蠕墨铸铁表面多弧离子镀CrTiAlN镀层抗氧化性研究
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摘要
蠕墨铸铁缸盖具有高强度、导热良好的优点,但其在高温下易发生氧化,极大地影响了其使用寿命。本文采用多弧离子镀技术在蠕墨铸铁表面制备CrTiAlN镀层,提高其高温抗氧化性。采用氧化增重法进行高温氧化实验。运用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)等现代材料分析技术对镀层氧化前后微观组织结构及相组成进行检测分析。结果表明:经高温氧化后,蠕墨铸铁基体表面生成致密的氧化层,其主要相组成为Fe_2O_3和Fe_3O_4;氧化后,CrTiAlN镀层中仅生成了少量的CrO_3和Cr2O_3,氧化前后表面形貌无较大差异。偏压值越大,CrTiAlN镀层氧化增重量越大。当偏压值为200 V时,氧化增重量最少,为6.0 mg,且氧化速率最低,为1.4 mg?m~(-2)?h~(-1),抗氧化性最好。
Though vermicular iron has the advantages of high strength and good thermal conductivity,while it is easy to oxidize at high temperature which greatly affects its service life. In this paper,CrTiAlNcoating was prepared by multi-arc ion plating technology on the surface of vermicular iron to improve theoxidation resistance. The high temperature oxidation resistance was carried out by oxidation weight gaintests. The microstructure and phase composition of the coating before and after oxidation were tested byscanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD)and other modern material analysistechniques. The experimental results showed that the dense oxide layer was formed on the collectivesurface of vermicular cast iron after high-temperature oxidation,and its main phase compositions were Fe_2 O_3 and Fe_3 O_4. After the oxidation,only a little CrO_3 and Cr_2 O_3 were generated on the surface ofCrTiAlN coating. The morphologies were not different vastly before and after the oxidation. With the increase of bias voltage,the weight gain increased. When the bias voltage was 200 V,the lowest weightgain was 6.0 mg,and the oxidation rate was 1.4 mg?m~(-2)?h~(-1),which showed the oxidation resistance wasthe best.
Though vermicular iron has the advantages of high strength and good thermal conductivity,while it is easy to oxidize at high temperature which greatly affects its service life. In this paper,CrTiAlNcoating was prepared by multi-arc ion plating technology on the surface of vermicular iron to improve theoxidation resistance. The high temperature oxidation resistance was carried out by oxidation weight gaintests. The microstructure and phase composition of the coating before and after oxidation were tested byscanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD)and other modern material analysistechniques. The experimental results showed that the dense oxide layer was formed on the collectivesurface of vermicular cast iron after high-temperature oxidation,and its main phase compositions were Fe_2 O_3 and Fe_3 O_4. After the oxidation,only a little CrO_3 and Cr_2 O_3 were generated on the surface ofCrTiAlN coating. The morphologies were not different vastly before and after the oxidation. With the increase of bias voltage,the weight gain increased. When the bias voltage was 200 V,the lowest weightgain was 6.0 mg,and the oxidation rate was 1.4 mg?m~(-2)?h~(-1),which showed the oxidation resistance wasthe best.
引文
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[15] Feng Y,Zhang L,Ke R,et al. Thermal stability and oxidation behavior of AlTiN,AlCrN and AlCrSiWN coatings[J]. International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials,2014,43(12):241-249.
[16]楼白杨,周艳. CrTiAlN镀层的高温抗氧化性能[J].材料科学与工程学报,2016,34(2):204-207.
[2]张华阳,左正兴,刘金祥,等.基于缩孔预测的蠕墨铸铁气缸盖铸造工艺改进[J].内燃机学报,2014,32(3):283-287.
[3]史新伟,李春明,邱万起,等. Cr对多弧离子镀TiN及其复合膜(Ti,Cr)N性能的影响[J].中国有色金属学报,2006,16(7):1227-1232.
[4] Polcar T,Parreira N M G,Novák R. Friction and wearbehaviour of CrN coating at temperatures up to 500°C[J]. Surface&Coatings Technology,2007,201(9–11):5228-5235.
[5] Zhang G A,Wang L P,Yan P X,et al. Structure and mechanical properties of Cr-B-N films deposited by reactive magnetron sputtering[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2009,48(6):227-232.
[6]张广安,王立平,刘千喜,等. CrN基复合薄膜的结构及摩擦磨损性能研究[J].摩擦学学报,2011,31(2):181-186.
[7] Chim Y C,Ding X Z,Zeng X T,et al. Oxidation resistance of TiN,CrN,TiAlN and CrAlN coatings deposited by lateral rotating cathode arc[J]. Thin Solid Films,2009,517(17):4845-4849.
[8] Panjan P,Navinsek B,Cekada M,et al. Oxidation behaviour of TiAlN coatings sputtered at low temperature[J]. Vacuum,1999,53(1):127-131.
[9] Li P,Chen L,Wang S Q,et al. Microstructure,mechanical and thermal properties of TiAlN/CrAlN multilayer coatings[J]. International Journal of Refractory Metals&Hard Materials,2013,40(9):51-57.
[10]陈利,吴恩熙,尹飞,等.(Ti,Al)N涂层的微观组织和性能[J].中国有色金属学报,2006,16(2):279-283.
[11] Gao P H,Cao S T,Li J P,et al. High temperature oxidation resistance of M42C stainless steel coatings deposited on the surface of cast iron through atmospheric plasma spraying[J]. Journal of Alloys&Compounds,2016,68(4):188-194.
[12]袁琳,高原,张维,等.负偏压值对多弧离子镀TiN薄膜的影响[J].表面技术,2012,41(1):20-26.
[13]蔡志海,底月兰,张平. CrTiAlN复合镀层的抗高温氧化性能与机理[J].装甲兵工程学院学报,2011,25(2):88-92.
[14]张豪,许向敏,费晓燕,等. CrTiAlN涂层在800℃和900℃时对H13钢氧化性能的影响[J].人工晶体学报,2013,42(12):2715-2719.
[15] Feng Y,Zhang L,Ke R,et al. Thermal stability and oxidation behavior of AlTiN,AlCrN and AlCrSiWN coatings[J]. International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials,2014,43(12):241-249.
[16]楼白杨,周艳. CrTiAlN镀层的高温抗氧化性能[J].材料科学与工程学报,2016,34(2):204-207.