松嫩平原北部耕地空间分布及其变化特征
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摘要
耕地资源是人类赖以生存的基础性资源,科学地判定其变化特征以及空间分布格局,对促进耕地资源的空间优化布局以及保护耕地等方面具有非常重要的意义。选取松嫩平原北部的典型区域黑龙江省黑河市嫩江县为研究区,通过对研究区1984年和2011年Landsat8TM遥感影像进行解译,运用Arc GIS10. 0软件、耕地指数法、GIS空间分析法对研究区耕地资源空间分布及其变化特征进行研究。结果表明:1)研究区1984年耕地主要分布在北部及东部,2011年耕地主要分布在中部及北部; 2)研究区西部耕地分布呈现出密集分布的空间特征,东部呈现出稀疏分布的空间特征; 3) 1984—2011年研究区耕地空间格局发生了明显变化,南部乡镇变化较大,中部和西部乡镇变化居中,北部和东部乡镇变化最小,行政区划上双山镇耕地变化最大。研究成果可在一定程度上为嫩江县耕地资源的合理配置,耕地资源的保护及耕地空间布局优化提供参考。
Cultivated land resources are fundamental to the survival of human,and determining the variation characteristics and spatial distribution pattern scientifically has great significance in optimizing the layout of space and protecting arable lands,etc. This paper selected the Nenjiang County in Heihe in Heilongjiang Province as the study area which was the typical area in the north of Songnen Plain. The spatial distribution and variation characteristics of cultivated land were studied by interpreting Landsat8 TMremote sensing images of the study area in 1984 and 2011,using Arc GIS10. 0 software,farmland index method and GIS spatial analysis method. The results showed: 1) The distribution of cultivated land in the study area varied from the north and east in 1984 to middle and north in 2011; 2) Cultivated land in the west of study area showed the dense distribution in space,but sparse in the east; 3) Spatial structure of the cultivated land in the study area has varied significantly from 1984 to2011. Change of towns in the south was greater than that in the middle and west,and was the least in the north and east,moreover,the biggest variation of cultivated land occurred in Shuangshan Town by administrative division. The study results of this paper can provide theoretical basis for the rational allocation of cultivated land resources,the protection of cultivated land resources and the optimization of cultivated land spatial distribution in Nenjiang County.
Cultivated land resources are fundamental to the survival of human,and determining the variation characteristics and spatial distribution pattern scientifically has great significance in optimizing the layout of space and protecting arable lands,etc. This paper selected the Nenjiang County in Heihe in Heilongjiang Province as the study area which was the typical area in the north of Songnen Plain. The spatial distribution and variation characteristics of cultivated land were studied by interpreting Landsat8 TMremote sensing images of the study area in 1984 and 2011,using Arc GIS10. 0 software,farmland index method and GIS spatial analysis method. The results showed: 1) The distribution of cultivated land in the study area varied from the north and east in 1984 to middle and north in 2011; 2) Cultivated land in the west of study area showed the dense distribution in space,but sparse in the east; 3) Spatial structure of the cultivated land in the study area has varied significantly from 1984 to2011. Change of towns in the south was greater than that in the middle and west,and was the least in the north and east,moreover,the biggest variation of cultivated land occurred in Shuangshan Town by administrative division. The study results of this paper can provide theoretical basis for the rational allocation of cultivated land resources,the protection of cultivated land resources and the optimization of cultivated land spatial distribution in Nenjiang County.
引文
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[7]董非非,刘爱民,封志明,等.大豆传统产区种植结构变化及影响因素的定量化评价——以黑龙江省嫩江县为例[J].自然资源学报,2017,32(1):40-49.
[8]朱会义,何书金,张明.土地利用变化研究中的GIS空间分析方法及其应用[J].地理科学进展,2001,20(2):104-110.
[9]李鑫,欧名豪.江苏省耕地空间分布与变化研究[J].农业现代化研究,2011,32(6):730-734.
[10]乔伟峰,盛业华,方斌,等.基于转移矩阵的高度城市化区域土地利用演变信息挖掘——以江苏省苏州市为例[J].地理研究,2013,32(8):1497-1507.
[2]李效顺,曲福田,谭荣,等.中国耕地资源变化与保护研究——基于土地督察视角的考察[J].自然资源学报,2009,24(3):387-401.
[3]文继群,濮励杰,张润森.耕地资源变化的空间计量及其驱动力分析——以江苏省为例[J].长江流域资源与环境,2011,20(5):628-634.
[4]姜仁良.论土地资源利用与生态环境保护的七大协调机制[J].经济纵横,2013(12):31-35.
[5]鄂施璇,宋戈.东北区县域耕地资源非市场价值测算及其空间分布[J].经济地理,2015,35(6):149-153.
[6]柯新利,马才学.基于资源禀赋和经济发展区域差异的耕地优化布局——以武汉城市圈为例[J].经济地理,2013,33(11):136-141.
[7]董非非,刘爱民,封志明,等.大豆传统产区种植结构变化及影响因素的定量化评价——以黑龙江省嫩江县为例[J].自然资源学报,2017,32(1):40-49.
[8]朱会义,何书金,张明.土地利用变化研究中的GIS空间分析方法及其应用[J].地理科学进展,2001,20(2):104-110.
[9]李鑫,欧名豪.江苏省耕地空间分布与变化研究[J].农业现代化研究,2011,32(6):730-734.
[10]乔伟峰,盛业华,方斌,等.基于转移矩阵的高度城市化区域土地利用演变信息挖掘——以江苏省苏州市为例[J].地理研究,2013,32(8):1497-1507.