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不适宜高海拔作业人员调离原因及调离发生时间规律研究
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摘要
目的探索不适宜高海拔作业职工调离原因及调离时间的基本规律。方法对某铁路公司2007~2013年调离职工基本信息、上高原信息、调离原因等进行分析。结果 1.427名调离职工中,调离原因20类,其中,血红蛋白异常发生率为57.85%。2.调离时间均值为31.83月,范围为2-102月。3.不同年龄组、海拔、工种调离时间均值都有统计学差别(P<0.01)。4.红细胞、尿酸异常组调离时间均值分别为28.74月和21.96月,均低于正常组(P<0.01),B超、心脏彩超和其他血细胞异常组调离时间均值分别为加.75月、50.98月和50.97月,均高于正常组(P<0.01)。5.调离原因数越多,其调离时间均值越大(P<0.01)。结论红细胞异常是不适宜高海拔作业职工调离的主要原因,调离时间均值与年龄、海拔、工种等因素有关,红细胞和尿酸是高海拔缺氧环境较早出现异常的指标,B超、心脏彩超和其他血细胞是较迟出现异常的指标,高海拔工作时间越长,人体受伤害的系统越多。
Objective Find the basic law of occupationmobility reasons and time of the workers who is unsuitable for high altitude operations,methods.Analyze the information and reason of the workers occupationmobility in a railway company from 2007 to 2013.Results 1.There are 20 reasons for occupationmobility in those 427 workers who were transferred.Among them,the occurrence ratio of haemoglobin anomaly was 57.85%.2.Themean of occupationmobility time is 31.83 months,and the range is 2 to 102 months.3.There have statistically difference in the age group,altitude and occupation(P<0.01).4.Themean of occupationmobility time of Erythrocyte abnormality group and Uric acid abnormality group is 28.74 months and 21.96 months,which were lower than the normal group(P<0.01),while themean of B-mode ultrasonography abnormality group,echocardiography abnormality group and other blood cell abnormality group are 40.75 months,50.98 months and 50.97 month,which were higher than normal group(P<0.01).5.Themore problem occurs,themean of occupationmobility time is larger.Conclusion Erythrocyte abnormality is themain reason why the workers in high altitudemade the jobmobility.The firstmonth got in the age group,altitude and occupation willmake an influence on the jobmobility time.Red blood cells and uric acid will be abnormal earlier while B-Ultrasound,echocardiography and other blood cell will be abnormal later in high altitude hypoxia environment.The longer working time in high altitude,themore systems in body will get hunt.
引文
[1]《铁办劳卫[2013]23号铁道部办公厅关于印发<高原铁路卫生保障工作指南>的通知》之附件4
    [2]秦晓虹等,高原地区基层部队人员健康体检结果分析,临床误诊误治,2011,24(12),92-93
    [3]许慧宁,高原地区在职及离退休干部体检结果分析及保健措施,现代预防医学,2009,36(21),4116-4118
    [4]何朗等,高原地区道孚县居民健康体检情况分析,2013,6(20)

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