高速铁路CPⅢ水准网平差通用模型研究
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摘要
CPⅢ水准网为高速铁路的施工、运营提供高精度的高程基准。现有的CPⅢ水准网数据采集方式主要有中视法、矩形法两大类,为提高现场实测效率,在矩形法基础上又衍生出X形法、Z形法等。目前,以高差为观测值的传统CPⅢ水准网平差模型主要适用于矩形法及其衍生型,而中视法由于高差为非独立观测值,使得传统模型使用理论上受到限制。为此,提出一种CPⅢ水准网平差通用模型,该模型以水准尺读数为观测值。平差时每测站引入一个参数合并一系列未知量和固定的系统误差,最后由高程平差值计算高差。通过现场实测数据的验证表明,该模型具有算法简单,数据利用率高等特点,且精度不低于传统CPⅢ水准网平差模型。由于该模型观测值不存在相关性,故可适用于现有各种CPⅢ水准网形。
The CPⅢ Leveling Network provides high precision elevation datum for the construction and operation of high-speed railway. The existing data acquisition methods of CPⅢ Leveling Network mainly include two categories: Intermediate Method and Rectangle Method. Based on Rectangle method, type X and type Z are derived to improve the measurement efficiency. At present, the traditional CPⅢ Leveling Network adjustment model with elevation differences as observations is basically applied to Rectangular Method and its derivatives, but the traditional model is theoretically limited because of the non-independent elevation differences of Intermediate Method. For this reason, a general adjustment model of CPⅢ Leveling Network is proposed, which takes rod readings as observations. In the adjustment, a parameter is introduced to merge a series of unknowns and fixed system errors in each station, and the height difference is calculated by the height adjustment value. The verification of the site measurement data shows that this model has the characteristics of simple algorithm and high rate of data utilization, and its precision is not lower than that of the traditional CPⅢ Leveling Network adjustment model. Since there is no correlation between the observed values in this model, it can be applied to all kinds of existing CPⅢ leveling nets.
The CPⅢ Leveling Network provides high precision elevation datum for the construction and operation of high-speed railway. The existing data acquisition methods of CPⅢ Leveling Network mainly include two categories: Intermediate Method and Rectangle Method. Based on Rectangle method, type X and type Z are derived to improve the measurement efficiency. At present, the traditional CPⅢ Leveling Network adjustment model with elevation differences as observations is basically applied to Rectangular Method and its derivatives, but the traditional model is theoretically limited because of the non-independent elevation differences of Intermediate Method. For this reason, a general adjustment model of CPⅢ Leveling Network is proposed, which takes rod readings as observations. In the adjustment, a parameter is introduced to merge a series of unknowns and fixed system errors in each station, and the height difference is calculated by the height adjustment value. The verification of the site measurement data shows that this model has the characteristics of simple algorithm and high rate of data utilization, and its precision is not lower than that of the traditional CPⅢ Leveling Network adjustment model. Since there is no correlation between the observed values in this model, it can be applied to all kinds of existing CPⅢ leveling nets.
引文
[1] 李建平.CPⅢ控制网精度控制及数据处理方法研究[D].武汉:中国地质大学,2013.
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[13] 王伟,杨晓明.近地面大气垂直折光实验研究[J].信息工程大学学报,2014,15(3):380-384.
[14] 马晓君,赵长胜,丁圳祥.多组相关观测量的可变参数的序贯平差[J].矿山测量,2014(1):48-50,84.
[15] 徐小左.高铁CPⅢ复测高程和相邻点高差较差限差的确定[J].铁道工程学报,2010(10):45-48.
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[19] 郎建平,刘千文,胡晓军.CPⅢ控制网测量方法在武广高速铁路建设中的应用[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2010,7(2):16-19.
[20] 周东卫.高速铁路轨道控制网精密测量数据处理[J].测绘科学,2013,38(1):118-121.
[2] 李书亮,刘成龙,倪先桃,等.高速铁路CPⅢ高程控制网测量方法研究[J].测绘科学,2011,36(1):45-47.
[3] 何林烜,刘成龙,达乾龙,等.高速铁路轨道控制网高程网测量新方法[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2014,11(6):137-141.
[4] 王国宇,孙冠国,张博涵.CPⅢ高程控制测量观测网型改进的方法研究[J].测绘与空间地理信息,2014,37(11):223-226.
[5] 李建平,吕豆豆,宗婷婷,等.轨道高程控制网优化设计及应用[J].测绘科学,2014,39(9):117-120.
[6] 刘定威,范东明,何思源,等.轨道高程控制网的优化设计[J].测绘科学,2016,41(9):152-158.
[7] 国家技术监督局.水准标尺检定规程:JJG 8—1991[S].北京:中国计量出版社,1991
[8] 中华人民共和国铁道部.高速铁路工程测量规范:TB 10601—2009[S].北京:中国铁道出版社,2010
[9] Qiu Dongwei,Liang Qinghuai,Ding Keliang.Vertical control surveying and precision analysis for ballastless track of high-speed railway[C]∥The 2nd International Conference on Railway Engineering,Beijing,2012.
[10] Xu Yiteng,Zou Hao,Ji Hongming,et al.The research of error calibration methods and comparative analysis for digital level “i” angle[C]∥Proceedings of 2018 5th International Conference on Key Engineering Materials and Computer Science,Vancouver,Canada,2018.
[11] Li Jinhui,Geng liqing,Fan Huimin.Data acquisition and processing of digital level[C]∥Proceedings of the First Asia International Symposium on Mechatronics.Xi'an:2004.
[12] 徐俊洪.高速铁路轨道控制网测量关键环节的质量控制[J].测绘通报,2012(S1):207-209.
[13] 王伟,杨晓明.近地面大气垂直折光实验研究[J].信息工程大学学报,2014,15(3):380-384.
[14] 马晓君,赵长胜,丁圳祥.多组相关观测量的可变参数的序贯平差[J].矿山测量,2014(1):48-50,84.
[15] 徐小左.高铁CPⅢ复测高程和相邻点高差较差限差的确定[J].铁道工程学报,2010(10):45-48.
[16] 张绪丰.CPⅢ平面网外业测量若干技术问题的探讨及其软件的研制[D].成都:西南交通大学,2011.
[17] 蔡士毅,李博峰,石德斌,等.无砟轨道高速铁路精密测量数据处理[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2008(1):114-117.
[18] 李志俊,彭仪普.客运专线CPⅢ测量有关技术分析[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2011,8(2):123-128.
[19] 郎建平,刘千文,胡晓军.CPⅢ控制网测量方法在武广高速铁路建设中的应用[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2010,7(2):16-19.
[20] 周东卫.高速铁路轨道控制网精密测量数据处理[J].测绘科学,2013,38(1):118-121.