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海州湾三种鱼类的群体组成特征及其年间变化
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摘要
根据2011-2016年春、秋季海州湾9个航次的渔业生物底拖网调查数据,研究了该海域大泷六线鱼(Hexagrammos otakii)、方氏云鳚(Pholis fangi)和小黄鱼(Larimichthys polyactis)的体长、体重组成,并比较了体长、体重分布特征和体长-体重关系的年间变化。结果表明,三种鱼类的平均体长、体重在年间均有极显著差异(p<0.01)。大泷六线鱼和方氏云鳚的春、秋季的体长-体重关系式参数a和b在年间均有显著差异;小黄鱼春季和秋季的a值在年间有显著差异,而小黄鱼的b值在年间无显著差异。异速生长检验表明,大泷六线鱼春季各年份群体为正异速生长;秋季各年份2011年为正异速生长,其他年份为等速生长。方氏云鳚春季和秋季各年份2013年为等速生长,其他年份均为正异速生长;小黄鱼春季各年份2013、2014年为等速生长,其他年份为负异速生长;秋季各年份均为等速生长。异速生长参数b值的年间变化可能与个体摄食、性成熟、捕捞强度以及环境变化等因素有关。查明三种鱼类生物学特征的年际变化,可以为渔业资源管理和养护提供数据参考。
Based on body size data of the dominant fish species collected by bottom trawl surveys in Haizhou Bay in spring and fall from 2011 to 2016, we studied the population size structure and length-weight relationship of three fish species, Hexagrammos otakii and Pholis fangi and Larimichthys polyactis. The results showed significant differences of average body length and body weight among years for the three species. The condition factors(a) and allometric factors(b)in body weight-length relationship of Hexagrammos otakii and Pholis fangi showed significant differences among years in both spring and fall, whereas the allometric factors of Larimichthys polyactis had no significant differences among years. The t-test on b showed that the growth patterns of Hexagrammos otakii and Pholis fang were generally positive allometric growth,whereas the growth patterns of Larimichthys polyactis were generally isometric growth. The variations of the allometric factors b across time may result from the feeding intensity, maturation,fishing and annual environmental variation. An examination of the variation of fish biological parameters could contribute the management and conservation of fisheries resources.
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