基于LoRa的文物预防性保护环境监测系统的设计
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摘要
我国有数量众多的馆藏文物,需要对文物进行预防性保护,然而博物馆展厅多、建筑面积大,传统的监测系统拓展性差且成本较高.设计了一种基于LoRa通信技术的博物馆环境监测系统,可以满足博物馆环境监测通信覆盖范围大、信号穿透性强、成本相对低廉、拓展方便的应用需求.系统包含采集终端、无线数据传输、上位机监控中心等模块,将采集终端的传感器所采集的温湿度、光照强度等环境参数,利用LoRa无线通信技术,将数据传输到汇聚节点,再通过GPRS、3G\4G等公网通信技术传至监控中心进行数据处理,从而达到监测博物馆环境参数的目的.此外,通过聚类算法处理所上传的数据,依据数据间的相似性对环境数据进行自动分类,依据分类结果对博物馆环境进行等级划分,实现对博物馆环境状况的等级评价.本系统在多家博物馆环境实时监测项目中运行效果良好,并对智慧农业、智慧城市的设计与应用等具有一定的借鉴意义.
The preventive protection of cultural relics is in need to the cultural relics in China.To meet the demands of the museum's environmental monitoring and communication coverage,a museum environmental monitoring system based on Lora communication technology is designed with performances on the strong signal penetration and low cost.The system is consisted of data acquisition terminals,wireless data transmission modules and the host computer monitoring center.The sensor terminals collect the environmental parameters such as temperature,humidity and light intensity and so on.Then LoRa wireless communication technology is used to transmit the data to the sink nodes followed by the uploading the data to the host computer monitoring center via GPRS or 3 G/4 Gnetwork communication.The clustering algorithm is used to classify the environmental data automatically based on their similarity,and the museum environmental grades according to the classification results are derived.The proposed system works well in many museum environment real-time monitoring projects,and it can also be used in the design for the smart agriculture or smart city applications.
The preventive protection of cultural relics is in need to the cultural relics in China.To meet the demands of the museum's environmental monitoring and communication coverage,a museum environmental monitoring system based on Lora communication technology is designed with performances on the strong signal penetration and low cost.The system is consisted of data acquisition terminals,wireless data transmission modules and the host computer monitoring center.The sensor terminals collect the environmental parameters such as temperature,humidity and light intensity and so on.Then LoRa wireless communication technology is used to transmit the data to the sink nodes followed by the uploading the data to the host computer monitoring center via GPRS or 3 G/4 Gnetwork communication.The clustering algorithm is used to classify the environmental data automatically based on their similarity,and the museum environmental grades according to the classification results are derived.The proposed system works well in many museum environment real-time monitoring projects,and it can also be used in the design for the smart agriculture or smart city applications.
引文
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[2]戴子佳.甘肃博物馆馆藏文物保存环境现状调查与保护技术的应用研究[D].兰州:西北师范大学,2014.
[3]简超峰,郭晓金,陆奕帆,等.博物馆环境监测系统的设计[J].广东通信技术,2015,35(8):32-34,67.
[4]徐方圆,吴来明,解玉林.武汉博物馆文物保存环境研究[J].文物保护与考古科学,2007,19(1):8-17.
[5]樊静,王建明.基于CC2530的博物馆状况无线监测系统设计[J].电子测量技术,2011,34(6):105-109.
[6]李山,杨波.基于WiFi的环境监测系统设计[J].软件,2011,32(1):42-45.
[7]强跃.而今迈步从头越——写在陕西历史博物馆新馆建成开放二十五周年之际[J].文物天地,2016(6):4-5.
[8]罗贵英.基于LoRa的水表抄表系统设计与实现[D].杭州:浙江工业大学,2016.
[9]龚天平.LORA技术实现远距离、低功耗无线数据传输[J].电子世界,2016(10):115-117.
[10]赵静,苏光添.LoRa无线网络技术分析[J].移动通信,2016,40(21):50-57.
[11]于佐军,秦欢.基于改进蜂群算法的K-means算法[J].控制与决策,2018,33(1):181-185.
[12]蒋帅.K-均值聚类算法研究[D].西安:陕西师范大学,2010.
[13]张艳红,刘根亮.天津博物馆文物库房保存环境现状调查[J].中国文物科学研究,2016(3):59-64.
[14]陈元生,解玉林.博物馆文物保存环境质量标准研究[J].文物保护与考古科学,2002,14(S1):152-191.