非洲新闻媒体涉华报道的特点分析——以全非网所载新闻为样本
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- 英文论文题名：The Analysis of African News Media’s Coverage on China:Based on the News Samples From AllAfrica
- 论文作者：吴文彬
- 英文论文作者：Wu Wenbin
- 年：2016
- 作者机构：浙江师范大学非洲研究院;
- 论文关键词：非洲 ; 媒体 ; 全非网 ; 中非关系 ; 中国形象
- 英文论文关键词：Africa ; Media ; AllAfrica ; Sino-Africa relation ; China's image
- 会议召开时间：2016-12-01
- 会议录名称：非洲研究2016年第2卷（总第9卷）
- 英文会议录名称：African Studies(No.2,2016,Vol.9)
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：D822.34
- 学会代码：ZDFZ
- 学会名称：浙江师范大学非洲研究院
- 页数：17
- 文件大小：1181k
- 原文格式：O
- 会议级别：全国
摘要
近年来,随着中非关系的不断深化,中国在非洲的舆情研究逐渐得到学界的重视。本文通过全非网这一新闻聚合网站,来研究非洲新闻媒体涉华报道的重点和态度倾向这两个问题。研究发现:在新闻议题上,非洲新闻媒体对于中非经济、政治新闻较为关注,对于中非社会文化和中国国情方面的新闻关注较少;在新闻态度上,非洲新闻媒体涉华报道以中性报道为主、正面报道多于负面报道,其中,正面报道主要来自中国对非援助、中非政治关系、中国发展经验等方面,负面报道主要来自劳资关系、中国劳工、廉价商品冲击、破坏生态环境等方面。对此,我们在改善中国形象、促进非洲民众对华认知方面,需要注意以下两点:第一,规范中国企业和华人在非行为;第二,加强中非新闻媒体的交流与合作。
In recent years,with the development of Sino-African relations,the public opinions about China in Africa have gradually drew the attention of the Chinese academic.The paper tries to analyze the focus and attitude of African news media's coverage on China based on the news samples from AHAfrica,a famous news aggregation website in Africa.The research finds that firstly,on the news contents,most reports focus on economics and politics between China and Africa,while the reports on Social and cultural relations between China and Africa or China's national conditions are comparatively fewer.Secondly,on the news attitude,most reports are of neutrality,and the number of positive reports is more than the negative ones;among all the reports,the positive ones are mostly related to the contents like China's aids to Africa,Sino-Africa political relations and Chinese development experiences;while the negative ones are mainly talking about issues like labor-capital relationship,Chinese workers,the strike caused by Chinese cheap commodities and destroying the ecological environment.In order to improve China's image in Africa's media environment,it is necessary to regulate the behavior of Chinese companies and citizens in Africa,strengthen the exchanges and cooperation between Chinese and African news media.
In recent years,with the development of Sino-African relations,the public opinions about China in Africa have gradually drew the attention of the Chinese academic.The paper tries to analyze the focus and attitude of African news media's coverage on China based on the news samples from AHAfrica,a famous news aggregation website in Africa.The research finds that firstly,on the news contents,most reports focus on economics and politics between China and Africa,while the reports on Social and cultural relations between China and Africa or China's national conditions are comparatively fewer.Secondly,on the news attitude,most reports are of neutrality,and the number of positive reports is more than the negative ones;among all the reports,the positive ones are mostly related to the contents like China's aids to Africa,Sino-Africa political relations and Chinese development experiences;while the negative ones are mainly talking about issues like labor-capital relationship,Chinese workers,the strike caused by Chinese cheap commodities and destroying the ecological environment.In order to improve China's image in Africa's media environment,it is necessary to regulate the behavior of Chinese companies and citizens in Africa,strengthen the exchanges and cooperation between Chinese and African news media.
引文
(1)AllAfrica,http://allafrica.com/.Accessed 2015-09-25.
(1)全非网的信息来源分为三类:第一类,非洲大陆的新闻媒体机构,这些新闻媒体机构来自不同的国家、不同的所有者,其中既包括政府控制的新闻媒体机构、又包括反对派控制的新闻媒体机构以及独立运营的新闻媒体机构;第二类,全非网,全非网本身也通过自己的记者团队采编新闻;第三类,非洲大陆以外的组织机构,全非网也会少量转载来自西方新闻媒体、域外国际组织、中非合作论坛等机构发布的涉非新闻。有关全非网详细的信息来源请参见:http://allafrica.com/list/publisher/editorial/editorial/type/pub.html。
(1)中国对非援助往往由政府主导,涉及经济、医疗、教育、农业等众多领域,十分复杂;加之样本选取时段内正值西非大规模爆发埃博拉疫情,中国政府提供了大量医疗援助,非洲新闻媒体对于中国医疗援助的报道相比于往年有大幅增加,为特殊情况。基于以上考虑,本文将对非援助新闻单独列为一类加以分析。
(1)刘鸿武:《非洲文化与当代发展》,人民出版社2014年版,第310页。
(1)相关数据参见黄梅波、范修礼《中非经贸关系:现状、问题与对策》,载《国际经济合作》2009年第10期,第14页;樊少华《非洲学者视阈中的中非经贸关系》,载《当代世界》2015年第2期,第53页。
(2)Masembe Tambwe,"Govt Urges China to Increase Investments in Tanzania",Tanzania Dai ly News,August 22,2014,http://allafrica.com/stories/201408220469.html.Accessed 2015-9-27;"Uganda Wants More Chinese Investment",East African Business Week,February 22,2015,http://allafrica.com/stories/201502240080,html Accessed 2015-9-27;Etuna Shikalepo,"Na mibia Looking for Chinese Investors",The Namibian,September 11,2014,http://allafrica.com/stories/201409111178.html.Accessed 2015-09-27.
(1)刘鸿武:《变革世界中非洲的崛起及其面临的挑战:2013—2014年度非洲地区局势的总体评估》,载刘鸿武主编《非洲地区发展报告(2013—2014)》,中国社会科学出版社2014年版,第13—14页。
(1)相关研究参见谢秦川《多元媒介上的中国在非洲形象及公共关系策略研究》,上海外国语大学硕士学位论文,2013年;皮磊《西方媒体视角下的中非经贸关系与中国国家形象塑造》,河北大学硕士学位论文,2012年。
(2)沙伯力、严海蓉:《非洲人对于中非关系的认知》(上),载《西亚非洲》2010年第8期,第69页。
(1)中华人民共和国外交部:《王毅:中国援非抗击埃博拉创我国对外援助多项之最》,载环球网,2015年1月12日,http://world.huanqiu.com/article/2015-01/5381552.html.访问时间:2015-09-30。
(2)"China Donates Five Million Assorted Medical Supplies",The News,16 April 16,2015,http://allafrica.com/stories/201504161755.htmL Accessed 2015-09-30.
(1)"China Has Shown Way in Fighting Ebola",Tanzania Daily News,November 8,2014,http://allafrica.com/stories/201411100241.html.Accessed 2015-09-30.
(2)Alus E.Sesay,"Chinese Medical Team Meets Ebola Survivors",Concord Times,March13,2015,http://allafrica.com/stories/201503131534,html.Accessed 2015-09-30.
(3)Alpha Nuhu,"Tanzania Should Maximise Relationship With China",Tanzania Daily News,October 29,2014,http://allafrica.com/stories/201410290347,html.Accessed 2015-09-30.
(4)"Angolan President Wants to Strengthen Relationship With China",Angola Press,June 9,2015,http://allafrica.com/stories/201506100101.html.Accessed 2015-09-30.
(5)"China-an All-Weather Friend Indeed",The Times of Zambia,September 2,2014,http://allafrica.com/stories/201409030488.html.Accessed 2015-9-30.
(1)Dumisani Muleya,"Mugabe Must Learn From China",Zimbabwe Independent,August 29,2014,http://allafrica.com/stories/201408291285.html.Accessed 2015-10-02.
(2)Prosper Chitambara,"Lessons Drawn From China",Zimbabwe Independent,June 5,2015,http://allafrica.com/stories/201506051356.html.Accessed 2015-10-02.
(1)"Chinese Company Suspends Nam Workers",The Namibian,September 25,2014,ht tp://allafrica.com/stories/201409250910.html.Accessed 2015-10-02.
(2)Albertina Nakale,"Chinese Company Losing Heavily During Strike",New Era,November20,2014,http://allafrica.com/stories/201411200891.html.Accessed 2015-10-02.
(3)"Employees Go-Slow At China Union",The New Dawn,May 8,2015,http://allafri ca.com/stories/201505080532.html.Accessed 2015-10-02.
(1)Maria Macharia,"Kenyans Irate Over'Importation'of Labour From China",CAJ News Agency,August 7,2014,http://allafrica.com/stories/201408071171.html.Accessed 2015-10-03.
(2)Bettie Johnson,"Liberian Businesses Struggling to Compete With Chinese Locally",Front Page Africa,May 7,2015,http://allafrica.com/stories/201505070958.html Accessed 2015-10-3.
(3)"DTA Will Deport Unskilled Chinese",New Era,November 11,2014,http://allafri ca.com/stories/201411111040.html.Accessed 2015-10-03.
(4)Ismail Mudashir,Haruna Yaya,"In Kano,Textile Traders Lament the Chinese",Daily Trust,November 9,2014,http://allafrica.com/stories/201411102023.html Accessed 2015-10-03.
(1)Murtala Muhammed,"Kano Residents Protest Presence of Chinese Textiles in Their Mar ket",The Guardian,May 14,2015,http://allafrica.com/stories/201505140538.html.Accessed2015-10-03.
(2)John Muchangi,"Inside China Where Smuggled Ivory Meets Second Death",The Star,February 24,2015,http://allafrica.com/stories/201502240838.html.Accessed 2015-10-04.
(3)Yunia Amunga,"Chinese Ivory Traders Find Haven Online",Capital FM,March 3,2015,http://allafrica.com/stories/201503031450.html.Accessed 2015-10-04.
(4)李安山:《为中国正名:中国的非洲战略与国家形象》,载《世界经济与政治》2008年第4期,第8页。
(1)中国政府:《中国对非洲政策文件》,2015年,第20页。
(2)吴传华:《中国在非洲的舆论环境及非洲媒体对中非关系发展的影响——以尼日利亚为例》,载《亚非纵横》2012年第4期,第11页。
(1)全非网的信息来源分为三类:第一类,非洲大陆的新闻媒体机构,这些新闻媒体机构来自不同的国家、不同的所有者,其中既包括政府控制的新闻媒体机构、又包括反对派控制的新闻媒体机构以及独立运营的新闻媒体机构;第二类,全非网,全非网本身也通过自己的记者团队采编新闻;第三类,非洲大陆以外的组织机构,全非网也会少量转载来自西方新闻媒体、域外国际组织、中非合作论坛等机构发布的涉非新闻。有关全非网详细的信息来源请参见:http://allafrica.com/list/publisher/editorial/editorial/type/pub.html。
(1)中国对非援助往往由政府主导,涉及经济、医疗、教育、农业等众多领域,十分复杂;加之样本选取时段内正值西非大规模爆发埃博拉疫情,中国政府提供了大量医疗援助,非洲新闻媒体对于中国医疗援助的报道相比于往年有大幅增加,为特殊情况。基于以上考虑,本文将对非援助新闻单独列为一类加以分析。
(1)刘鸿武:《非洲文化与当代发展》,人民出版社2014年版,第310页。
(1)相关数据参见黄梅波、范修礼《中非经贸关系:现状、问题与对策》,载《国际经济合作》2009年第10期,第14页;樊少华《非洲学者视阈中的中非经贸关系》,载《当代世界》2015年第2期,第53页。
(2)Masembe Tambwe,"Govt Urges China to Increase Investments in Tanzania",Tanzania Dai ly News,August 22,2014,http://allafrica.com/stories/201408220469.html.Accessed 2015-9-27;"Uganda Wants More Chinese Investment",East African Business Week,February 22,2015,http://allafrica.com/stories/201502240080,html Accessed 2015-9-27;Etuna Shikalepo,"Na mibia Looking for Chinese Investors",The Namibian,September 11,2014,http://allafrica.com/stories/201409111178.html.Accessed 2015-09-27.
(1)刘鸿武:《变革世界中非洲的崛起及其面临的挑战:2013—2014年度非洲地区局势的总体评估》,载刘鸿武主编《非洲地区发展报告(2013—2014)》,中国社会科学出版社2014年版,第13—14页。
(1)相关研究参见谢秦川《多元媒介上的中国在非洲形象及公共关系策略研究》,上海外国语大学硕士学位论文,2013年;皮磊《西方媒体视角下的中非经贸关系与中国国家形象塑造》,河北大学硕士学位论文,2012年。
(2)沙伯力、严海蓉:《非洲人对于中非关系的认知》(上),载《西亚非洲》2010年第8期,第69页。
(1)中华人民共和国外交部:《王毅:中国援非抗击埃博拉创我国对外援助多项之最》,载环球网,2015年1月12日,http://world.huanqiu.com/article/2015-01/5381552.html.访问时间:2015-09-30。
(2)"China Donates Five Million Assorted Medical Supplies",The News,16 April 16,2015,http://allafrica.com/stories/201504161755.htmL Accessed 2015-09-30.
(1)"China Has Shown Way in Fighting Ebola",Tanzania Daily News,November 8,2014,http://allafrica.com/stories/201411100241.html.Accessed 2015-09-30.
(2)Alus E.Sesay,"Chinese Medical Team Meets Ebola Survivors",Concord Times,March13,2015,http://allafrica.com/stories/201503131534,html.Accessed 2015-09-30.
(3)Alpha Nuhu,"Tanzania Should Maximise Relationship With China",Tanzania Daily News,October 29,2014,http://allafrica.com/stories/201410290347,html.Accessed 2015-09-30.
(4)"Angolan President Wants to Strengthen Relationship With China",Angola Press,June 9,2015,http://allafrica.com/stories/201506100101.html.Accessed 2015-09-30.
(5)"China-an All-Weather Friend Indeed",The Times of Zambia,September 2,2014,http://allafrica.com/stories/201409030488.html.Accessed 2015-9-30.
(1)Dumisani Muleya,"Mugabe Must Learn From China",Zimbabwe Independent,August 29,2014,http://allafrica.com/stories/201408291285.html.Accessed 2015-10-02.
(2)Prosper Chitambara,"Lessons Drawn From China",Zimbabwe Independent,June 5,2015,http://allafrica.com/stories/201506051356.html.Accessed 2015-10-02.
(1)"Chinese Company Suspends Nam Workers",The Namibian,September 25,2014,ht tp://allafrica.com/stories/201409250910.html.Accessed 2015-10-02.
(2)Albertina Nakale,"Chinese Company Losing Heavily During Strike",New Era,November20,2014,http://allafrica.com/stories/201411200891.html.Accessed 2015-10-02.
(3)"Employees Go-Slow At China Union",The New Dawn,May 8,2015,http://allafri ca.com/stories/201505080532.html.Accessed 2015-10-02.
(1)Maria Macharia,"Kenyans Irate Over'Importation'of Labour From China",CAJ News Agency,August 7,2014,http://allafrica.com/stories/201408071171.html.Accessed 2015-10-03.
(2)Bettie Johnson,"Liberian Businesses Struggling to Compete With Chinese Locally",Front Page Africa,May 7,2015,http://allafrica.com/stories/201505070958.html Accessed 2015-10-3.
(3)"DTA Will Deport Unskilled Chinese",New Era,November 11,2014,http://allafri ca.com/stories/201411111040.html.Accessed 2015-10-03.
(4)Ismail Mudashir,Haruna Yaya,"In Kano,Textile Traders Lament the Chinese",Daily Trust,November 9,2014,http://allafrica.com/stories/201411102023.html Accessed 2015-10-03.
(1)Murtala Muhammed,"Kano Residents Protest Presence of Chinese Textiles in Their Mar ket",The Guardian,May 14,2015,http://allafrica.com/stories/201505140538.html.Accessed2015-10-03.
(2)John Muchangi,"Inside China Where Smuggled Ivory Meets Second Death",The Star,February 24,2015,http://allafrica.com/stories/201502240838.html.Accessed 2015-10-04.
(3)Yunia Amunga,"Chinese Ivory Traders Find Haven Online",Capital FM,March 3,2015,http://allafrica.com/stories/201503031450.html.Accessed 2015-10-04.
(4)李安山:《为中国正名:中国的非洲战略与国家形象》,载《世界经济与政治》2008年第4期,第8页。
(1)中国政府:《中国对非洲政策文件》,2015年,第20页。
(2)吴传华:《中国在非洲的舆论环境及非洲媒体对中非关系发展的影响——以尼日利亚为例》,载《亚非纵横》2012年第4期,第11页。