不同碳源多孔碳纤维制备及其吸附性能
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摘要
先用静电纺丝法制备聚丙烯腈(PAN)、聚乙烯醇(PVA)和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)基高分子纤维,然后将其碳化制备出不同碳源的多孔碳纤维材料。使用X-射线衍射仪、红外光谱仪、差示扫描量热仪和N_2吸脱附分析仪等手段表征了碳纤维材料的结构和性能。结果表明,PAN基碳纤维的比表面积最大(113.5 m~2/g)、微孔较多,对刚果红的吸附量最大(560.2 g/kg)。根据吸附动力学模型和吸附等温线的分析结果,碳纤维对刚果红的吸附属单层吸附。结果还表明,温度越高材料的吸附速率越高但是吸附量没有明显的变化;在酸性条件下PVA基碳纤维保持较高的吸附活性,而PAN基碳纤维则与之相反;刚果红水溶液的pH值对PVP基碳纤维吸附活性的影响很小。
Three polymer fibers were prepared via electrospinning method with polyacrylonitrile(PAN), polyvinyl alcohol(PVA) and polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP) respectively as raw materials, and then carbon fibers with porous morphology were obtained by carbonizing the above three polymer fibers in nitrogen gas. The physical-chemical properties of the obtained carbon fibers were characterized by means of X-ray diffractometer, IR spectroscopy, thermal analysis and N_2 adsorption-desorption isotherm. The results show that the PAN-based carbon fiber has the largest specific surface area of 113.5 m~2/g and the maximum adsorption capacity of about 560.2 g/kg on Congo red; Meanwhile, the effect of temperature and pH values on the adsorption properties of carbon fibers was also investigated. The results demonstrate that the higher the temperature is, the faster the adsorption rate is, while there is no significant change in the adsorption capacity; With the varying pH value of Congo red containing solutions, the three carbon fibers presented different adsorption performance: namely, in acidic solutions the PVA-based carbon fibers can maintain a high adsorption capacity, while the behavior of the PAN-based carbon fiber is just the opposite, however, the varying pH value of the Congo red solution had little effect on the adsorption activity of the PVP-based carbon fiber.
Three polymer fibers were prepared via electrospinning method with polyacrylonitrile(PAN), polyvinyl alcohol(PVA) and polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP) respectively as raw materials, and then carbon fibers with porous morphology were obtained by carbonizing the above three polymer fibers in nitrogen gas. The physical-chemical properties of the obtained carbon fibers were characterized by means of X-ray diffractometer, IR spectroscopy, thermal analysis and N_2 adsorption-desorption isotherm. The results show that the PAN-based carbon fiber has the largest specific surface area of 113.5 m~2/g and the maximum adsorption capacity of about 560.2 g/kg on Congo red; Meanwhile, the effect of temperature and pH values on the adsorption properties of carbon fibers was also investigated. The results demonstrate that the higher the temperature is, the faster the adsorption rate is, while there is no significant change in the adsorption capacity; With the varying pH value of Congo red containing solutions, the three carbon fibers presented different adsorption performance: namely, in acidic solutions the PVA-based carbon fibers can maintain a high adsorption capacity, while the behavior of the PAN-based carbon fiber is just the opposite, however, the varying pH value of the Congo red solution had little effect on the adsorption activity of the PVP-based carbon fiber.
引文
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[24]Yan T G.Preparation of two magnetic materials and the adsorption performance of dyes[D].Harbin:Northeast Forest.Univ.,2014(颜廷国.两种磁性吸附材料制备及其染料吸附性能研究[D].哈尔滨:东北林业大学,2014)
[25]Chen G H.Adsorption characteristics of methylene blue and congo red on fir sawdust[D].Nanning:Guangxi Univ.,2014(陈光浩.杉木木屑对水中亚甲基蓝及刚果红的吸附性能研究[D].南宁:广西大学,2014)
[2]Aguiar J E,Silva Jr I J,Lucena S M P,et al.Correlation between PSD and adsorption of anionic dyes with different molecular weigths on activated carbon[J].Colloid.Surface.A,2016,496:125
[3]Zhao H,Liu X,Xu J,et al.Adsorption behavior and mechanism of chloramphenicols,sulfonamides,and non-antibiotic pharmaceuticals on multi-walled carbon nanotubes[J].J.Hazard.Mater.,2016,310:235
[4]He J J,Lai M H,Chen H H,et al.Research progress of wastewater filtration materials prepared by electrospinning[J].Synth.Fiber in China,2011,40(12):18(何剑江,赖明河,陈海宏等.静电纺丝制备污水过滤材料的研究进展[J].合成纤维,2011,40(12):18)
[5]Hassani A,Vafaei F,Khataee A R,et al.Adsorption of a cationic dye from aqueous solution using Turkish lignite:kinetic,isotherm,thermodynamic studies and neural network modeling[J].J.Ind.Eng.Chem.,2014,20:2615
[6]Chen T,Ballesteros Jr F C,Lu M,et al.Using activated clay for adsorption of sulfone compounds in diesel[J].J.Clean Prod.,2016,124:378
[7]Jin P B.Zeolitization of fly ash and their applications in treating wastewater[D].Zhenjiang:Jiangsu Univ.,2007(靳朋勃.粉煤灰沸石化及其处理废水的试验研究[D].镇江:江苏大学,2007)
[8]Mao P,Qi B,Yang Y,et al.AgII doped MIL-101 and its adsorption of iodine with high speed in solution[J].J.Solid State Chem.,2016,237:274
[9]Zhang Y.Adsorption of congo red and Cr(VI)by chitosan composite adsorbent[D].Tianjin:Tianjin Polytech.Univ.,2012(张艳.壳聚糖复合吸附剂吸附刚果红和Cr(Ⅵ)的研究[D].天津:天津工业大学,2012)
[10]Wang Y.Study of biosorption of methylene blue and congo red from the aqueous solutions by cereal chaff and Phoenix tree’s leaves[D].Zhengzhou:Zhengzhou Univ.,2007(王元凤.谷壳和梧桐树叶对水体中亚甲基蓝和刚果红的吸附研究[D].郑州:郑州大学,2007)
[11]Zhang F,Wang M M,Gao Z Y,et al.Research on adsorption of congo red by chitosan/talcum composite in aqueous solution[J].J.China West Normal Univ.(Nat.Sci.),2013,34(3):218(张凤,王慢慢,高志燕等.壳聚糖/滑石粉复合物对水溶液中刚果红的吸附研究[J].华西师范大学学报(自然科学版),2013,34(3):218)
[12]Li H,Wang W J,Ren X F,et al.Removal of congo red from aqueous solution onto organo-modified attapulgite clay[J]J.Hexi Univ.,2012,28(2):83(李鹤,王文娟,任学锋等.有机化凹凸棒对刚果红的吸附性能[J].河西学院学报.2012,28(2):83)
[13]Xiang X Y,You T Z,Yuan Q L,et al,Study on adsorption of dyeing wastewater by modified peanut shells[J].Appl.Chem.Ind.2014,43(3):460(项小燕,游腾钟,袁秋兰等.羧基酯化改性花生壳对染料废水的吸附[J].应用化工,2014,43(3):460)
[14]Chang H Y,Xiong J.Preparation of porous hollow polyacrylonitrile ultrafine fibers by coaxial electrospinning[J]J.Text.Res.,2012,33(11):6(常怀云,熊杰.同轴静电纺丝制备聚丙烯腈多孔中空超细纤维[J].纺织学报,2012,33(11):6)
[15]Wang L Y,Yang C L,Lv Y G,et al.Effect of electrochemical treatment on surface characters of PAN-based carbon fibers[J].Aerosp.Mater.Technol.,2010,40(3):51(王力勇,杨常玲,吕永根等.电化学处理对PAN基碳纤维表面特征的影响[J].宇航材料工艺,2010,40(3):51)
[16]Yan T,Preparation and adsorption properties of new type cotton fiber based-adsorbents[D].Soochow:Soochow Univ.,2014(闫腾.新型棉纤维基吸附剂的制备及其性能研究[D].苏州:苏州大学,2014)
[17]Yang Y R,Yan G M,Liu L.Micropore structure formation and transformation of PAN-based carbon fiber during preparation[J].Mater.Rev.,2014,28(9):74(杨玉蓉,闫国民,刘立等.PAN基碳纤维制备过程中微孔结构的形成与转变[J].材料导报B:研究篇,2014,28(9):74)
[18]Wang Y.Adsorption of methyl violet on dye wastewater by bentonite:an adsorption model[J].Archit.Eng.Technol.Des.,2015(17):1856(王炎.膨润土对染料废水中的甲基紫吸附研究:吸附模型探讨[J].建筑工程技术与设计,2015,(17):1856)
[19]Tu T,Yang J Z,Zhu M H,et al.The research on adsorption characteristics of activated carbon fiber to aniline solution[J].Hi-Tech Fiber Appl.,2014,39(6):62(涂腾,杨建忠,朱明辉等.活性碳纤维对苯胺的吸附性能研究[J].高科技纤维与应用,2014,39(6):62)
[20]Ouyang S B,Xu S P,Zhang J J,et al.Study on N2/CH4adsorption property in the adsorbents[J].Chem.Ind.Eng.Prog.,2014,33(10):2546(欧阳少波,徐绍平,张俊杰等.N2/CH4在吸附剂上的动态吸附特性[J].化工进展,2014,33(10):2546)
[21]Ip A W M,Barford J P,Mckay G.A comparative study on the kinetics and mechanisms of removal of reactive black 5 by adsorption onto activated carbons and bone char[J].Chem Eng.J.,2010,157(2-3):434
[22]Ma H F,Han Q J,Li W,et al.Research on the adsorption of Cr(Ⅵ)with waste jasmine tea dust[J].Sci.Technol.Eng.,2012,12(25):6554(马宏飞,韩秋菊,李薇等.废茉莉花茶渣对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附研究[J].科学技术与工程,2012,12(25):6554)
[23]Zhang Y,Chen P.Kinetic characteristics of mercury adsorption by chitosan manganese complex[J].Educ.Tech.Forum,2015,(1):246(张娅,陈鹏.壳聚糖-锰复合物吸附汞的动力学特性研究[J].教育教学论坛,2015,(1):246)
[24]Yan T G.Preparation of two magnetic materials and the adsorption performance of dyes[D].Harbin:Northeast Forest.Univ.,2014(颜廷国.两种磁性吸附材料制备及其染料吸附性能研究[D].哈尔滨:东北林业大学,2014)
[25]Chen G H.Adsorption characteristics of methylene blue and congo red on fir sawdust[D].Nanning:Guangxi Univ.,2014(陈光浩.杉木木屑对水中亚甲基蓝及刚果红的吸附性能研究[D].南宁:广西大学,2014)
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