有机肥施用对烟草光合特性的影响
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- 英文论文题名：The influence of organic fertilizers application on photosynthesis of tobacco
- 论文作者：杨德廉 ; 李祥英 ; 赵文超 ; 管恩森 ; 田海东 ; 王大海 ; 高凯 ; 刘振宇
- 英文论文作者：Yang Delian ; Li Xiangying ; Zhao Wenchao ; Guan Ensen ; Tian Haidong ; Wang Dahai ; Gao Kai ; Liu Zhenyu ; Weifang Tobacco Company of Shandong Province ; Shandong Agricultural University
- 年：2016
- 作者机构：山东潍坊烟草有限公司;山东农业大学;
- 论文关键词：烟草 ; 光合作用 ; 有机肥 ; 土壤改良
- 英文论文关键词：Tobacco ; Photosynthesis ; Organic fertilizer ; Soil improvement
- 会议召开时间：2016-12-01
- 会议录名称：中国烟草学会2016年度优秀论文汇编——烟草农业主题
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：S572
- 学会代码：ZGYG
- 学会名称：中国烟草学会
- 页数：9
- 文件大小：1387k
- 原文格式：D
摘要
为探究烟田施用有机肥对烟草生长特性的影响,本研究以五种不同类型有机肥和常规化肥为处理,测定了烟草叶片光合作用的差异。发现,在测量时间点,施用发酵豆饼的烟草叶片净光合速率(Pn)、水分利用效率(WUE)、瞬时光能利用率(SUE)、瞬时羧化速率(CUE)值均高于其它处理,分别为23.97μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1)、8.5302、0.1354mol·m~(-2)·s~(-1)和0.0145;而施用烟草秸秆处理的多项指标值均低于其它处理,其中净光合速率只有施用化肥处理的80.00%,是施用发酵豆饼处理的72.55%;以畜禽粪便为主要成分的两种复合有机肥、发酵牛粪对烟草气孔导度、水分利用率影响有差异,其它指标差异不显著。可见,不同肥料施用对烟草的光合特性的影响存在明显差异,除烟草秸秆有机肥外,其它有机肥施用均能保证烟草有良好的光合和蒸腾作用,反映出有机肥除了提供肥分外,还可能存在改土效果。该研究对长期连作和大量化肥施用的烟田土壤改良,具有可能的重要意义。
To explore the influence of applying organic fertilizers on tobacco growth, five type of organic fertilizers and one chemical fertilizer were used applying into tobacco field and photosynthesis of tobacco was determined using LCpro- SD portable photosynthetic apparatus. At the time point of photosynthesis determining, the net photosynthetic rate(Pn), water use efficiency(WUE), transient light energy utilization efficiency(SUE) and transient carboxylation rate(CUE) of tobacco treated with fermented bean cake were higher than that of the other treatments, which were 23.97μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1), 8.5302, 0.1354mol·m~(-2)·s~(-1) and 0.0145, respectively. However, all the index of photosynthesis tested when applying with the tobacco straw fertilizer were lower than that of the other treatments. In which, the Pn was 80.00% of that treated with chemical fertilizer and 72.55% of bean cake fertilizer. There were no significant difference of applying of two organic fertilizers of livestock waste and the fermented cow dung with other fertilizers, while WUE and stomata conductance were significant difference with others. In conclusion, there were significant difference influence of fertilizers on the photosynthesis of tobacco, and applying the organic fertilizers, except of tobacco straw fertilizer, sustained the good condition of photosynthesis and transpiration of tobacco. The result also imply that organic fertilizers provide not only the nutriment, but also the effect of soil improvement, suggesting the value of organic fertilizer application in the tobacco filed that of long term continuous cropping or overuse of chemical fertilizer.
To explore the influence of applying organic fertilizers on tobacco growth, five type of organic fertilizers and one chemical fertilizer were used applying into tobacco field and photosynthesis of tobacco was determined using LCpro- SD portable photosynthetic apparatus. At the time point of photosynthesis determining, the net photosynthetic rate(Pn), water use efficiency(WUE), transient light energy utilization efficiency(SUE) and transient carboxylation rate(CUE) of tobacco treated with fermented bean cake were higher than that of the other treatments, which were 23.97μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1), 8.5302, 0.1354mol·m~(-2)·s~(-1) and 0.0145, respectively. However, all the index of photosynthesis tested when applying with the tobacco straw fertilizer were lower than that of the other treatments. In which, the Pn was 80.00% of that treated with chemical fertilizer and 72.55% of bean cake fertilizer. There were no significant difference of applying of two organic fertilizers of livestock waste and the fermented cow dung with other fertilizers, while WUE and stomata conductance were significant difference with others. In conclusion, there were significant difference influence of fertilizers on the photosynthesis of tobacco, and applying the organic fertilizers, except of tobacco straw fertilizer, sustained the good condition of photosynthesis and transpiration of tobacco. The result also imply that organic fertilizers provide not only the nutriment, but also the effect of soil improvement, suggesting the value of organic fertilizer application in the tobacco filed that of long term continuous cropping or overuse of chemical fertilizer.
引文
[1]张继光,申国明,张久权,等.烟草连作障碍研究进展[J].中国烟草科学,2011,32(3):95-98.
[2]危跃,彭海峰,屠乃美,等.烟草肥效调控研究进展[J].作物研究,2008,22(05):480-485
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[5]Kaiser M,Eller rock R H.Functional characterization of soil organic matter fractions different in solubility originating from a long-term field experiment[J].Gendarme,2005,127(2-4):196-206.
[6]刘睿,王正银,朱洪霞.中国有机肥料研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2007,23(01):310-313.
[7]Liu E,Teclemariam S G,Yan C et al.Long-term effects of no-tillage management practice on soil organic carbon and its fractions in the northern China[J].Geoderma,2014,213:379-384.
[8]Humberto Blanco-Canqui H,Lal.soil structure and organic carbon relationships following 10 years of wheat straw management in no-till[J].soil&.Tillage Research,2007.95(1-2):240-254.
[9]韩晓日,郑国砥,刘晓燕,等.有机肥与化肥配合施用土壤微生物量氮动态、来源和供氮特征[J].中国农业科学,2007,40(4):765-772.
[10]Kaiser M,Ellerbrock R H.Functional characterization of soil organic matter fractions different in solubility originating from a long-term field experiment[J].Geoderma,2005,127(2-4):196-206.
[11]刘雪琴,仝瑞建,石孝均,等.不同品种有机肥对烤烟产量和品质的影响[J].中国农学通报,2013,29(25):151-155.
[12]彭志良,黄元炯,刘顺国,等.不同有机肥对烟田土壤微生物以及烟叶品质和产量的影响[J],中国烟草学报,2009(02):41-45.
[13]Blake L,Goulding K W T,Mott C J B,et al.Changes in soil chemistry accompanying acidification over more than 100 years under woodland and grass at Roth Amsted Experimental Station UK[J].European Journal of Soil Science,1999,50:401-412.
[14]王立刚,李维炯,邱建军,等.生物有机肥对作物生长、土壤肥力及产量的效应研究[J].土壤肥料,2004(5):12-16.
[15]符云鹏,温玉转,王德华,等.不同肥料配施对香料烟燃烧性及质量的影响[J].中国烟草科学,2011,32(3):66-71.
[16]Hui J A,Ye Q S.Effects of elevated CO2 concentration on photosynthesis,growth and development of the bromeliad guzmania[J].Journal of Plant Ecology,,2008,32(2):424–430
[17]刘彦中,纪鹏,陈宗瑜.UV-B辐射滤减处理对烤烟光合特性的影响[J].中国烟草科学,2011,32(3):41-45.
[18]郭丽琢,张福锁,李春俭.打顶对烟草生长、钾素吸收及其分配的影响[J].应用生态学报,2002,13(7):819-822.
[19]金云峰,王莎莎,张建波,等.生长温度对不同生育期烟草叶片光合作用及质体色素代谢的影响[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(22):57-74.
[20]叶胜兰,徐福利,王渭玲,等.不同有机肥对黄土丘陵区梨枣生长、光合特性及果实品质的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2013,19(2):370-378.
[21]Paunescu AD.The influence of the mixed and organic fertilization on the soil biology yield and quality of Oriental tobacco[J].CORESTA,1997,(2):86.
[22]王晓娟,贾志宽,梁连友,等.不同有机肥量对旱地玉米光合特性和产量的影响[J].应用生态学报,2012,23(2):419-425.
[23]杨云高,王树林,刘国,等.生物有机肥对烤烟产质量及土壤改良的影响[J].中国烟草科学,2012,33(4):70-74.
[24]王铎,晋艳,杨焕文,等.有机肥对烤烟部分生理指标的影响[J].中国农学通报,2009,25(6):131-135.
[2]危跃,彭海峰,屠乃美,等.烟草肥效调控研究进展[J].作物研究,2008,22(05):480-485
[3]Maguire R O,Sims J T.Observations on leaching and subsurface transport of phosphorus on the Delmarva Peninsula[C].USA:International Phosphorus Transfer Workshop,2001,20-26.
[4]Alwyn Williamsa,Gunnar B?rjessonb,Katarina Hedlund.The effects of 55 years of different inorganic fertilizer regimes on soil properties and microbial community composition[J].Soil Biology&Biochemistry,2013,67:41-46.
[5]Kaiser M,Eller rock R H.Functional characterization of soil organic matter fractions different in solubility originating from a long-term field experiment[J].Gendarme,2005,127(2-4):196-206.
[6]刘睿,王正银,朱洪霞.中国有机肥料研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2007,23(01):310-313.
[7]Liu E,Teclemariam S G,Yan C et al.Long-term effects of no-tillage management practice on soil organic carbon and its fractions in the northern China[J].Geoderma,2014,213:379-384.
[8]Humberto Blanco-Canqui H,Lal.soil structure and organic carbon relationships following 10 years of wheat straw management in no-till[J].soil&.Tillage Research,2007.95(1-2):240-254.
[9]韩晓日,郑国砥,刘晓燕,等.有机肥与化肥配合施用土壤微生物量氮动态、来源和供氮特征[J].中国农业科学,2007,40(4):765-772.
[10]Kaiser M,Ellerbrock R H.Functional characterization of soil organic matter fractions different in solubility originating from a long-term field experiment[J].Geoderma,2005,127(2-4):196-206.
[11]刘雪琴,仝瑞建,石孝均,等.不同品种有机肥对烤烟产量和品质的影响[J].中国农学通报,2013,29(25):151-155.
[12]彭志良,黄元炯,刘顺国,等.不同有机肥对烟田土壤微生物以及烟叶品质和产量的影响[J],中国烟草学报,2009(02):41-45.
[13]Blake L,Goulding K W T,Mott C J B,et al.Changes in soil chemistry accompanying acidification over more than 100 years under woodland and grass at Roth Amsted Experimental Station UK[J].European Journal of Soil Science,1999,50:401-412.
[14]王立刚,李维炯,邱建军,等.生物有机肥对作物生长、土壤肥力及产量的效应研究[J].土壤肥料,2004(5):12-16.
[15]符云鹏,温玉转,王德华,等.不同肥料配施对香料烟燃烧性及质量的影响[J].中国烟草科学,2011,32(3):66-71.
[16]Hui J A,Ye Q S.Effects of elevated CO2 concentration on photosynthesis,growth and development of the bromeliad guzmania[J].Journal of Plant Ecology,,2008,32(2):424–430
[17]刘彦中,纪鹏,陈宗瑜.UV-B辐射滤减处理对烤烟光合特性的影响[J].中国烟草科学,2011,32(3):41-45.
[18]郭丽琢,张福锁,李春俭.打顶对烟草生长、钾素吸收及其分配的影响[J].应用生态学报,2002,13(7):819-822.
[19]金云峰,王莎莎,张建波,等.生长温度对不同生育期烟草叶片光合作用及质体色素代谢的影响[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(22):57-74.
[20]叶胜兰,徐福利,王渭玲,等.不同有机肥对黄土丘陵区梨枣生长、光合特性及果实品质的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2013,19(2):370-378.
[21]Paunescu AD.The influence of the mixed and organic fertilization on the soil biology yield and quality of Oriental tobacco[J].CORESTA,1997,(2):86.
[22]王晓娟,贾志宽,梁连友,等.不同有机肥量对旱地玉米光合特性和产量的影响[J].应用生态学报,2012,23(2):419-425.
[23]杨云高,王树林,刘国,等.生物有机肥对烤烟产质量及土壤改良的影响[J].中国烟草科学,2012,33(4):70-74.
[24]王铎,晋艳,杨焕文,等.有机肥对烤烟部分生理指标的影响[J].中国农学通报,2009,25(6):131-135.