenna ; Electromagnetic protection
- 会议召开时间：2015-08-12
- 会议录名称：静电放电：从地面新技术应用到空间卫星安全防护—中国物理学会第二十届全国静电学术会议论文集
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：R594.8
- 学会代码：WLJD
- 会议名称：静电放电 ; 从地面新技术应用到空间卫星安全防护—中国物理学会第二十届全国静电学术会议
- 会议地点：中国河北石家庄
- 主办单位：中国物理学会静电专业委员会
- 学会名称：中国物理学会静电专业委员会
- 页数：5
- 文件大小：1120k
- 原文格式：D
- 会议级别：全国
摘要
目前移动手持终端的工作频率越来越高,新一代的4G通讯协议下,天线工作频率甚至已经超过2GHz。在如此高频率下工作的天线对人脑的电磁辐射问题必须谨慎研究。本文利用高频电磁场专业模拟仿真软件HFSS(High Frequency Simulator Structure)对高频率下工作的天线对人脑的电磁辐射进行了建模和仿真计算。选取了SAR值作为主要参数,比较了仿真结果与现行标准,并提出了降低电磁辐射的防护措施。仿真结果显示,减小手机缝隙、添加导电贴片、磁性贴片或吸波贴片,都可以降低SAR值。同时优化设备设计方案,可以降低SAR值,达到电磁防护的目的。
At present mobile handsets work with increasing frequency, under the new generation of 4G protocols, antenna operating frequency even more than 2GHz. The electromagnetic radiation, comes from such a high frequency antenna, work on the human brain must be carefully studied. In this paper, the high-frequency electromagnetic field antenna professional simulation software HFSS(High Frequency Simulator Structure) was used to model and simulate high frequency electromagnetic radiation on the human brain. This paper chose SAR values as the main parameters, simulation results are compared with the current standard, and proposed to reduce electromagnetic radiation protective measures. Simulation results show that the smaller gap and conductive patch, patch or absorbing magnetic patch are effective to reduce SAR.SAR value can be reduced by optimized equipment design for electromagnetic protection.
At present mobile handsets work with increasing frequency, under the new generation of 4G protocols, antenna operating frequency even more than 2GHz. The electromagnetic radiation, comes from such a high frequency antenna, work on the human brain must be carefully studied. In this paper, the high-frequency electromagnetic field antenna professional simulation software HFSS(High Frequency Simulator Structure) was used to model and simulate high frequency electromagnetic radiation on the human brain. This paper chose SAR values as the main parameters, simulation results are compared with the current standard, and proposed to reduce electromagnetic radiation protective measures. Simulation results show that the smaller gap and conductive patch, patch or absorbing magnetic patch are effective to reduce SAR.SAR value can be reduced by optimized equipment design for electromagnetic protection.
引文
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[2].Recommended practice for determining the peak spatial-average Specific Absorption Rate(SAR)in the human body due to Wireless Communications Devices:Measurement Techniques[S].IEEEStandard 1 528,2003.
[3].Avci B,Akar A,Bilgici B,et al.Oxidative stress induced by 1.8 GHz radio frequency electromagnetic radiation and effects of garlic extract in rats[J].International Journal of Radiation Biology,2012,88(11):799-805.
[4].Bouji M,Lecomte A,Hode Y,et al.Effects of 900MHz radiofrequency on corticosterone,emotional memory and neuroinflammation in middle-aged rats[J].Experimental Gerontology,2012,47(6):444-451.
[5].Dasdag S,Akdag Z,Erdal E,et al.Long term and excessive use of 900 MHz radiofrequency radiation alter micro RNA expression in brain[J].International Journal of Radiation Biology,2015,91(4):306-311.
[6].Divan H,Kheifets L,Obel C.Cell phone use and behavioural problems in young children[J].Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health,2012,66(6):524-529.
[7].Fragopoulou F,Samara A,Antonelou H,et al.Brain proteome response following whole body exposure of mice to mobile phone or wireless DECT base radiation[J].Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine,2012,31(4):250-274.
[8].Gandhi P,Morgan L,de Salles A,et al.Exposure Limits:The underestimation of absorbed cell phone radiation,especially in children[J].Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine,2012,31(1):34-51.
[9].Karaca E,Durmaz B,Altug H,et al.The genotoxic effect of radiofrequency waves on mouse brain[J].Journal of Neuro-oncology,2012,106(1):53-58.
[10].Kim HS,Kim YJ,Lee YH,et al.Effect of whole-body exposure to the 848.5 MHz code division multiple access(CDMA)electromagnetic field on adult neurogenesis in the young,healthy rat brain[J].International Journal of Radiation Biology,2015,91(4):354-359.
[11].Lee H,Jin Y,Kim T,et al.The effects of simultaneous combined exposure to CDMA and WCDMA electromagnetic fields on rat testicular function[J].Bio electromagnetics,2012,33(4):356-364.
[12].Liu C,Duan W,Xu S,et al.Exposure to 1800 MHz radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation induces oxidative DNA base damage in a mouse spermatocyte-derived cell line[J].Toxicology Letters,2013,218(1):2-9.
[13].Waldmann P,Bohnenberger S,Greinert R,et al.Influence of GSM Signals on Human Peripheral Lymphocytes:Study of Genotoxicity[J].Radiation Research,2013,179(2):243-253.
[14].Soderqvist F,Carlberg M,Hardell L.Biomarkers in volunteers exposed to mobile phone radiation[J].Toxicology Letters,2015,235(2):140-146.
[15].Yang X,He G,Hao Y,et al.Exposure to 2.45 GHz electromagnetic fields elicits an HSP-related stress response in rat hippocampus[J].Brain Research Bulletin,2012,88(11):371-378.
[16].Fornaro G.Trajectory deviations in airborne SAR:Analysis and compensation[J].IEEE Transaction on Aerospace and Electronic Systems,1999,35(3):997-1009.
[17].Kahya C,Naziroglu M,Cig B.Selenium Reduces Mobile Phone(900 MHz)-Induced Oxidative Stress,Mitochondrial Function,and Apoptosis in Breast Cancer Cells[J].Biological Trace Element Research,2014,160(2):285-293.
[18].Maskey D,Kim H,Kim H,et al.Calcium-binding proteins and GFAP immunoreactivity alterations in murine hippocampus after 1 month of exposure to 835 MHz radiofrequency at SAR values of 1.6and 4.0 W/kg[J].Neuroscience Letters,2012,506(2):292-296.
[19].Moretti D,Garenne A,Haro E,et al.In Vitro Exposure of Neuronal Networks to a GSM-1800Signal[J].Bio electromagnetics,2013,34(8):571-578.
[20].Symsa R,Shamonina E,Kalinin V,et al.A theory of metamaterials based on periodically loaded transmission lines:Interaction between magnetoinductiveand electromagnetic waves[J].Appl Phys,2005,97:649-655
[21].Xiang M,Wu Y,and Li S.Introduction on an experimental airborne In SARsystem[C].International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium,Seoul Korea,2005:4809-4812.
[22].China's three major carriers 2G-4G frequency division.http://bbs.c114.net/thread-794227-1-1.html[OL].Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of China.
[23].Kraus J,Marhefka J.Antennas:For All Applications[M].Beijing:Publishing House of Electronics Industry,2008.
[24].Du Y.Research and application of new artificial electromagnetic protective materials[D].Chengdu:University of Electronic Science and Technology of China:2014.
[25].Du Y,Bao Y,Wang Y.Research of Epsilon-Negative Material and its Electromagnetic Shielding Effect[J].Advanced Materials Research,2014,893(10):781-789.