南京大气PM_(2.5)中重金属形态分布及健康风险
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摘要
城市大气重金属污染是我国面临的重要环境议题。以长三角典型城市——南京为例,分析雾霾和晴朗天气下PM2.5中重金属的化学形态、生物可利用性及健康风险。结果显示:PM2.5浓度、大部分重金属浓度及富集因子在冬季雾霾天气下显著高于夏、秋晴朗天气。Cd、Mo、Pb、Zn、Cu、As、Ni和Cr的富集程度和生物可利用性均较高,需重点关注。夏季高温天气有可能通过促进颗粒物中SO2向SO_4~(2-)的化学转化而增加重金属的生物可利用性。PM2.5中重金属的总致癌风险(CR)高于10-6,而无明显非致癌风险(HI<1)。
引文
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[3]Tessier,A.,Campbell,P.G.C,Bisson,M.,1979.Sequential extraction procedure for the speciation of particulate trace metals.Anal.Chem.51(7),844-851.
[4]Li,H.M.,Wang,Q.G.,Qian,X.,et al.,2016.Fractionation of airborne particulate-bound elements in haze-fog episode and associated health risks in a megacity of southeast China.Environ.Pollut.208,655–662.
[5]Wang,Q.Q.,Huang,X.H.H.,Zhang,T.,et al.,2015.Organic tracer-based source analysis of PM2.5 organic and elemental carbon:a case study at Dongguan in the Pearl River Delta,China.Atmos.Environ.118,164–175.
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[7]US EPA,2013.User's Guide/technical Background Document for US EPA Region 9's RSL(Regional Screening Levels)Tables.
[8]Taner,S.,Pekey,B.,Pekey,H.,2013.Fine particulate matter in the indoor air of barbeque restaurants:elemental compositions,sources and health risks.Sci.Total Environ.454-455,79-87.
[9]US EPA,2014.Positive Matrix Factorization(PMF)5.0 Fundamentals&User Guide.Office of Research and Development.
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