铯~(137)在土壤中的分布、迁移及应用综述
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摘要
土壤中铯元素主要来源于核武器实验、核反应堆的放射性废物以及核电站核泄漏和核燃料处理厂的放射性废液。在土壤研究中,主要利用放射性核素铯~(137)(~(137)Cs)进行土壤侵蚀研究,能够简便、快速、准确地获取土壤流失、沉积和空间重新分布等详细信息。该文重点介绍了铯~(137)(~(137)Cs)在土壤中的分布及迁移特征与铯元素在土壤研究中的应用,探讨了铯元素在应用中存在的问题,并对后续的研究进行了展望。
Cesium in soil is mainly derived from nuclear weapon test,radioactive waste from nuclear reaction,nuclear leakage and radioactive waste from nuclear fuel reprocessing plant.In soil research,the use of radionuclide caesium-137(137Cs) for soil erosion research can be simple,rapid and accurate to obtain soil loss.Details such as deposition and spatial redistribution.The distribution and migration characteristics of cesium-137(137Cs) in soil and the application of cesium in soil research were introduced in this paper.At the same time,existence of cesium in application is discussed.The development of future research is also prospected.Radioactive caesiumSoil erosionDistribution
Cesium in soil is mainly derived from nuclear weapon test,radioactive waste from nuclear reaction,nuclear leakage and radioactive waste from nuclear fuel reprocessing plant.In soil research,the use of radionuclide caesium-137(137Cs) for soil erosion research can be simple,rapid and accurate to obtain soil loss.Details such as deposition and spatial redistribution.The distribution and migration characteristics of cesium-137(137Cs) in soil and the application of cesium in soil research were introduced in this paper.At the same time,existence of cesium in application is discussed.The development of future research is also prospected.Radioactive caesiumSoil erosionDistribution
引文
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[26]Liu Y,Yi-He L V,Bo-Jie F U,et al. Reference value of~(137)Cs tracing technique in soil loss estimation:A spatial variation analysis[J].Geographical Research,2010,29(7):1171-1181.
[27]唐翔宇,浩杨,赵其国.137Cs示踪技术在土壤侵蚀估算中的应用研究进展[J].地球科学进展,2000,15(5):576-582.
[28]Young C J,Liu S,Schumacher J A,et al. Evaluation of a model framework to estimate soil and soil organic carbon redis?tribution by water and tillage using 137Cs in two U.S.Midwest agricultural fields[J].Geoderma,2014,232-234:437-448.
[29]Shuhua L U,Xiankun L I,Guangping X U,et al. Assessment of Soil Erosion on the Typical Hilly Upland of Xijiang River Basin Based on Cs-137 Tracer Method[J].Journal of Soil&Water Conservation,2016.
[30]聂国辉,叶永棋,叶碎高.用Cs-137示踪法研究浙江天台县典型坡面的土壤侵蚀规律[J].土壤,2009,41(2):303-307.
[31]文安邦,张信宝,王玉宽.长江上游紫色土坡耕地土壤侵蚀~(137)Cs示踪法研究[J].山地学报,2001,19(s1):56-59.
[2]王颖,张雨山,黄西平.重稀碱金属铯分离提取技术的研究进展[J].化学工业与工程,2010,27(5):457-464.
[3]Z.Vigcary B F,Z.Tarjan,E.K.Makb.143 Cs137 LDR afterloading and interventional possibilities in inoperable bile duct tumors[J].Radiotherapy and Oncology,2005,75(1):S55.
[4]Grambow B,Mostafavi M.State of Fukushima nuclear fuel de?bris tracked by Cs137 in cooling water[J].Environ Sci Process Impacts,2014,16(11):2472-2476.
[5]Finkelstein M M.Mortality and cancer frequency among mili?tary nuclear test(Smoky)participants[J].Jama,1984,252(5):620-624.
[6]赵昌,乔方利,王关锁.历次核试验进入海洋的Cs对中国近海影响的模拟研究[J].海洋学报,2015,37(3):15-24.
[7]樊继列.核与辐射小知识[J].环境保护与循环经济,2011,31(5):29-29.
[8]尹显和,任剑锋,华建平.放射性核素铯-137在土壤里不同质地中的分布规律[J].南华大学学报(自然科学版),2001,15(3):49-51.
[9]王恒德.切尔诺贝利核事故及其后果[J].辐射防护通讯,2000,(Z1):38-41.
[10]Lei W,Zheng G,Zhao S,et al.Impact of Fukushima Nuclear Accident to China's Mainland Environment[J].Radiation Protec?tion,2012,32(6):325-1754.
[11]曾理,吴丰昌,万国江.中国地区湖泊沉积物中^137Cs分布特征和环境意义[J].湖泊科学,2009,21(1):1-9.
[12]徐红,韦继管,邹文良.新疆核试验场周围各类土壤中~(90)Sr、~(137)Cs分布与迁移[J].干旱环境监测,1987.
[13]Lepage H,Evrard O,Onda Y,et al. Depth distribution of cesi?um-137 in paddy fields across the Fukushima pollution plume in 2013[J].Journal of Environmental Radioactivity,2015,147:157-164.
[14]尹显和,任剑锋,华建平.铯-137在土壤不同质地中的分布[J].环境化学,2001,20(4):415-416.
[15]Malins A,Kurikami H,Nakama S,et al. Evaluation of ambient dose equivalent rates influenced by vertical and horizontal dis?tribution of radioactive cesium in soil in Fukushima Prefecture[J]. J Environ Radioact,2016,151:38-49.
[16]Zygmunt J,Chibowski S,Klimowicz Z.The effect of sorption properties of soil minerals on the vertical migration rate of ce?sium in soil[J].Journal of Radioanalytical&Nuclear Chemis?try,1998,231(1-2):57-62.
[17]Flury M,Czigány S,Chen G,et al. Cesium migration in satu?rated silica sand and Hanford sediments as impacted by ionic strength[J].Journal of Contaminant Hydrology,2004,71(1):111-126.
[18]Nakanishi T,Matsunaga T,Koarashi J,et al. 137 Cs vertical migration in a deciduous forest soil following the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant accident[J].J Environ Radioact,2014,128:9-14.
[19]Giani L,Helmers H.Migration of Cesium-137 in typical soils of North Germany ten years after the Chernobyl accident[J].Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science=Zeitschrift fuer Pflanzenernaehrung und Bodenkunde,2010,160(1):81-83.
[20]Fabienne C,Philipp S,Hans-Rudolf P,et al. Atmospheric de?position and migration of artificial radionuclides in Alpine soils(Val Piora,Switzerland)compared to the distribution of select?ed major and trace elements[J].Science of the Total Environ?ment,2010,408(16):3292-3302.
[21]魏彦昌,欧阳志云,苗鸿.放射性核素^137Cs在土壤侵蚀研究中的应用[J].干旱地区农业研究,2006,1(3):200-206.
[22]Fang H,Li Q,Sun L,et al.Using 137Cs to study spatial pat?terns of soil erosion and soil organic carbon(SOC)in an agri?cultural catchment of the typical black soil region,Northeast China[J].J Environ Radioact,2012,112:125-32.
[23]聂国辉,许建新,叶永棋. Cs-137在浙江省水土流失背景值监测中的应用[J].浙江水利科技,2008(3):22-23.
[24]Li Jie P U,Han S C,Jin P H,et al. Relationship Between~(137)Cs Content and Composition of Soil Particles in Red Soil Region——A Case Study of Fengcheng City,Jiangxi Prov?ince[J].Bulletin of Soil&Water Conservation,2006,26(4):11-15.
[25]王小雷,杨浩.~(137)Cs在坡耕地中的分布特征及土壤侵蚀中的应用[J].湖北农业科学,2014,53(19):4555-4559.
[26]Liu Y,Yi-He L V,Bo-Jie F U,et al. Reference value of~(137)Cs tracing technique in soil loss estimation:A spatial variation analysis[J].Geographical Research,2010,29(7):1171-1181.
[27]唐翔宇,浩杨,赵其国.137Cs示踪技术在土壤侵蚀估算中的应用研究进展[J].地球科学进展,2000,15(5):576-582.
[28]Young C J,Liu S,Schumacher J A,et al. Evaluation of a model framework to estimate soil and soil organic carbon redis?tribution by water and tillage using 137Cs in two U.S.Midwest agricultural fields[J].Geoderma,2014,232-234:437-448.
[29]Shuhua L U,Xiankun L I,Guangping X U,et al. Assessment of Soil Erosion on the Typical Hilly Upland of Xijiang River Basin Based on Cs-137 Tracer Method[J].Journal of Soil&Water Conservation,2016.
[30]聂国辉,叶永棋,叶碎高.用Cs-137示踪法研究浙江天台县典型坡面的土壤侵蚀规律[J].土壤,2009,41(2):303-307.
[31]文安邦,张信宝,王玉宽.长江上游紫色土坡耕地土壤侵蚀~(137)Cs示踪法研究[J].山地学报,2001,19(s1):56-59.