三元动力电池及其成组后的过充安全性试验
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摘要
为提升动力电池的过充安全性,明确过充热失控的发生机理、行为特点及传播特性,对三元动力电池及其成组后的过充热失控行为展开试验研究,得出电池过充热失控有明显的触发演化过程;电池电压从开始急剧下降到电池温度急剧升高完全热失控之间存在一定的反应时间;随着热失控的不断拓展,电池热失控所达到的最高温度会逐渐升高;模组结构在一定程度上能抑制电池过充热失控的发生。最后,提出改善三元动力电池及其成组后过充安全性的具体建议。
In order to improve the overcharge safety of power battery as well as clarify the occurrence mechanism,the behavior characteristics and the propagation law of overcharge thermal runaway,the experiment on overcharge thermal runaway of NCM battery and battery pack are carried out. The results show that there is an obvious evolution process of overcharge thermal runaway. There is a time interval between the sharp shutdown of battery voltage and the exponential rise of battery temperature. The maximum temperature that each battery reached during thermal runaway process is elevated increasingly along with the thermal runaway propagation. Furthermore,the module structure to some extent can restrain the occurrence of overcharge thermal runaway. Finally, the suggestions for improving the overcharge safety of NCM battery and battery pack are proposed based on the above results.
In order to improve the overcharge safety of power battery as well as clarify the occurrence mechanism,the behavior characteristics and the propagation law of overcharge thermal runaway,the experiment on overcharge thermal runaway of NCM battery and battery pack are carried out. The results show that there is an obvious evolution process of overcharge thermal runaway. There is a time interval between the sharp shutdown of battery voltage and the exponential rise of battery temperature. The maximum temperature that each battery reached during thermal runaway process is elevated increasingly along with the thermal runaway propagation. Furthermore,the module structure to some extent can restrain the occurrence of overcharge thermal runaway. Finally, the suggestions for improving the overcharge safety of NCM battery and battery pack are proposed based on the above results.
引文
[1]Ohsaki T,Kishi T,Kuboxi T,et a1.Overcharge reaction of lithium-ion batteries[J].Journal of Power Sources,2005,146:97-100.
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[11]胡棋威.锂离子电池热失控传播特性及阻断技术研究[D].北京:中国舰船研究院,2015.Hu Qi-wei.Study on lithium-ion batteries thermal runaway propagation characteristics and blocking techniques[D].Beijing:Institute of China Ship Research,2015.
[12]段冀渊.锂离子电池安全性能评价技术研究[D].上海:华东理工大学机械与动力工程学院,2013.Duan Ji-yuan.Investigation on safety evaluation of lithium-ion battery[D].Shanghai:School of Mechanical and Power Engineering,East China University of Science and Technology,2013.
[13]杨明国,金鑫,李文斌.锂离子电池热失控传播研究进展[J].船电技术,2015(9):48-51.Yang Ming-guo,Jin Xin,Li Wen-bin.Review on thermal runaway propagation of lithium-Ion battery packs[J].Marine Electric,2015(9):48-51.
[14]Feng Xu-ning,Fang Mou,He Xiang-ming,et al.Thermal runaway features of large format prismatic lithium ion battery using extended volume accelerating rate calorimetry[J].Journal of Power Sources,2014,255:294-301.
[15]Lamb J,Orendorff C J,Steele L A M,et al.Failure propagation in multi-cell lithium ion batteries[J].Journal of Power Sources,2015,283:517-523.
[16]Feng Xu-ning,Sun Jing,Ouyang Ming-gao,et al.Characterization of penetration induced thermal runaway propagation process within a large format lithium ion battery module[J].Journal of Power Sources,2015,275:261-273.
[17]Feng Xu-ning,He Xiang-ming,Ouyang Ming-gao,et al.Thermal runaway propagation model for designing a safer battery pack with 25Ah LiNix Coy Mnz O2large format lithium ion battery[J].Applied Energy,2015,154:74-91.
[2]庞静,卢世刚,刘莎.锂离子电池过充特性的研究[J].电化学,2005(4):398-401.Pang Jing,Lu Shi-gang,Liu Sha.A study of overcharge characteristic of lithium-ion cells[J].Electrochemistry,2005(4):398-401.
[3]崔灿.锂离子动力蓄电池安全性的研究与应用[D].北京:清华大学机械工程学院,2014.Cui Can.Study and application of Li-ion battery safety[D].Beijing:College of Mechanical Engineering,Tsinghua University,2014.
[4]Belov D Y,Mohua H.Investigation of the kinetic mechanism in overcharge process for Li-ion battery[J].Solid State Ionics,2008,179(27-32):1816-1821.
[5]王莉,李建军,高剑,等.钴酸锂正极锂离子电池的过充电安全性[J].电池,2012,42(6):299-301.Wang Li,Li Jian-jun,Gao Jian,et al.Overcharge safety of Li-ion battery with lithium cobalt oxide cathode[J].Battery Bimonthly,2012,42(6):299-301.
[6]郑葳.立方体锂离子电池过充危险性研究及其热模型分析[D].北京:北京理工大学机电学院,2015.Zheng Wei.Fire risk and thermal analysis on the overcharge reaction of lithium ion battery[D].Beijing:College of Electromechanical Engineering,Beijing Institute of Technology,2015.
[7]刘恒伟,李建军,谢潇怡,等.大尺寸三元锂离子动力电池过充电安全性研究[J].新材料产业.2015(3):48-52.Liu Heng-wei,Li Jian-jun,Xie Xiao-yi,et al.Study on overcharged safety of large NCM power battery[J].Advanced Materials Industry,2015(3):48-52.
[8]Chen Man,Sun Qiu-juan,Li Yong-qi,et al.A thermal runaway simulation on a lithium titanate battery and the battery module[J].Energies,2015,8(1):490-500.
[9]Feng Xu-ning,Lu Lan-guang,Ouyang Ming-gao,et al.A 3D thermal runaway propagation model for a large format lithium ion battery module[J].Energy,2016,115:194-208.
[10]Lopez C F,Jeevarajan J A,Mukherjee P P.Experimental analysis of thermal runaway and propagation in lithium-ion battery modules[J].Journal of the Electrochemical Society,2015,162(9):1905-1915.
[11]胡棋威.锂离子电池热失控传播特性及阻断技术研究[D].北京:中国舰船研究院,2015.Hu Qi-wei.Study on lithium-ion batteries thermal runaway propagation characteristics and blocking techniques[D].Beijing:Institute of China Ship Research,2015.
[12]段冀渊.锂离子电池安全性能评价技术研究[D].上海:华东理工大学机械与动力工程学院,2013.Duan Ji-yuan.Investigation on safety evaluation of lithium-ion battery[D].Shanghai:School of Mechanical and Power Engineering,East China University of Science and Technology,2013.
[13]杨明国,金鑫,李文斌.锂离子电池热失控传播研究进展[J].船电技术,2015(9):48-51.Yang Ming-guo,Jin Xin,Li Wen-bin.Review on thermal runaway propagation of lithium-Ion battery packs[J].Marine Electric,2015(9):48-51.
[14]Feng Xu-ning,Fang Mou,He Xiang-ming,et al.Thermal runaway features of large format prismatic lithium ion battery using extended volume accelerating rate calorimetry[J].Journal of Power Sources,2014,255:294-301.
[15]Lamb J,Orendorff C J,Steele L A M,et al.Failure propagation in multi-cell lithium ion batteries[J].Journal of Power Sources,2015,283:517-523.
[16]Feng Xu-ning,Sun Jing,Ouyang Ming-gao,et al.Characterization of penetration induced thermal runaway propagation process within a large format lithium ion battery module[J].Journal of Power Sources,2015,275:261-273.
[17]Feng Xu-ning,He Xiang-ming,Ouyang Ming-gao,et al.Thermal runaway propagation model for designing a safer battery pack with 25Ah LiNix Coy Mnz O2large format lithium ion battery[J].Applied Energy,2015,154:74-91.