积极和消极情绪与受艾滋病影响儿童的昼夜皮质醇节律:性别差异
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- 英文论文题名：Associations Between Positive and Negative Affect and Diurnal Cortisol Among Children Affected by Parental HIV/AIDS:Gender Differences
- 论文作者：陈丽华 ; 林丹华
- 英文论文作者：Lihua Chen ; Danhua Lin ; Institute of Developmental Psychology ; Beijing Normal University
- 年：2015
- 作者机构：北京师范大学发展心理研究所;
- 论文关键词：受艾滋病影响儿童 ; 积极情绪 ; 消极情绪 ; 皮质醇
- 英文论文关键词：Children affected by parental HIV/AIDS ; positive affect ; negative affect ; cortisol
- 会议召开时间：2015-10-16
- 会议录名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议摘要集——心理学与社会发展
- 英文会议录名称：Proceedings of the 18th National Academic Congress of Psychology
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：B844.1
- 学会代码：ZGXG
- 会议名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议
- 会议地点：中国天津
- 主办单位：中国心理学会
- 学会名称：中国心理学会
- 页数：2
- 文件大小：794k
- 原文格式：D
- 会议级别：全国
摘要
大量研究表明,相比于普通儿童,受艾滋病影响儿童(即父母感染艾滋病的儿童)会表现出多种心理社会适应问题。然而,几乎没有研究关注父母感染艾滋病这一应激源可能给儿童带来的生理影响。与早期应激经历密切相关的生理指标之一是皮质醇。皮质醇是人体的主要应激激素,下丘脑‐垂体‐肾上腺轴的最终产物。在诸多影响个体皮质醇节律的因素中,积极和消极情绪被证明与成年人的皮质醇分泌模式紧密相关,然而在儿童中这二者的关系尚不清楚。本研究将考察积极和消极情绪与受艾滋病影响儿童的昼夜皮质醇节律之间的关联。并考察这一关系是否存在男女差异。本研究对河南省645名(8‐15岁,335名男生)受艾滋病影响儿童进行研究,在主试人员和抚养人的协助下,要求被试提供连续3天,每天4次的唾液样本,并完成积极和消极情绪量表。同时,被试还完成了多个控制变量的测查。采用多层线性模型(HLM)对数据进行分析。结果发现:在控制了年龄、家庭社会经济地位、起床时间、睡眠质量、生活事件、父母是否去世、身体健康状况等因素后,(1)男生和女生均表现出预期的白天皮质醇下降趋势(ps<0.001),起床皮质醇水平较高,并在之后的一天中呈现下降趋势。(2)在男生中,积极和消极情绪均不能预测皮质醇分泌模式的指标(包括晨起皮质醇反应、晨起皮质醇水平和斜率)(ps>0.05)。(3)在女生中,消极情绪与较低的晨起皮质醇水平(p=0.004)和较平缓的皮质醇斜率(p=0.009)相关。积极情绪与较高的晨起皮质醇水平相关(p=0.027)。本研究结果表明,情绪因素对于理解儿童的生理应激反应非常重要。同时,情绪与皮质醇节律关系的性别差异表明,情绪因素只对女生存在影响,提示我们在未来的干预研究中要关注性别的特异性,发展更具针对性的干预方案。
A global literature suggests that children affected by parental HIV/AIDS may exhibit various psychological difficulties. However, less attention has been given to potential biological consequences for these children. One of the key biomarkers related to early-life adversity is cortisol, which is the body's primary stress hormone, produced by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal(HPA) axis. Positive and negative affect has been shown to be associated with cortisol patterns in adults, but less is known about children. This study examines the links between positive and negative affect and stress biomarker(diurnal cortisol patterns) among children affected by parental HIV/AIDS in China. A sample of 645 children(8-15 years old, 335 boys and 310 girls) affected by parental HIV/AIDS were recruited from a rural county in central China. With caregivers' help, the participants self-collected 4 saliva samples per day from Thursday morning through Saturday evening to assess diurnal cortisol patterns. Positive and negative affect during last six months was assessed via self-report prior to saliva collection by using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule(PANAS). Hierarchical linear modeling(HLM) was utilized to explore the associations among positive and negative affect and cortisol patterns. The results showed that:(1) Both boys and girls showed the expected significant diurnal slope(ps<.001), with higher levels in the morning and decline across the day.(2) In boys, neither positive nor negative affect was related to the cortisol parameters(CAR, wakeup cortisol, or diurnal slope)(ps >.05).(3) In girls, greater negative affect during last six months was associated with a flatter diurnal cortisol slope(less decline)(p=.009) and lower wakeup cortisol(p=.004). Positive affect was significantly related to higher wakeup cortisol(p=.027). These findings indicate the importance of a child's emotional factors in understanding biological stress response of HIV-related adversity. The findings that negative affect was associated with both flatter diurnal cortisol slope and lower wakeup cortisol among girls indicates gender-specific interventions may be warranted for HIV affected children.
A global literature suggests that children affected by parental HIV/AIDS may exhibit various psychological difficulties. However, less attention has been given to potential biological consequences for these children. One of the key biomarkers related to early-life adversity is cortisol, which is the body's primary stress hormone, produced by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal(HPA) axis. Positive and negative affect has been shown to be associated with cortisol patterns in adults, but less is known about children. This study examines the links between positive and negative affect and stress biomarker(diurnal cortisol patterns) among children affected by parental HIV/AIDS in China. A sample of 645 children(8-15 years old, 335 boys and 310 girls) affected by parental HIV/AIDS were recruited from a rural county in central China. With caregivers' help, the participants self-collected 4 saliva samples per day from Thursday morning through Saturday evening to assess diurnal cortisol patterns. Positive and negative affect during last six months was assessed via self-report prior to saliva collection by using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule(PANAS). Hierarchical linear modeling(HLM) was utilized to explore the associations among positive and negative affect and cortisol patterns. The results showed that:(1) Both boys and girls showed the expected significant diurnal slope(ps<.001), with higher levels in the morning and decline across the day.(2) In boys, neither positive nor negative affect was related to the cortisol parameters(CAR, wakeup cortisol, or diurnal slope)(ps >.05).(3) In girls, greater negative affect during last six months was associated with a flatter diurnal cortisol slope(less decline)(p=.009) and lower wakeup cortisol(p=.004). Positive affect was significantly related to higher wakeup cortisol(p=.027). These findings indicate the importance of a child's emotional factors in understanding biological stress response of HIV-related adversity. The findings that negative affect was associated with both flatter diurnal cortisol slope and lower wakeup cortisol among girls indicates gender-specific interventions may be warranted for HIV affected children.
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