中文版Connor-Davidson心理弹性量表在糖尿病患者中的信效度研究
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摘要
目的研究中文版Connor-Davidson心理弹性量表(CD-RISC)在糖尿病患者中的信效度,为国内糖尿病人群心理弹性相关研究提供测评工具。方法采用方便抽样法,选取湖南省长沙市4所三甲医院作为调查基地。采用单纯随机抽样法,抽取于2014年5—9月在4所三甲医院内分泌科住院的糖尿病患者300例为调查对象。采用自编个人情况问卷、中文版CD-RISC、一般自我效能感量表(GSES)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)对300例糖尿病患者进行调查。对中文版CD-RISC的各条目进行项目分析;效度检验包括探索性因子分析、内部相关性分析及效标效度;信度检验包括Cronbach'sα、重测信度及分半信度。结果共发放问卷300份,回收有效问卷285份,有效回收率为95.0%。患者的中文版CD-RISC得分为21~95分,平均(63.66±15.17)分。低分组与高分组患者25个条目的得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);各条目得分与总分间的相关系数为0.059~0.709,呈正相关(P<0.01)。中文版CD-RISC包含5个因子,因子载荷为0.379~0.870,累计方差贡献率为55.138%。各因子得分与量表总分间呈正相关,相关系数为0.159~0.917(P<0.01)。患者的GSES总得分为12~40分,平均(25.76±5.71)分;SSRS总得分为19~61分,平均(40.28±8.22)分,其中客观支持维度得分(9.22±3.37)分,主观支持维度得分(23.91±5.15)分,支持利用度维度得分(7.15±1.87)分。除因子5与GSES总得分、客观支持维度得分、支持利用度维度得分外,其余因子均与效标得分呈正相关(P<0.05)。量表的Cronbach'sα为0.916,重测信度为0.821,分半信度为0.863。结论中文版CD-RISC在糖尿病患者中具有良好的信效度,适用于糖尿病人群心理弹性的研究。
Objective To examine the reliability and validity of Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale( CD-RISC)among diabetic patients in order to provide test and evaluation tools for relevant research of the psychological resilience of diabetic patients in China. Methods Using convenience sampling method,we selected 4 third-grade class-A hospitals in Changsha of Hunan Province. By simple random sampling method,we enrolled 300 diabetic patients who were admitted into the endocrinology departments of the 4 hospitals from May to September,2014. We adopted a self-designed questionnaire about personal information,the Chinese version of CD-RISC,general self-efficacy scale( GSES) and social support rating scale( SSRS) to perform survey on the patients. Item analysis was conducted on each item of the Chinese version of CD-RISC; validity test included exploratory factor analysis, internal correlation analysis and criterion-related validity; reliability test included Cronbach's α,test-retest reliability and split-half reliability. Results A total of 300 questionnaires were distributed,and 285 effective questionnaires were recovered with an effective recovery rate of 95. 0%. The score of the Chinese version of CD-RISC was21 ~ 95,and the average score was( 63. 66 ± 15. 17). Low score group and high score group were significantly different in the scores of the 25 items( P < 0. 05); the correlation coefficient between the score of each item and the total score was 0. 059 ~0. 709,indicating a positive correlation( P < 0. 01). The Chinese version of CD-RISC included 5 factors; the factor loading was0. 379 ~ 0. 870 and accumulated variance contribution rate was 55. 138%. There was positive correlation between the score of each factor and the total score of the scale,and the correlation coefficient was 0. 159 ~ 0. 917( P < 0. 01). The total score of GSES was 12 ~ 40,and the average score was( 25. 76 ± 5. 71). The total score of SSRS was 19 ~ 61,and the average score was( 40. 28 ± 8. 22); the scores for the dimensions of objective support,subjective support and the utilization degree of support were( 9. 22 ± 3. 37),( 23. 91 ± 5. 15) and( 7. 15 ± 1. 87). Except factor 5,the total score of GSES,the score of objective support dimension and the score of the dimension of the utilization degree of support,other factors all had positive correlation with the standard scores( P < 0. 05). Cronbach' s α of the scale was 0. 916,and the test-retest reliability and split-half reliability were 0. 821 and 0. 863 respectively. Conclusion The Chinese version of CD-RISChas good reliability and validity,suitable for the research of psychological resilience of diabetic patients.
Objective To examine the reliability and validity of Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale( CD-RISC)among diabetic patients in order to provide test and evaluation tools for relevant research of the psychological resilience of diabetic patients in China. Methods Using convenience sampling method,we selected 4 third-grade class-A hospitals in Changsha of Hunan Province. By simple random sampling method,we enrolled 300 diabetic patients who were admitted into the endocrinology departments of the 4 hospitals from May to September,2014. We adopted a self-designed questionnaire about personal information,the Chinese version of CD-RISC,general self-efficacy scale( GSES) and social support rating scale( SSRS) to perform survey on the patients. Item analysis was conducted on each item of the Chinese version of CD-RISC; validity test included exploratory factor analysis, internal correlation analysis and criterion-related validity; reliability test included Cronbach's α,test-retest reliability and split-half reliability. Results A total of 300 questionnaires were distributed,and 285 effective questionnaires were recovered with an effective recovery rate of 95. 0%. The score of the Chinese version of CD-RISC was21 ~ 95,and the average score was( 63. 66 ± 15. 17). Low score group and high score group were significantly different in the scores of the 25 items( P < 0. 05); the correlation coefficient between the score of each item and the total score was 0. 059 ~0. 709,indicating a positive correlation( P < 0. 01). The Chinese version of CD-RISC included 5 factors; the factor loading was0. 379 ~ 0. 870 and accumulated variance contribution rate was 55. 138%. There was positive correlation between the score of each factor and the total score of the scale,and the correlation coefficient was 0. 159 ~ 0. 917( P < 0. 01). The total score of GSES was 12 ~ 40,and the average score was( 25. 76 ± 5. 71). The total score of SSRS was 19 ~ 61,and the average score was( 40. 28 ± 8. 22); the scores for the dimensions of objective support,subjective support and the utilization degree of support were( 9. 22 ± 3. 37),( 23. 91 ± 5. 15) and( 7. 15 ± 1. 87). Except factor 5,the total score of GSES,the score of objective support dimension and the score of the dimension of the utilization degree of support,other factors all had positive correlation with the standard scores( P < 0. 05). Cronbach' s α of the scale was 0. 916,and the test-retest reliability and split-half reliability were 0. 821 and 0. 863 respectively. Conclusion The Chinese version of CD-RISChas good reliability and validity,suitable for the research of psychological resilience of diabetic patients.
引文
[1]Yang W,Lu J,Jia W,et al.Prevalence of diabetes among men and women in China[J].The New England Journal of Medicine,2010,362(12):1090-1101.
[2]Cui XL.Effect of self-management and behavior intervention on the quality of life for community elderly patients with diabetes[J].China Medical Herald,2012,9(17):166-168.(in Chinese)崔学利.自我管理和行为干预对社区老年糖尿病患者生活质量的影响[J].中国医药导报,2012,9(17):166-168.
[3]Sun SN,Zhao WG,Dong YY,et al.The current status and influential factors of self-management in diabetic patients[J].Chinese Journal of Nursing,2011,46(3):229-233.(in Chinese)孙胜男,赵维纲,董颖越,等.糖尿病患者自我管理现状及影响因素分析[J].中华护理杂志,2011,46(3):229-233.
[4]American Psychology Association.The road to resilience:what is resilience[EB/OL].http://www.apa.org/helpcenter/roadresilience.aspx.
[5]Bradshaw BG,Richardson GE,Kumpfer K,et al.Determining the efficacy of a resiliency training approach in adults with type 2 diabetes[J].Diabetes Educator,2007,33(4):650-659.
[6]Steinhardt MA,Brown SA,Dubois SK,et al.A resilience intervention in African-American adults with type 2 diabetes[J].American Journal of Health Behavior,2015,39(4):274-284.
[7]Yu XN,Lau JT,Mak WW,et al.Factor structure and psychometric properties of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale among Chinese adolescents[J].Compr Psychiatry,2011,52(2):218-224.
[8]Zhang Y,Ren JM,Huang J,et al.The reliability and validity of the Chinese version of Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale in the military college students[J].Chinese Mental Health Journal,2010,24(11):868-869.(in Chinese)张钰,任景敏,黄健,等.心理弹性问卷中文版在军校大学生中的信效度[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2010,24(11):868-869.
[9]World Health Organization.Definition and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and intermediate hyperglycemia:report of a WHO/IDF consultation[Z].2006.
[10]Connor KM,Davidson JRT.Development of a new resilience scale:the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale(CD-RISC)[J].Depression and Anxiety,2003,18(2):76-82.
[11]Yu XN,Zhang JX.Factor analysis and psychometric evaluation of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale(CD-RISC)with Chinese people[J].Social Behavior and Personality:An International Journal,2007,35(1):19-30.
[12]Wang CK,Hu ZF,Liu Y.Evidences for reliability and validity of the Chinese version of general self efficacy scale[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Psychology,2001,7(1):37-40.(in Chinese)王才康,胡中锋,刘勇.一般自我效能感量表的信度和效度研究[J].应用心理学,2001,7(1):37-40.
[13]汪向东.心理卫生评定量表手册[M].增订版.北京:中国心理卫生杂志社,1999:127-131.
[14]邱皓政,林碧芳.统计学:原理与应用Statistics[M].2版.台北:五南图书出版股份有限公司,2014:285-286.
[15]Yi JP,Vitaliano PP,Smith RE,et al.The role of resilience on psychological adjustment and physical health in patients with diabetes[J].Br J Health Psychol,2008,13(Pt 2):311-325.
[16]Yi-Frazier JP,Smith RE,Vitaliano PP,et al.A person-focused analysis of resilience resources and coping in patients with diabetes[J].Stress and Health,2010,26(1):51-60.
[17]高春兰,高学兰,姚旭.积极心理学理念下的糖尿病患者心理护理初探[J].糖尿病天地:临床,2010,4(1):14-17.
[18]孙晓敏,黄晓萍,袁翠萍,等.2型糖尿病患者自我管理行为及应对方式相关性研究[J].护士进修杂志,2012,27(12):1084-1086.
[19]Li L,Xie GR.The psychosocial and biological mechanism of resilience[J].Medicine&Philosophy,2012,33(3):32-33,36.(in Chinese)李丽,谢光荣.心理弹性的心理社会及生物学机制[J].医学与哲学,2012,33(3):32-33,36.
[20]李娜.大学生自我概念、自我效能感、社会支持与自我效能感的关系研究[D].昆明:云南师范大学,2011.
[21]Wang YQ,Zhang JJ,Ren JM,et al.Resilience in college students and its influential factors[J].Acta Academiae Medicinae Militaris Tertiae,2010,32(7):684-687.(in Chinese)王燕秋,张佳佳,任景敏,等.大学生心理弹性及其影响因素分析[J].第三军医大学学报,2010,32(7):684-687.
[2]Cui XL.Effect of self-management and behavior intervention on the quality of life for community elderly patients with diabetes[J].China Medical Herald,2012,9(17):166-168.(in Chinese)崔学利.自我管理和行为干预对社区老年糖尿病患者生活质量的影响[J].中国医药导报,2012,9(17):166-168.
[3]Sun SN,Zhao WG,Dong YY,et al.The current status and influential factors of self-management in diabetic patients[J].Chinese Journal of Nursing,2011,46(3):229-233.(in Chinese)孙胜男,赵维纲,董颖越,等.糖尿病患者自我管理现状及影响因素分析[J].中华护理杂志,2011,46(3):229-233.
[4]American Psychology Association.The road to resilience:what is resilience[EB/OL].http://www.apa.org/helpcenter/roadresilience.aspx.
[5]Bradshaw BG,Richardson GE,Kumpfer K,et al.Determining the efficacy of a resiliency training approach in adults with type 2 diabetes[J].Diabetes Educator,2007,33(4):650-659.
[6]Steinhardt MA,Brown SA,Dubois SK,et al.A resilience intervention in African-American adults with type 2 diabetes[J].American Journal of Health Behavior,2015,39(4):274-284.
[7]Yu XN,Lau JT,Mak WW,et al.Factor structure and psychometric properties of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale among Chinese adolescents[J].Compr Psychiatry,2011,52(2):218-224.
[8]Zhang Y,Ren JM,Huang J,et al.The reliability and validity of the Chinese version of Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale in the military college students[J].Chinese Mental Health Journal,2010,24(11):868-869.(in Chinese)张钰,任景敏,黄健,等.心理弹性问卷中文版在军校大学生中的信效度[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2010,24(11):868-869.
[9]World Health Organization.Definition and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and intermediate hyperglycemia:report of a WHO/IDF consultation[Z].2006.
[10]Connor KM,Davidson JRT.Development of a new resilience scale:the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale(CD-RISC)[J].Depression and Anxiety,2003,18(2):76-82.
[11]Yu XN,Zhang JX.Factor analysis and psychometric evaluation of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale(CD-RISC)with Chinese people[J].Social Behavior and Personality:An International Journal,2007,35(1):19-30.
[12]Wang CK,Hu ZF,Liu Y.Evidences for reliability and validity of the Chinese version of general self efficacy scale[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Psychology,2001,7(1):37-40.(in Chinese)王才康,胡中锋,刘勇.一般自我效能感量表的信度和效度研究[J].应用心理学,2001,7(1):37-40.
[13]汪向东.心理卫生评定量表手册[M].增订版.北京:中国心理卫生杂志社,1999:127-131.
[14]邱皓政,林碧芳.统计学:原理与应用Statistics[M].2版.台北:五南图书出版股份有限公司,2014:285-286.
[15]Yi JP,Vitaliano PP,Smith RE,et al.The role of resilience on psychological adjustment and physical health in patients with diabetes[J].Br J Health Psychol,2008,13(Pt 2):311-325.
[16]Yi-Frazier JP,Smith RE,Vitaliano PP,et al.A person-focused analysis of resilience resources and coping in patients with diabetes[J].Stress and Health,2010,26(1):51-60.
[17]高春兰,高学兰,姚旭.积极心理学理念下的糖尿病患者心理护理初探[J].糖尿病天地:临床,2010,4(1):14-17.
[18]孙晓敏,黄晓萍,袁翠萍,等.2型糖尿病患者自我管理行为及应对方式相关性研究[J].护士进修杂志,2012,27(12):1084-1086.
[19]Li L,Xie GR.The psychosocial and biological mechanism of resilience[J].Medicine&Philosophy,2012,33(3):32-33,36.(in Chinese)李丽,谢光荣.心理弹性的心理社会及生物学机制[J].医学与哲学,2012,33(3):32-33,36.
[20]李娜.大学生自我概念、自我效能感、社会支持与自我效能感的关系研究[D].昆明:云南师范大学,2011.
[21]Wang YQ,Zhang JJ,Ren JM,et al.Resilience in college students and its influential factors[J].Acta Academiae Medicinae Militaris Tertiae,2010,32(7):684-687.(in Chinese)王燕秋,张佳佳,任景敏,等.大学生心理弹性及其影响因素分析[J].第三军医大学学报,2010,32(7):684-687.