利己还是利他:一项大学生价值取向的调查
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- 英文论文题名：Egoism or Altruism:A Survey of College Students' Values
- 论文作者：谈壮壮 ; 胡超异 ; 卢家楣
- 英文论文作者：Tan Zhuangzhuang ; Hu Chaoyi ; Lu Jiamei ; Shanghai Normal University
- 年：2015
- 作者机构：上海师范大学教育学院;
- 论文关键词：价值取向 ; 大学生 ; 利己-利他 ; 语义认同度 ; 问卷调查
- 英文论文关键词：value orientation ; college students ; egoism-altruism ; semantic identity ; questionnaire survey
- 会议召开时间：2015-10-16
- 会议录名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议摘要集——心理学与社会发展
- 英文会议录名称：Proceedings of the 18th National Academic Congress of Psychology
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：B844.2
- 学会代码：ZGXG
- 会议名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议
- 会议地点：中国天津
- 主办单位：中国心理学会
- 学会名称：中国心理学会
- 页数：1
- 文件大小：796k
- 原文格式：D
- 会议级别：全国
摘要
研究以Kluckhohn的价值取向模型为理论基础,选取长三角地区15所高校的2404名大学生作为样本,使用自编"利己‐利他语义认同度问卷"对大学生的价值取向进行调查。具体条目编制采取语义认同的方法,即:选取我国传统文化中体现利己价值取向或利他价值取向的经典古诗词、谚语共40句,请4位心理学博士按利己、利他的语义程度进行等级评定,选择16句话进入问卷。调查时,请被调查者从"完全不赞同"到"完全赞同"对16个语句进行1‐6点评分。本研究采用语义认同度调查方式,对语义的认同虽属间接测量,但通过语义的投射能更真实地体现当代大学生的内在价值取向。结果显示:由12个条目组成的利己‐利他语义认同问卷包含利己和利他两个维度,总问卷的Cronbach'sα系数为0.752,说明问卷具有良好的信度;问卷假设模型的χ2/df、RMSEA良好,CFI、GFI、NNFI和AGFI等各项拟合度指标均大于0.90,表明了实际数据与理论构想的拟合情况达到了比较满意的水平。最终结果显示,大学生的利他主义价值取向占主导地位,且女生的利他价值取向优于男生。此外大学生的价值取向在年级、家庭来源地等人口学变量上存在显著差异,三年级的大学生利他主义价值取向最低,是价值取向定型的关键时期,来自城市大学生利己主义价值取向高于来自农村和小城镇的大学生。而在专业大类、学校类型和是否独生子女差异不显著。
In order to investigate the situation of college students' mainstream value orientation and its effect factors.we use self-made "egoism- altruism semantic identity questionnaire" investigate 2404 college students from 15 college of the Yangtze river. Namely pick up 40 traditional classic poems or proverbs, which reflects egoism or altruistic value orientation, select 16 words into the questionnaire. According to the degree of semantic egoism and altruism,which is grade by 4 psychology PHD students. The questionnaire consisted of 16 items which were scored along six-point Likert scale from "completely disagree" to "completely agree". Although this study adopts semantic perception survey method of indirect measurement, by semantic projection can more truly reflect the intrinsic value orientation of contemporary college students, and thanks to six-point Likert scale, we can get attitude of the participants clearly. Results showed that the egoism- altruism semantic identity questionnaire consists of 12 items contains two dimensions namely egoism and altruism. The total questionnaire Cronbach' s α is 0.752, shows that the questionnaire has good reliability; Hypothesis model's χ2/df, RMSEA is good, CFI, GFI, NNFI and AGFI fitting each index all greater than 0.90, shows the fitting of actual data and theoretical conception reached a satisfactory level.The results of college students' value orientation of altruism scored an average of 5.03 points, reached to "almost agree" level, thus support altruistic value orientation dominant in college students' value orientation, as to gender difference, female's altruistic value orientation is higher than male. In addition, the value orientation of college students in grade, and family source has significant differences, junior students get the lowest score in altruism value orientation,in other words,grade three is a key period in value orientation formation. Students from downtown score higher in egoism than students from rural areas and small towns while there is not significant differences in professional categories, types of schools or whether the he or she is the only child in family.
In order to investigate the situation of college students' mainstream value orientation and its effect factors.we use self-made "egoism- altruism semantic identity questionnaire" investigate 2404 college students from 15 college of the Yangtze river. Namely pick up 40 traditional classic poems or proverbs, which reflects egoism or altruistic value orientation, select 16 words into the questionnaire. According to the degree of semantic egoism and altruism,which is grade by 4 psychology PHD students. The questionnaire consisted of 16 items which were scored along six-point Likert scale from "completely disagree" to "completely agree". Although this study adopts semantic perception survey method of indirect measurement, by semantic projection can more truly reflect the intrinsic value orientation of contemporary college students, and thanks to six-point Likert scale, we can get attitude of the participants clearly. Results showed that the egoism- altruism semantic identity questionnaire consists of 12 items contains two dimensions namely egoism and altruism. The total questionnaire Cronbach' s α is 0.752, shows that the questionnaire has good reliability; Hypothesis model's χ2/df, RMSEA is good, CFI, GFI, NNFI and AGFI fitting each index all greater than 0.90, shows the fitting of actual data and theoretical conception reached a satisfactory level.The results of college students' value orientation of altruism scored an average of 5.03 points, reached to "almost agree" level, thus support altruistic value orientation dominant in college students' value orientation, as to gender difference, female's altruistic value orientation is higher than male. In addition, the value orientation of college students in grade, and family source has significant differences, junior students get the lowest score in altruism value orientation,in other words,grade three is a key period in value orientation formation. Students from downtown score higher in egoism than students from rural areas and small towns while there is not significant differences in professional categories, types of schools or whether the he or she is the only child in family.
引文
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