文化线路视角下江南工匠文化的海外传播
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摘要
"文化线路"在时空及其文化形状上不仅拓宽文化遗产的意义域与价值链,还彰显出它本身的动态性、交流性与整体性。汉唐以来,漕运、港口通商及海运成为国家重要的经济发展政策,大运河和海上丝路等文化线路的开通为江南工匠文化的传播提供了契机;在航海技术和西方地理大发现以及欧洲线路文化的拓展下,运河漕运和海上丝路贸易开始走向国家化发展道路。除了朝贡、恩赐、遣使、游历、移民或侨居等途径以外,漕运通商和海外贸易成为江南工匠文化海外传播的主要途径。古代江南工匠文化的海外传播折射出中外线路文化传播、交流与互溢的样本意义与特别内涵。
In terms of time and space and its cultural shape, cultural lines not only broaden the meaning and value chain of cultural heritage, but also highlight its own dynamics, communication and integrity. Since the Han and Tang Dynasties, Caoyun, port trade and shipping have become important national economic development policies. The opening of cultural routes such as the Grand Canal and the Maritime Silk Road has provided opportunities for the spread of the Jiangnan craftsman culture; the discovery of meteorology, navigation technology, and Western geography with the expansion of the European route culture, the Canal Caoyun and the maritime silk trade began to develop towards nationalization. In addition to tributary, gift, transportation, travel, immigration or expatriate, etc., shipping and foreign trade has become the main route for Jiangnan's craftsman culture to spread overseas. The overseas dissemination of ancient Jiangnan's craftsman culture reflects the sample meaning and special connotation of cultural communication, exchange and overflow of Chinese and foreign lines.
In terms of time and space and its cultural shape, cultural lines not only broaden the meaning and value chain of cultural heritage, but also highlight its own dynamics, communication and integrity. Since the Han and Tang Dynasties, Caoyun, port trade and shipping have become important national economic development policies. The opening of cultural routes such as the Grand Canal and the Maritime Silk Road has provided opportunities for the spread of the Jiangnan craftsman culture; the discovery of meteorology, navigation technology, and Western geography with the expansion of the European route culture, the Canal Caoyun and the maritime silk trade began to develop towards nationalization. In addition to tributary, gift, transportation, travel, immigration or expatriate, etc., shipping and foreign trade has become the main route for Jiangnan's craftsman culture to spread overseas. The overseas dissemination of ancient Jiangnan's craftsman culture reflects the sample meaning and special connotation of cultural communication, exchange and overflow of Chinese and foreign lines.
引文
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1王长俊主编:《江苏文化史论》,南京:南京师范大学出版社,1999年,第437页。
2王长俊主编:《江苏文化史论》,南京:南京师范大学出版社,1999年,第436页。
3徐伯春:《江苏古代科学家》,南京:江苏科学技术出版社,1983年,第79-80页。
2谢国桢编:《明代社会经济史料选编》,福州:福建人民出版社,1980年,第291页。
1参见朱杰勤译:《中外关系史译丛》,北京:海洋出版社,1984年,第278页。
1张星烺编注:《中西交通史料汇编》(第二册),北京:中华书局,1977年,第93页。
2王长俊主编:《江苏文化史论》,南京:南京师范大学出版社,1999年,第433页。
3王长俊主编:《江苏文化史论》,南京:南京师范大学出版社,1999年,第435页。
4中外关系史学会、复旦大学历史系编:《中外关系史译丛》(第四辑),上海:上海译文出版社,1988年,第185页。
1王长俊主编:《江苏文化史论》,南京:南京师范大学出版社,1999年,第437页。
2王长俊主编:《江苏文化史论》,南京:南京师范大学出版社,1999年,第436页。
3徐伯春:《江苏古代科学家》,南京:江苏科学技术出版社,1983年,第79-80页。