中国古代旅游研究综述
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摘要
20世纪30年代以来,关于中国古代旅游研究的成果陆续出现,目前尚无有关研究的全面综述。该文分别对早期中国古代旅游研究以及中国古代旅游文学、旅游史、旅游文化、旅游地理与旅游经济研究现状做了概要梳理,并以中国知网期刊论文为数据来源进行统计分析,认为1997年以后中国古代旅游研究有所发展,现有成果的研究重点分别为中国古代以及明清、唐宋旅游,长江中下游地区旅游,旅游史、旅游文化与旅游文学。基于以上梳理与分析,研究认为中国古代旅游研究的进一步发展需要突破视域、理论、方法以及实用性评价标准的局限。
Tourism has a long history in China and an extensive number of tourism literature is available. Studying ancient literature can help to understand the tourism culture of China. Since the1930 s, researchers have started to study ancient China's tourism, but to date there has been no comprehensive review of such studies. Based on a statistical analysis of relevant tourism literature, this paper provides an essential introduction to the early tourism research of ancient China, as well as to the research status of extant travel literature focusing on the history of tourism, tourism culture, tourism geography, and the tourism economy of ancient China. Many of the early tourism studies by scholars such as JIANG Shaoyuan and LI Jinxi are problematic because they haven't provided a clear conceptualization of the tourism industry and have inaccurately equated travel with tourism. After the late 1980 s, the studies of tourism literature began to be undertaken from the perspective of tourism, instead of from the perspective of literature. This group of studies focuses mainly on three aspects: the history of the tourism development,by such scholars like LIU Deqian, ZHANG Shangzheng, and so on; the relationship between tourism and literature, by scholars like TANG GuiRen, YAN Youbing, and so on; and the aesthetic characteristics of tourism literature, by scholars like XIA Taisheng, HUANG Bin, and so on.Since the late 1990 s, studies on Chinese tourism history have been substantiated in three aspects:the background of tourism and phenomena of tourism development; research content refinement, which includes study of the periodic history of tourism, local and regional histories, and of special history; and specific research methodologies. The scholars who study tourism history include Wang Shuliang, Xie Gui'an, Wang Fuxin, and so on. The current research on Chinese ancient tourism culture mainly focuses on tourism history, but these studies often lack of the understanding of connotations and relate concept of"tourism culture". Some scholars, such as WU Bihu and WEI Xiangdong, use quantitative analysis to analyze tourist behavior within the context of time and space from the perspective of tourism geography. This helps to improve the empirical level of ancient Chinese tourism research.Although ancient Chinese tourism did not develop into an industry, some scholars have discussed the problems of tourism consumption and tourism planning in the ancient tourism economy. This paper uses articles retrieved from CNKI database as data source for statistical analysis. It was found that the study of ancient Chinese tourism has developed rapidly after 1997. The results also indicate that the tourism of"ancient China", the tourism of the Ming, Qing, Tang and Song Dynasties, focused on tourism in the Yangtze River region, as well as on the history of tourism, tourism culture and tourism literature. Based on the abovementioned introduction and analysis, it is suggested that future research should break through the existing limitations to achieve further success.
Tourism has a long history in China and an extensive number of tourism literature is available. Studying ancient literature can help to understand the tourism culture of China. Since the1930 s, researchers have started to study ancient China's tourism, but to date there has been no comprehensive review of such studies. Based on a statistical analysis of relevant tourism literature, this paper provides an essential introduction to the early tourism research of ancient China, as well as to the research status of extant travel literature focusing on the history of tourism, tourism culture, tourism geography, and the tourism economy of ancient China. Many of the early tourism studies by scholars such as JIANG Shaoyuan and LI Jinxi are problematic because they haven't provided a clear conceptualization of the tourism industry and have inaccurately equated travel with tourism. After the late 1980 s, the studies of tourism literature began to be undertaken from the perspective of tourism, instead of from the perspective of literature. This group of studies focuses mainly on three aspects: the history of the tourism development,by such scholars like LIU Deqian, ZHANG Shangzheng, and so on; the relationship between tourism and literature, by scholars like TANG GuiRen, YAN Youbing, and so on; and the aesthetic characteristics of tourism literature, by scholars like XIA Taisheng, HUANG Bin, and so on.Since the late 1990 s, studies on Chinese tourism history have been substantiated in three aspects:the background of tourism and phenomena of tourism development; research content refinement, which includes study of the periodic history of tourism, local and regional histories, and of special history; and specific research methodologies. The scholars who study tourism history include Wang Shuliang, Xie Gui'an, Wang Fuxin, and so on. The current research on Chinese ancient tourism culture mainly focuses on tourism history, but these studies often lack of the understanding of connotations and relate concept of"tourism culture". Some scholars, such as WU Bihu and WEI Xiangdong, use quantitative analysis to analyze tourist behavior within the context of time and space from the perspective of tourism geography. This helps to improve the empirical level of ancient Chinese tourism research.Although ancient Chinese tourism did not develop into an industry, some scholars have discussed the problems of tourism consumption and tourism planning in the ancient tourism economy. This paper uses articles retrieved from CNKI database as data source for statistical analysis. It was found that the study of ancient Chinese tourism has developed rapidly after 1997. The results also indicate that the tourism of"ancient China", the tourism of the Ming, Qing, Tang and Song Dynasties, focused on tourism in the Yangtze River region, as well as on the history of tourism, tourism culture and tourism literature. Based on the abovementioned introduction and analysis, it is suggested that future research should break through the existing limitations to achieve further success.
引文
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