基于J-C模型的45钢本构参数识别及验证
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摘要
使用万能材料试验机、霍普金森拉杆(SHTB)和Taylor撞击试验研究了调质处理的45钢在常温～1 000℃、应变率10~(-4)～10~3 s~(-1)下的力学行为。拟合试验数据,结合Taylor撞击试验反算,得到了J-C本构相关参数和C-L断裂准则的模型参数。通过对高速下Taylor撞击试验中弹体变形和断裂的数值仿真与试验结果的比较,验证了模型及参数对预测调质处理的45钢动态大变形和断裂的有效性。
The mechanical behaviors of tempered 45 steel were investigated using a universal material testing machine, a split Hopkinson tension bar(SHTB) and Taylor impact tests within the temperature range of normal temperature —1 000 °C and the strain rate range of 10~(-4)—10~3 s~(-1). The model parameters for J-C constitutive model and C-L fracture criterion were obtained through fitting the test data and inverse calculation combining with Taylor impact tests. Through comparing specimens' deformations and fractures in Taylor impact tests under high velocity and the corresponding numerical simulation results, the effectiveness of models and their parameters was verified for predicting tempered 45 steel's dynamic large deformation and fracture.
The mechanical behaviors of tempered 45 steel were investigated using a universal material testing machine, a split Hopkinson tension bar(SHTB) and Taylor impact tests within the temperature range of normal temperature —1 000 °C and the strain rate range of 10~(-4)—10~3 s~(-1). The model parameters for J-C constitutive model and C-L fracture criterion were obtained through fitting the test data and inverse calculation combining with Taylor impact tests. Through comparing specimens' deformations and fractures in Taylor impact tests under high velocity and the corresponding numerical simulation results, the effectiveness of models and their parameters was verified for predicting tempered 45 steel's dynamic large deformation and fracture.
引文
[1] 张伟, 魏刚, 肖新科. 2A12铝合金本构关系和失效模型[J]. 兵工学报, 2013, 34(3):276-282. ZHANG Wei, WEI Gang, XIAO Xinke. Constitutive relation and fracture criterion of 2A12 aluminum alloy[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2013, 34(3): 276-282.
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[13] JOHNSON G R, COOK W H. Fracture characteristics of three metals subjected to various strains, strain rates, temperatures and pressures[J]. Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 1985, 21(1):31-48.
[14] TENG X, WIERZBICKI T. Effect of fracture criteria on high velocity perforation of thin beams[J]. International Journal of Computational Methods, 2004, 1(1):171-200.
[15] ZHANG W, WEI G, XIAO X K, et al. Effect of fracture criteria on Taylor impact fracture[J]. Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology, 2013, 20(1):63-67.
[16] COCKROFT M G, LATHAM D J. Ductility and the workability of metals[J]. Journal of the Institute of Metals, 1968, 96:33-39.
[17] 张伟, 肖新科, 魏刚. 7A04铝合金的本构关系和失效模型[J]. 爆炸与冲击, 2011, 31(1):81-87. ZHANG Wei, XIAO Xinke, WEI Gang. Constitutive relation and fracture criterion of 7A04 aluminum alloy[J]. Explosion and Shock Waves, 2011, 31(1):81-87.
[18] 肖新科. 双层金属靶的抗侵彻性能和Taylor杆的变形与断裂[D]. 哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学, 2010.
[19] B?RVIK T, DEY S, CLAUSEN A H. Perforation resistance of five different high-strength steel plates subjected to small-arms projectiles[J]. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 2009, 36(7):948-964.
[20] B?RVIK T, HOPPERSTAD O S, PEDERSEN K O. Quasi-brittle fracture during structural impact of aa7075-t651 aluminium plates[J]. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 2010, 37(5): 537-551.
[21] RAKV?G K G, B?RVIK T, HOPPERSTAD O S. A numerical study on the deformation and fracture modes of steel projectiles during Taylor bar impact tests[J]. International Journal of Solids and Structures, 2014, 51:808-821.
[2] JOHNSON G R, COOK W H. A constitutive model and data for metals subjected to large strains, high strain rates and high temperatures[C]//Proceedings of the seventh international symposium on ballistics. Hague, 1983.
[3] 赵琳. 45钢热处理工艺及其组织性能[J]. 机械工程与自动化, 2012(5):203-204. ZHAO Lin. Heat treatment technology of 45 steel and its microstructure and properties[J]. Mechanical Engineering & Automation, 2012(5):203-204.
[4] 胡昌明, 贺红亮, 胡时胜. 45号钢的动态力学性能研究[J]. 爆炸与冲击, 2003, 23(2):188-192. HU Changming, HE Hongliang, HU Shisheng. A study on dynamic mechancial behaviors of 45 steel[J]. Explosion and Shock Waves, 2003, 23(2):188-192.
[5] 陈刚, 陈忠富, 陶俊林,等. 45钢动态塑性本构参量与验证[J]. 爆炸与冲击, 2005, 25(5):451-456. CHEN Gang, CHEN Zhongfu, TAO Junlin, et al. Investigation and validation on plastic constitutive parameters of 45 steel[J]. Explosion and Shock Waves, 2005, 25(5):451-456.
[6] 李国和, 王敏杰. 淬硬45钢在高温、高应变率下的动态力学性能及本构关系[J]. 爆炸与冲击, 2010, 30(4):433-438. LI Guohe, WANG Minjie. Dynamic mechanical properties and constitutive relationship of hardened steel (45HRC) under high temperature and high strain rate[J]. Explosion and Shock Waves, 2010, 30(4):433-438.
[7] 汤祁, 熊良山, 邢万强,等. 反求材料JC本构方程系数方法的改进[J]. 兵器材料科学与工程, 2015, 38(3):73-76. TANG Qi, XIONG Liangshan, XING Wanqiang, et al. Improvement in inverse identification of JC constitutive equation parameters[J]. Ordnance Material Science and Engineering, 2015, 38(3):73-76.
[8] 金山, 汤铁钢, 孙学林, 等. 不同热处理条件下 45 钢柱壳的动态性能[J]. 爆炸与冲击, 2006, 26( 5) : 423-428. JIN Shan, TANG Tiegang, SUN Xuelin, et al. Dynamic characteristics of 45 steel cylinder shell by different heat treatment conditions[J]. Explosion and Shock Waves, 2006, 26(5): 423-428.
[9] DENG Y, WEI Z, YANG Y, et al. Experimental investigation on the ballistic performance of double-layered plates subjected to impact by projectile of high strength[J]. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 2014, 70(8):38-49.
[10] DENG Y F, ZHANG W, CAO Z S. Experimental investigation on the ballistic performance of 45 steel metal plates subjected to impact by hemispherical-nosed projectiles[J]. Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics, 2013, 27(6):915-920.
[11] 邓云飞. 弹靶结构及其材料性能对金属靶抗侵彻特性影响研究[D]. 哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学, 2012.
[12] 胡静,崔亚男,王轩,等. 单层金属板对刚性弹体抗撞击特性的影响因素研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2017, 36(24): 35-43. HU Jing, CUI Yanan,WANG Xuan, et al. The influence of the ballistic resistance of monolithic plate against rigid projectile[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2017, 36(24): 35-43.
[13] JOHNSON G R, COOK W H. Fracture characteristics of three metals subjected to various strains, strain rates, temperatures and pressures[J]. Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 1985, 21(1):31-48.
[14] TENG X, WIERZBICKI T. Effect of fracture criteria on high velocity perforation of thin beams[J]. International Journal of Computational Methods, 2004, 1(1):171-200.
[15] ZHANG W, WEI G, XIAO X K, et al. Effect of fracture criteria on Taylor impact fracture[J]. Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology, 2013, 20(1):63-67.
[16] COCKROFT M G, LATHAM D J. Ductility and the workability of metals[J]. Journal of the Institute of Metals, 1968, 96:33-39.
[17] 张伟, 肖新科, 魏刚. 7A04铝合金的本构关系和失效模型[J]. 爆炸与冲击, 2011, 31(1):81-87. ZHANG Wei, XIAO Xinke, WEI Gang. Constitutive relation and fracture criterion of 7A04 aluminum alloy[J]. Explosion and Shock Waves, 2011, 31(1):81-87.
[18] 肖新科. 双层金属靶的抗侵彻性能和Taylor杆的变形与断裂[D]. 哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学, 2010.
[19] B?RVIK T, DEY S, CLAUSEN A H. Perforation resistance of five different high-strength steel plates subjected to small-arms projectiles[J]. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 2009, 36(7):948-964.
[20] B?RVIK T, HOPPERSTAD O S, PEDERSEN K O. Quasi-brittle fracture during structural impact of aa7075-t651 aluminium plates[J]. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 2010, 37(5): 537-551.
[21] RAKV?G K G, B?RVIK T, HOPPERSTAD O S. A numerical study on the deformation and fracture modes of steel projectiles during Taylor bar impact tests[J]. International Journal of Solids and Structures, 2014, 51:808-821.
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