生物质转化面临的几个挑战及对策建议
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- 英文论文题名：Facing several challenges in biomass conversion
- 论文作者：胡常伟
- 英文论文作者：Changwei Hu ; Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology ; MOE ; College of Chemistry ; Sichuan University
- 年：2016
- 作者机构：四川大学化学学院绿色化学与技术教育部重点实验室;
- 论文关键词：生物质 ; 化学转化 ; 挑战 ; 对策建议
- 会议召开时间：2016-07-01
- 会议录名称：中国化学会第30届学术年会摘要集-第三十三分会：绿色化学
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：TK6
- 学会代码：ZGHY
- 会议名称：中国化学会第30届学术年会-第三十三分会 ; 绿色化学
- 会议地点：中国辽宁大连
- 主办单位：中国化学会
- 学会名称：中国化学会
- 页数：1
- 文件大小：144k
- 原文格式：D
- 会议级别：全国
摘要
迫于资源和环境的双重挑战,研究以可再生的生物质资源作为原料、高效制备能源和化学品受到高度关注。生物质原料具有与传统化工原料不同的特点:生物质几乎不导热、不导电;生物质处于固态且相不均匀;生物质由复杂的大分子通过复杂相互作用构成;生物质含氧量高等。这些特性使得在生物质转化利用研究中遇到如下挑战:多尺度的复杂性及其衍生的新的化学反应类型;各相都不均一、且具多相性的特点,需要新的加工处理过程;原料是不同聚合度的聚合物构成的混合物,需要高选择性转化为小分子化合物;降低生物质中高的氧含量等。因此,为实现生物质合理有效利用,高选择性获得目前工业和日常生活可使用的小分子化合物,在生物质转化利用研究中应注重如下几个方面的突破:聚合物高选择性解聚反应研究;脱氧反应研究;阻聚反应研究和新型聚合反应的利用研究;尤其是生物质各主要组分分子间化学键的选择性断裂研究和分子内C-O、C-C键的选择性断裂研究等。
The pression of both resource shortage and environment pollution makes one to explore the use of renewable biomass to produce energy and chemical products. Because of the special characteristics such as no conductivity for heat and electricity, being solid, complexity in composition and structure, and high oxygen content, several challenges such as multi-scale complexity, multiphase character, conversion from complex polymer or oligomers to monomer target products, and deoxygenation, obstruct the effective use of raw biomass as starting material for energy and chemical production. To overcome these obstacles, the following researches should be focused: selective depolymerization, deoxygenation, the inhibition and use of polymerization, especially, the breakage of intermolecular bonds between the main components(hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin) and intra-C-C, C-O bond in each component.
The pression of both resource shortage and environment pollution makes one to explore the use of renewable biomass to produce energy and chemical products. Because of the special characteristics such as no conductivity for heat and electricity, being solid, complexity in composition and structure, and high oxygen content, several challenges such as multi-scale complexity, multiphase character, conversion from complex polymer or oligomers to monomer target products, and deoxygenation, obstruct the effective use of raw biomass as starting material for energy and chemical production. To overcome these obstacles, the following researches should be focused: selective depolymerization, deoxygenation, the inhibition and use of polymerization, especially, the breakage of intermolecular bonds between the main components(hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin) and intra-C-C, C-O bond in each component.
引文
[1]M.S.Mettler,et al,Energy Environ.Sci.,2012,5,7797.
[2]P.Bruijnincx&B.Weckhuysen,Nature Chemistry,2014,6,1035
[2]P.Bruijnincx&B.Weckhuysen,Nature Chemistry,2014,6,1035